Notes

Cruciferous weeds tend not to work as main reservoirs of inoculum regarding black get rotten outbreaks within Nyc State.
Crouzon syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by acrocephaly, exophthalmos, hypertelorism, strabismus, parrot-beaked nose, and hypoplastic maxilla. It is usually caused by a pathogenic mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 gene and premature fusion of the sutures of the cranium and the base of the skull. This article documents the ophthalmic complications in patients with Crouzon syndrome before and after the influence of craniofacial surgery with particular emphasis on the different mechanisms and treatments involved. It is important to perform timely decompressive surgery before the presence of optic atrophy and corneal defects, and make early detection and adequate management of amblyopia, ptosis and strabismus. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56 544-548).Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) related optic neuritis (NMOSD-ON) is a common neuro-ophthalmic disease which often results in permanent blindness. NMOSD is characterized by high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. Therefore the two key objectives of the therapeutic approach for patients with NMOSD are treatment of the acute attacks and prevention of the relapses. With the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of NMOSD, new treatments developed for different stages of the disease are emerging. This review gives an update of latest knowledge of NMOSD-ON, emphasizing both current and future therapeutic approaches. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56 539-543).A 19-year-old woman presented sudden visual loss in the left eye for 1 day. Ophthalmic examination showed superior hemi-retinal whitening with thickening of the inner retinal layer and shadowing of the outer retina layer and delayed perfusion of the superior hemi-retinal artery and cilioretinal artery. We performed surgery at 34 hours after the onset. After vitrectomy, a 48G micro-needle was connected to the 1-cc syringe of the viscous fluid control unit of the vitrectomy machine. The needle tip was inserted into the lumen of the superior peripapillary branch retinal vein. Then balanced salt solution was injected without tissue-type plasminogen activator, till it entered the vein and nearby artery. After surgery, the patient's visual acuity restored to 1.0 at 7 days and kept unchanged for 4 weeks. This is the first report on intra-retinal vein cannulation without tissue-type plasminogen activator for 34 hours of hemi-central retinal artery occlusion. It is worth trying for improving visual acuity despite certain morphologic damage. ( Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56 536-538).Objective To evaluate the operability and clinical application effects of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery systems of LenSx and LenSAR. Methods This was a randomized controlled study. A total of 86 patients (90 eyes) who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital from April 2018 to November 2018 were enrolled and divided into two groups randomly, including 44 patients (45 eyes) in the LenSx group and 42 patients (45 eyes) in the LenSAR group. During the operation, the following observation indexes were obtained. Operational indicators included the number of docking attempts, anterior capsulotomy time, nucleus pre-treatment time, total femtosecond laser emission time, and total vacuum suction duration. Clinical outcome indicators included changes in the patient's intraocular pressure during femtosecond laser surgery, the rate of subconjunctival hemorrhage, capsulotomy integrity (yes/no), roundness and centricity of the anterior capsule opening (yes/no), the rate of anterior capsule opening tear, and the rate of posterior capsule rupture. The t-test, rank-sum test or chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results There were no significant differences between groups in the age and the lens density (both P>0.05). The number of docking attempts in the LenSx group was 1 (1 to 4) and in the LenSAR group was 1 (1 to 2); there was statistically significant difference (Z =-2.23, P0.05). Conclusion The docking process of the LenSAR system is convenient, and there is less subconjunctival hemorrhage; the total vacuum suction duration of LenSx is short, and the increase of intraocular pressure is low. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56 530-535).Objective To evaluate the efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide deep fornix injection for the treatment of upper eyelid retraction caused by thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Methods Case-control study. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 64 eyes in 53 patients with upper eyelid retraction caused by TAO from October 2015 to December 2018. Pyrvinium in vivo Thirty-nine eyes in 33 patients diagnosed with TAO with upper eyelid retraction were treated with triamcinolone acetonide deep fornix injection (20 mg), once per month until the therapeutic effect was stable, as the treatment group. Twenty-five eyes in 20 patients were not treated (the observation group). The ocular examination indexes of the two groups were compared. Paired t-test and independent sample t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results There were 6 males and 27 females in the treatment group, aged (43±12) years, and 5 males and 15 females in the observation group, aged (40±13) years. There was no significant difference in gender, age, history an There was no recurrence in the two groups. In the treatment group, 5 patients (6 eyes) showed a transient intraocular pressure rise, which was controlled after medication; 3 women had menstrual changes. Conclusions Deep fornix injection of triamcinolone acetonide for treating upper eyelid retraction is convenient and effective. It can significantly reduce symptoms and improve patients' quality of life. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56524-529).Objective To investigate the role of metagenomic sequencing in the diagnosis of infectious uveitis. Methods Cross-sectional study. A total of 19 vitreous specimens of patients with suspected infectious uveitis from March 2016 to July 2018 in Beijing Tongren Hospital were collected, including 8 males and 11 females, 19 to 68 years old. There were 10 cases in the right eye, 8 cases in the left eye and 1 case in both eyes. Acute retinal necrosis was clinically diagnosed in 8 patients (9 eyes), and the diagnosis was unknown in 11 patients (11 eyes). About 1 ml of the vitreous fluid was reserved for each specimen, 800 μl for metagenomic sequencing and 200 μl for real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR verification. The TIANamp Micro DNA Kit was used to extract the sample DNA for metagenomic sequencing, and the ultrasonic fragment was broken to 200-300 bp. The BGISEQ-500 platform was used for sequencing. The data with low quality and length less than 35 bp were cleared from the sequencing data to obtain high-qualitr virus by PCR was consistent with that by metagenomic sequencing. Conclusion Metagenomic sequencing can be used as an alternative method for laboratory diagnosis of infectious uveitis. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56 519-523).Objective To investigate the features of the full-field electroretinogram (FERG) in patients with ocular surface alkaline injury, and to clarify the clinical significance of FERG examination in alkaline ocular trauma. Methods Retrospective series of case study. A total of 22 patients with chemical ocular surface injury who were treated in the Department of Ophthalmology of Peking University Third Hospital from May 2018 to January 2020 were selected, including 20 males (25 eyes) and 2 females (2 eyes). The age ranged from 19 to 60 years old (average, 41). There were 17 eyes with alkaline ocular trauma, 7 eyes with thermal burn, and 3 eyes with acid ocular trauma. Seventeen contralateral healthy eyes in patients with unilateral mechanical trauma were used as controls. Fourteen alkaline trauma eyes with visual acuity records were further observed according to the degree of visual impairment. All patients were subjected to different flash intensity stimuli in accordance with a standard of the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision for dark-adapted and light-adapted full-field FERG. One-way ANOVA and SNK-q was used for the comparison between groups. The unpaired t test was used for the comparison of patients with different vision. Results Compared with healthy eyes the injured eyes' amplitude of dark adaption FERG b-wave under the dark stimulation of 0.01 cd·s·m-2 in alkaline ocular trauma, thermal burn, acid ocular trauma was (135±85), (169±55), and (112±43) versus (341±53) μV, respectively; compared with healthy eyes, the differences were statistically significant (F=31.38; q=8.94, 5.70， 5.45；all P0.05) after alkaline ocular trauma. Conclusions By detecting the amplitude change of FERG wave form of chemical ocular trauma, in this study, the amplitude of FERG wave form in alkaline ocular trauma was generally decreased. It's suggested that alkaline ocular trauma can cause damage to the rod and cone systems of retinal. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56 514-518).Objective To observe the effects of intravenous methylprednisolone pulse (IVMP) therapy on the recovery of visual acuity and its influencing factors in patients with the relapse of aquaporin (AQP) 4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica related optic neuritis (NMO-ON). Methods Retrospective case series. Forty-eight eyes of 35 patients diagnosed as NMO-ON in the Neuro-ophthalmology Clinic of Beijing Tongren Hospital from September 2012 to April 2018 were included in this research. All patients were AQP4 antibody seropositive, and had clinical manifestations of acute optic neuritis, with a history of optic neuritis treated with glucocorticoids effectively. They received the treatment of IVMP 500 mg/d or 1 000 mg/d for 3 to 5 days. The post-treatment and pre-treatment visual acuities were compared. Improving four lines or more was considered as markedly effective, improving two or three lines as effective, and improving one line or no change or a decline as no effect. The impacts of age, visual acuity at onset,body seropositive. The effect of IVMP treatment at doses of 500 mg/d and 1 000 mg/d is similar. Furthermore, visual acuity less than 0.05 and more relapses reduce the efficacy in relapsed NMO-ON patients. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56 509-513).Clinical visual electrophysiological examination is a method that can objectively reflect visual function. It has become one of the important methods of ophthalmological examination, and the operation process has strict specifications. This article introduces the history, formulation and content of international clinical visual electrophysiological examination standards, which will help ophthalmologists understand the importance of the standardization of the operation process, so as to better promote and standardize the clinical visual electrophysiological examination in China. ( Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56 489-491).Vision is the receptive and cognitive process of converting light and pattern signals into nerve impulse signals. The main role of visual physiology is to elucidate the neural mechanism of vision. As an important part of visual physiology, visual electrophysiological examination, like electrocardiogram and electroencephalogram, is used to diagnose diseases through the bioelectrical phenomena generated during the activities of body organs and tissues. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, remarkable achievements have been made in basic research, translational research and clinical research of visual physiology with more than 70 years of heritage and efforts. But there are still many unknown areas that need further exploration. Looking back at the development history will encourage us to forge ahead and make more contributions to visual physiology in China. Congratulations on the 70th anniversary of the founding of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology. （Chin J Ophthalmol， 2020， 56 481-488）.
Homepage: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pyrvinium.html