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High-fidelity laser-free common charge of trapped ion qubits.
V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Owing to early diagnosis and rapid development of treatments for cancers, the five-year survival rate of all cancer types has markedly improved worldwide. Over time, however, there has been an increase in the number of cancer patients who develop coronary artery disease (CAD) due to different causes. First, many risk factors are shared between cancer and CAD. Second, inflammation and oxidative stress are common underlying pathogeneses in both disorders. Lastly, cancer therapy can result in endothelial injury, coronary artery spasm, and coagulation, thereby increasing the risk of CAD. As more cancer patients are being diagnosed with CAD, specialized cardiac care should be established to minimize the cardiovascular mortality of cancer survivors. © 2019 Chinese Medical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Gene diagnosis refers to the use of genetic testing in the diagnosis of inheritable conditions, which has gradually been applied in clinical practice with the completion of the gene sequencing efforts of the Human Genome Project and the advancement of gene detection technology. In the specialty field of cardiology, monogenic cardiovascular diseases are defined as monogenic inherited diseases with cardiovascular damage as the only phenotype, or accompanied by cardiovascular damage. Although the incidence of such diseases is relatively low, in the country of China with its vast population of 1.33 billion, the sheer volume of patients with monogenic cardiovascular diseases is alarming. With early onset, severe symptoms, and poor prognosis, delays in diagnosis and treatment of monogenic cardiovascular diseases often have serious consequences. Gene testing is perfectly suited for early diagnosis of monogenic cardiovascular diseases, especially for "pre-symptomatic" diagnosis. In this article, we generally review the characteristics of common monogenic cardiovascular diseases, summarize the progress of the standardized application of gene testing technology in clinical practice, describe the applicable population and condition of genetic testing for different monogenic cardiovascular diseases, analyze the practicality of genetic diagnosis of these inheritable conditions, and provide guidance on identifying suitable candidates for gene diagnosis. In conclusion, gene diagnosis provides new insights into the way physicians diagnose diseases, and is well-positioned to guide clinical decision making and treatment, especially in cardiology. © 2020 Chinese Medical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.For the first time, anisotropic gold nanorods (AuNRs) were embedded with a photosensitizer dye (crystal violet) in polyurethane (PU) matrix to create the effective antimicrobial film, capable of killing Gram-negative bacteria on its surface when exposed to white light. The dye, when activated with white light, interacts with the AuNRs to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which kill bacteria. With a proper control of the aspect ratio (2.1-2.4) and coating of the AuNRs, the film can be tuned to reduce the bacteria population of one to four orders of magnitude (1-log to 4-log) under 11 klux of light, for an exposure to light between 1 to 3 h. Particularly it could reduce 104 cfu/cm2 to the level of 1-5 cfu/cm2 in 3 h of light exposure. This was a desired performance for use on hospital surfaces. In addition, the system showed antimicrobial effect only when exposed to light, which eliminated the concern for a cumulative toxic effect on subjects exposed to the material for a long period of time and limited the time given to the bacteria to develop resistance against the system. Furthermore, this process of sterilization could be carried out by a commercially available white light lamp, which when in use did not interrupt the normal routine operation of the environment. Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society.Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a noninvasive modality that allows for precise tissue ablation with sparing of surrounding structures. Early reports of the use of MRgFUS for the treatment of facet joint osteoarthritis are promising. We present a case of facet joint pain treated successfully by MRgFUS at our institution. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasonography may be a useful modality for patients with facet joint-mediated low back pain, particularly in the setting of limited or refractory response to conventional treatments. © 2019 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc.Ingestion of a foreign body is a common occurrence. Flexible endoscopy is most commonly used for treatment, but certain large foreign bodies are more easily retrieved with rigid endoscopy. We present a technically challenging case of intentional ingestion of a large stone that required retrieval from the upper thoracic esophagus using rigid endoscopy. This case highlights the importance of alternative methods to manage large foreign bodies and of collaboration of medical subspecialties. © 2019 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc.Appropriate patient identification is a critical component of safe health care delivery. With increasing reliance on electronic medical records (EMRs), errors of test ordering and documentation have become commonplace. Incorporating patients' photograph in the EMR has considerably decreased error frequency and improved health care delivery by making it easier for physicians to identify a patient. We conducted a survey of all 35 physicians working in the Executive Health Program to determine the importance of having patient photographs in the EMR. Of the 35 physicians who received the survey, 26 (74.3%) responded, 24 (92.3%) of whom agreed that it was important to improve patient identification, care, and safety. Based on these data, we implemented a quality improvement project to increase the percentage of new patients having a photograph included in the EMR. Our goal was to increase photograph inclusion by more than 20% from baseline within 6 months without any unintended consequences (ie, not slowing down any of the workflow during the intake process). The intervention took place between June 1, 2015, and February 8, 2016. Using Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control models, the baseline rate of photographs in the EMR was 49.5% (302 of 607). We initiated 3 Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles targeting awareness and data sharing campaigns. After the Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles, the weekly rate of patient photographs incorporated into the EMR was at 71.4%, which was significantly improved compared with baseline (F test, P less then .001). No unintended consequences were identified. Increased inclusion of patient photographs in the EMR aided in patient identification and improved staff satisfaction with minimal interruption to workflow. © 2019 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc.Objective To assess how staff attitudes before, during, and after implementation of a real-time location system (RTLS) that uses radio-frequency identification tags on staff and patient identification badges and on equipment affected staff's intention to use and actual use of an RTLS. Participants and Methods A series of 3 online surveys were sent to staff at an emergency department with plans to implement an RTLS between June 1, 2015, and November 29, 2016. Each survey corresponded with a different phase of implementation preimplementation, midimplementation, and postimplementation. Multiple logistic regression with backward elimination was used to assess the relationship between demographic variables, attitudes about RTLSs, and intention to use or actual use of an RTLS. Results Demographic variables were not associated with intention to use or actual use of the RTLS. Before implementation, poor perceptions about the technology's usefulness and lack of trust in how employers would use tracking data were associated with weaker intentions to use the RTLS. During and after implementation, attitudes about the technology's use, not issues related to autonomy and privacy, were associated with less use of the technology. Conclusion Real-time location systems have the potential to assess patterns of health care delivery that could be modified to reduce costs and improve the quality of care. Successful implementation, however, may hinge on how staff weighs attitudes and concerns about their autonomy and personal privacy with organizational goals. With the large investments required for new technology, serious consideration should be given to address staff attitudes about privacy and technology in order to assure successful implementation. © 2019 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc.The first officially recognized otolaryngology resident at Mayo Clinic started training in 1908. In the following years, the residency program evolved through emerging national standards and regulations for medical education, declining and resurgent interest in the specialty, and radical changes in otolaryngology as a practice. This article details the growth of the Mayo Clinic otolaryngology residency program, often in the words of the pioneering physicians involved in the process, from "filler-ins" for the staff to today's nationally recognized program. © 2019 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Vacuolin-1 mouse Published by Elsevier Inc.Objective To test the hypothesis that exercise and dobutamine would provide levels of cardiac stress that are comparable to those achieved in a general stress test population, and to one another, in heart transplant recipients. Patients and Methods From February 10, 2015, to December 31, 2017, 81 patients underwent exercise stress (N=45) or dobutamine stress (N=36) echocardiography at a mean ± SD of 11±14 years (range, 1-29 years) after heart transplant. Hemodynamic and inotropic responses were compared between groups, and to a prior test, longitudinally. The primary outcome was peak heart rate (HR) × systolic blood pressure (SBP). Results Peak exercise HR × SBP × 10-3 was a mean ± SD of 24.9±4.9 mm Hg/min for exercise stress vs 21.2±3.4 mm Hg/min during dobutamine stress (P less then .001). In 35 patients who underwent a dobutamine stress test followed later by another dobutamine stress test, peak HR × SBP changed by 4.2%±16% (P=.05). In 25 patients who underwent a dobutamine stress test followed later by an exercise stress test, peak HR × SBP increased by 12%±23% (P=.002 vs serial dobutamine stress tests). Peak exercise HR did not correlate with time since heart transplant, patient age, or graft age. Peak dobutamine HR correlated modestly with patient age (r 2 =0.28). Inotropic responses were similar in both groups. Overall, patients preferred exercise stress testing to dobutamine stress tests. Dobutamine stress testing was more expensive than exercise stress tests. Conclusion Exercise induces a level of cardiac stress that is equal to or greater than dobutamine-induced stress, at lower cost, in heart transplant recipients who express preference for exercise stress testing. © 2020 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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