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Research together with teenagers which participate in non-suicidal self-injury: moral considerations as well as problems.
e the analysis of reasons for judgements with relation to the role of vaccination in modern countries and those social and medical initiatives that are allowed to be used in certain states to ensure exercise of human rights. Even a slight reduction in numbers of vaccinated children caused by parents' hesitancy due to certain non-medical reasons, religious and philosophic beliefs will have negative consequences for the public health and country's economy. Looking for a balance of human rights and public interest when it comes to vaccination resulted in establishing by the supranational judicial institutions of the prevalence of social necessity over individual rights. These findings should play a key role in the selection by different states of vaccination-related medical and social initiatives.In this review, we discuss the role of adrenoceptors in the regulation of the rheological functions of erythrocytes. β-adrenoceptors play an important role in the regulation of erythrocytes functions and metabolism. They participate in the modification of transport membrane proteins (Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca+2-ATPase, Na+/K+/2Cl-cotransporter, Na+/H+-antiporter, CAT-1, Ca2+-dependent K+ channels (Gard channels), the activity of adenylate cyclase and cAMP, AMP-dependent activation of the L-arginine/NOS system and erythrocyte NOS) and by this way modulate the cells volume, rheological properties (deformability, aggregability), intensity of NO synthesis and ATP reliase. These properties of erythrocytes determine, that, in addition to the transport of gases, they play the oxygen sensors role and can participate in the mechanisms of vasorelaxation and maintenance of a normal level of microcirculation.Reinnervation of skeletal muscles, wich occurs in time, is considered a factor in preventing muscle atrophy and potentially successful functional recovery. Morphometry of denervated muscles makes it possible to assess the dynamics of muscle atrophy after various methods of repairing of a damaged peripheral nerve. The aim - evaluate histological changes and morphometry of m. gastrocnemius in rats after complete neurotomy and nerve repair techniques. In rats the sciatic nerve was crossed and sutured with 4 epineural sutures, 2 sutures with DuraSeal, and 2 sutures with Tisseel. On the 14th, 30th, and 60th day histological changes of m.gastrocnemius were examined and morphometry was performed based on two parameters muscle fiber diameter and collagen density. Skeletal muscles morphometry was performed after sciatic nerve neurotomy and subsequent microsurgical repair. Muscle fiber wasting was already detected on the 14th day after epineural suture with DuraSeal, and in the Tisseel group - on the 30th day after sciatic nerve damage. The average diameter of muscle fibers in the DuraSeal group increased significantly by the day 60 due to the appearance of hypertrophied fibers. In areas of wasting, connective tissue density increased, which did not change quantitatively during the experiment, while the use of DuraSeal and Tisseel delayed the development of fibrosis for up to the 30th day. Application of DuraSeal and Tisseel with epineural suture delays the development of fibrosis and wasting in denervated muscles during the reinnervation period.Aim of the research - to study the features of the structural reconstruction of blood vessels of the testes of experimental animals at arterial hypertension in the pulmonary circulation using a complex of morphological methods. Experiments were carried out on 78 laboratory sexually mature white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups. The 1 group included 15 intact practically healthy animals, 2 - 48 rats with hypertension in the pulmonary circulation and compensated cor pulmonale, 15 animals with pulmonary hypertension, which developed decompensation of cor pulmonale, constituted the 3 group. Arterial hypertension in the pulmonary circulation was simulated by performing a right-sided pulmonectomy. Three months after the beginning of the experiment, the rats were euthanized by bloodletting under thiopental anesthesia. Histological micropreparations were made from the testes, on which the morphometry of arteries, veins, and microvessels was performed. this website Quantitative indicators were processed statistically. It was revealed that postresection hypertension in the pulmonary circulation leads to structural reconstruction of arteries, microvessels, and the venous bed of the left and right testes. At the same time, the degree of remodeling of the studied vessels dominates in the microhemocirculatory bed of the left testis at decompensation of the cor pulmonale. Structural reconstruction of the vessels of the microhemocirculatory bed of the testes in case of insufficiency of the cor pulmonary is characterized by a pronounced narrowing of the arterioles, precapillary arterioles), exchange (hemocapillaries) links of the microhemocirculatory bed and the expansion of postcapillary venules and venules, venous plethora, hypoxia, impaired trophism and metabolism, dystrophy, necrobiosis of cells, tissues, infiltration and sclerosis.Research in recent years has shown that pulsating flow during cardiopulmonary bypass can prevent the development of a number of perfusion complications inherent in continuous blood flow. On the other hand, attempts to pulsate with roller and centrifugal pumps, which are structurally DC pumps, are fraught with complications. However, these pumps are clinically tested and are successfully used for the implementation of direct blood flow. The aim of the study was to develop and create a preclinical apparatus that transforms the flow of DC pumps into a pulsating one. We have developed an electronically controlled device (pulsator) that transforms the direct blood flow generated by roller or centrifugal pumps into a pulsating flow synchronized by the cardiogram. The pulsator was tested on the bench in various load modes. link2 Cardiosynchronized pulsating blood flow with circulatory support is able to effectively relieve the ventricular myocardium both in volume and pressure. The pulsator can be easily and easily installed on the operating table or on the perfusion device stand. The ability to control the pulsation frequency, systolic-diastolic duration, clear cardiosynchronization and the ability to control the onset and termination of the impulse can provide unloading of the myocardium in volume and pressure in experiments on animals in the mode of auxiliary circulation.Numerous experimental and clinical studies have shown that oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the development of epilepsy. The epileptic seizures themselves are caused by OS and, under conditions of a hypermetabolic state, cause an intensive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain. The reason for this is called a change in the energy balance in the brain. According to the literature, ROS and other markers of oxidative stress were observed in the brain after seizures. Based on the above data, the aim of our study was to study a short-term 5-day (5 min) inhalation of radonized water from Tskhaltubo using an epileptic model of the Krushinsky-Molotkin line in rats and to identify changes in markers of oxidative stress in rats. Predictors of oxidative stress were studied, PAT, D-ROM (reactive oxygen metabolite index), OBRI (oxidative stress balance risk index) and OSI (oxidative stress index) were evaluated to assess the antioxidant capacity of plasma. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that inhalation of Tskhaltubinsk water develops the effect of hormesis, which causes positive changes in all of the above markers of oxidative stress in the brain. Based on the data presented, inhalation of Tskhaltubo water can be considered as one of the methods for removing and treating convulsive phenomena, which is confirmed by experimental studies.The rapid development of molecular biology and genetic engineering contributes to the creation of plants with desired properties in a short time. One of the aspects of the study of genetically modified organisms (GMO) and genetically modified products (GMP) is the study of their impact on humans, animals and the environment. Subject of research - changes in the morph functional indicators of the reproductive system of mice. The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the importance of the reproductive system for the reproduction of a healthy generation, capable of developing normally and continuing its race. Purpose of the study - to identify the effect of GMOs on the reproductive system of mice. Cultivation of three groups of laboratory mice using transgenic feed (genetically modified soybean meal) and obtaining biological material for research. Determination of the presence of genetically modified sources (GMS), genetically modified organisms (GMO) in food and feed products using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Morphometric study of the obtained material and biometric data processing. It has been shown that the consumption of feed by animals prepared on the basis of genetically modified plants does not affect the reproductive functions of the parental generation; but at the same time there was an inhibition of the growth rate and the process of formation of the gonads of the descendants of the first and, especially, the second generation; the second generation of offspring, eating only soybean meal, had defective reproductive qualities and high mortality. link3 Second-generation mice eating genetically modified soybean meal are at greater risk than second-generation mice eating traditional diets.The aim of the research was to study experimentally the morphologic peculiarities of the granular tissue around the elements of the reticular allotransplant of the muscular aponeurotic layer of the anterior abdominal wall when using postoperative distant gamma therapy. The experiment has been done on 168 laboratory rats which were implanted with a prolenic mesh allograft into the tissues of muscular aponeurotic layer of the anterior abdominal wall. From the 13th to 19th day after the implantation of the reticular allograft, animals from the main group (96 rats) received irradiation of the site of the last one. Taking of the biological material was carried out on the 20th, 30th, 40th and 50th day after surgery. For optical research at histological examination the samples of biopsy were fixed in 10% neutral formalin. Paraffin sections were stained with hemotoxylin and eosin. To identify collagen fibres the method of histological sections' coloring was applied. The results of the research indicate that the use of distant gamma therapy after reticular allotransplant implantation leads to uneven maturation of the granulation tissue, its edema, probable decrease in the percentage of fibroblasts, increase of lymphoid cells as well as the appearance of plasma cells and macrophages on the 40th and 50th days of observation. At the histologic sections coloring with aquious blue-chromotrope B2, there is a predominance of the specific volume of collagen fibers and an increase in the specific volume of blood vessels on the 50th day of observation. Thus, the use of the postoperative radiotherapy at the plasty of the anterior abdominal wall with a reticular allograft leads to the distortion of the maturation process of the granular tissue, its edema, which shows itself in the probable reduction in the percentage of fibroblasts, increase in lymphoid cells, appearance of plasma cells and macrophages as well as prevalence of specific volume of collagen fibres, increase in the specific volume of vessels.
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