Notes

Evaluation of the particular sysmex UF-5000 fluorescence circulation cytometer as a screening process system regarding taking over out urinary tract infections throughout seniors people delivering at the Emergency Office.
Physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary habits are behavioral risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of physical activity and dietary habits among adolescents in Saudi Arabia.

A systematic electronic literature search of PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and BIOSIS was conducted through April 2018 using the following keywords (Physical activity OR physical inactivity OR diet OR dietary habits) AND Saudi Arabia. Extracted data from each study were tabulated, and data were synthesized narratively.

Eighteen studies published within 2007-2017 were included in the narrative synthesis. The prevalence of physical activity among adolescents in Saudi Arabia ranged from 4% to 44.5%. Fast foods consumption, skipping breakfast, and low fruit and vegetable consumption were the most reported unhealthy dietary habits.

Our review highlights that physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary habits were high among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. These findings require immediate actions and plans to increase levels of physical activity and healthy dietary habits among Saudi adolescents.
Our review highlights that physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary habits were high among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. These findings require immediate actions and plans to increase levels of physical activity and healthy dietary habits among Saudi adolescents.
The study aimed at detecting the prevailing hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and the presence of clinically relevant mutations in the precore/core gene of the HBV DNA, among patients with chronic infection in South-eastern, Nigeria.

A total of 72 participants with chronic HBV infection were enrolled into the study. Plasma samples from those with detectable HBV DNA were subjected to nested Polymerase Chain Reaction amplification using the precore/core specific primers. This resulted to the successful amplification and sequencing of the HBV precore/core region DNA from 16 participants. Mutation analysis on the precore/core region detected the presence of certain HBV precore/core gene mutations. Genotyping was carried out by phylogenetic analysis.

The precore region mutation at nucleotide position 1896, which is a G to A change resulting to a nonsense mutation, was detected in 6.25% of the participants. Other HBV precore region mutations that were detected include G1899A, T1846A, G1862C, G1888A, T1821C, C1826T, A1827C, A1850T, C1858T, precore start codon Kozak sequence mutations and some novel core region mutations such as G/A1951T and G1957A. ONO-4538 Genotyping revealed the existence of HBV genotype/subgenotype A1 (87.5%) and D (12.5%) among the participants. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of specific precore/core mutations among the HBV/hepatitis C virus dually infected and HBV mono-infected participants.

The data suggest the likelihood of a more severe outcome of hepatitis caused by HBV in South-eastern Nigeria due to the occurrence of a variety of precore/core mutation, which resulted to HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection among the participants.
The data suggest the likelihood of a more severe outcome of hepatitis caused by HBV in South-eastern Nigeria due to the occurrence of a variety of precore/core mutation, which resulted to HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection among the participants.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common malignant disorder of hematopoietic progenitor cells that caused by chromosomal translocation and the formation of fusion oncogenes. This study determined the frequencies of fusion genes in Sudanese patients with AML and their clinical impacts.

This study was conducted at Alzaeim Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan. A total of 97 patients with AML were recruited in the study from different clinics in Khartoum state. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine types of fusion genes.

The highest frequency of genetic defects was observed for
fusion gene (57.6%) followed by
(35.1%) and
(7.2%). No significant differences in blast cells, hemoglobin, total white blood cells, and platelets were found between different gene fusion groups (
> 0.05). In addition, no differences in the frequency of splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy were observed between different gene fusion groups (
> 0.05). With respect to French-American-British (FAB) classification, the M2 and M3 were significantly higher in patients with
fusion (86%,
< 0.01) whereas M4 and M5 were higher in patients with
fusion (76.5%,
< 0.01).

The study concluded that
and
fusion genes were predominant in AML Sudanese patients. None of the examined clinical parameters were different between different fusion genes except for FAB stages.
The study concluded that AML1-ETO and MLL-AF9 fusion genes were predominant in AML Sudanese patients. None of the examined clinical parameters were different between different fusion genes except for FAB stages.
Dysphagia post-stroke represents a substantial health issue. The rates of pneumonia are lesser among those individuals who have passed a dysphagia screening test. Only few among the existing screening tests meet the required standards; the timed water swallow test (TWST) is one among them. The purpose of the study was to establish normative data for the TWST in Indian population.

The present study involved 480 typical individuals in the age range of 8-80.11 years. All the participants performed TWST and indices of volume per swallow, time per swallow, and swallow capacity were obtained for the tasks of normal and rapid swallow across age and gender.

In the first phase of the study, normative data were obtained and summarized by age and gender. The second phase of the study dealt with additional analyses on measures of reliability and validity. Two-way mixed ANOVA was performed with age and gender as the between-group variables, and normal and rapid swallowing as the within-group variables.

Normative values for the performance of Indian population on TWST were obtained. The results revealed a significant difference for all the three indices of swallow performance across age, gender, and type of swallowing. These norms can be used as a screening tool for identifying swallowing dysfunction.
Normative values for the performance of Indian population on TWST were obtained. The results revealed a significant difference for all the three indices of swallow performance across age, gender, and type of swallowing. These norms can be used as a screening tool for identifying swallowing dysfunction.
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