Notes

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This study seeks to investigate racial dynamics among clients in a female-only residential substance use disorder treatment facility in South Los Angeles and its effects on treatment experiences. Clients were interviewed about their interracial interactions, perceptions of clients of races and ethnicities different from their own and how racial dynamics might affect their experiences in treatment. Nine interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants recounted that racial differences do not play a significant role in their treatment experiences, although racial identities shape social group formation. Motivation to recover from addiction and other shared lived experiences facilitate interracial harmony.
Contemporary theories and the empirical literature stress the importance of successful resolution of alliance ruptures for the process and outcome of treatment. Yet, little empirical work has examined what leads to successful resolutions. The aim of the present study was to examine which patients are more likely to achieve successful resolutions of ruptures and under which circumstances.

Sixty-five patients completed measures assessing their trait-like pretreatment characteristics (alliance expectations and general attachment orientation), and state-like changes in treatment (working alliance, therapist serving as an attachment figure, and the implementation of common factor techniques). Successful resolutions were coded using observer behavioral coding at four time points.

State-like changes, but not trait-like characteristics significantly contributed to successful resolution. Stronger working alliance and the therapist as an attachment figure, and the implementation of common factors techniques were found to contribute to successful resolutions.

The current findings emphasize the importance of the process that occurs within treatment, and the therapeutic context in which the resolution process take place for the ability to achieve successful resolutions.
The current findings emphasize the importance of the process that occurs within treatment, and the therapeutic context in which the resolution process take place for the ability to achieve successful resolutions.Post treatment is a very competent and scalable approach to develop the higher water-flux and salt-rejection membrane since it does not require any change in existing manufacturing process. The virgin Thin Film Composite Reverse Osmosis (TFC-RO) membrane was exposed to various concentrations of Poly (ethylene Glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) after activation with sodium hypochlorite for 1 h. Crosslinkers modified membranes were characterized for degree of wettability by contact angle analyses, surface morphology and surface roughness study by Scanning electron micrographs and Atomic force micrographs, chemical structural modifications by Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy. These treatments resulted in improved membrane performance. 3500 mg/l PEGDA-treated membrane permeate flux increased by 48.7% and salt-rejection by 3.43%. 2000 mg/l EGDMA treated membrane demonstrated 46.13% increase in water-flux and 3.08% increase in salt-rejection as compared with virgin membrane. Organic fouling study indicated that fouling in PEGDA-treated membrane was significantly lower than virgin membrane. Heavy metal ion removal performances for Zinc and Chromium were also higher for modified membranes. Thus, the surface modification by crosslinkers led to increase in selectivity for certain metal ions and better antifouling performance as compared to virgin membrane.Recent research findings have strongly suggested that sport-related concussion (SRC) increases risk for subsequent injury of any type, as well as a potential for long-term adverse effects on neurological and psychological well-being. The primary purpose of this study was to explore the reliability and discriminatory power of clinical testing procedures for detecting persisting effects of SRC. We used a cross-sectional study design to assess both self-reported symptoms commonly associated with post-concussion syndrome, and the effects of mental or physical activity on metrics derived from a smartphone app designed to test perceptual-motor responses. Among 30 physically active college students, 15 participants reported a SRC occurrence prior to testing (M time-since-injury = 4.0 years, SD = 3.1, range = 5 months to 11 years). We found good test-retest reliability for key metrics derived from the smartphone app (ICC ≥ .70); and the internal consistency for the Overall Wellness Index (OWI) for 10 categories of 82 post-concussion symptoms was ideal (Cronbach's α ≥ .80). Moderate intensity treadmill running demonstrated the strongest differential effect on perceptual-motor responses between participants with a history of SRC (HxSRC) and those with no such history (No SRC), which was best represented by the speed-accuracy trade-off quantified by the inverse efficiency index (IEI group X trial interaction p = .055). Self-reported OWI symptoms ≥4 and post-physical activity IEI ≥ 568 ms provided the strongest discrimination between HxSRC and NoSRC participants (≥1 versus 0 OR = 9.75). Our findings suggest that persisting effects from a remote SRC occurrence can be detected by easily administered screening procedures that have the potential to identify individual athletes who might derive benefit from interventions to restore their optimal function and well-being.Previous studies have investigated the impact of exercisers' perceptions of health professionals' interpersonal behaviors on exercisers' exercise adherence. From these studies, there is increased interest in developing and evaluating programs to improve health professionals' communication skills and interpersonal behavior. In this narrative review, we provide examples of self-determination theory and newer modifications to it, discuss the empirical conditions that foster optimal exerciser motivation, consider the antecedent factors influencing health professionals' behaviors, and offer practical suggestions to health professionals seeking to promote regular exercise practice. Since exercisers perceive and differentiate health professionals' need-supportive, need-thwarting, and need-passive behaviors, health professionals who can critically and consciously distinguish these different types of behavior are more likely to foster supportive climates and suppress the use of need-thwarting and need-indifferent behaviors. The interpersonal interaction between health professionals and exercisers strongly influences how exercisers will regulate their behavior toward persistent exercise.The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) among children with cerebral palsy (CP) who were living in Tanzania. Two physiotherapy trainees, each blinded to the other's test findings, independently administered the TCMS to 38 children with CP (16 female; M age = 7.2, SD = 4.8 years) twice over sessions separated by a 30-day interval. We assessed internal consistency and intra/inter-rater reliability using Cronbach's alpha and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), respectively. We examined measurement error through Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC). We assessed construct validity with Spearman's correlation coefficient between the TCMS and both the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS). We found a frank floor effect. Internal consistency (α = 0.945) and reliability indices were excellent for the total scale (ICC for intra-rater reliability = 0.985, inter- reliability = 0.997) and for each sub-scale score. We found low values of SEM (1.7 points) and MDC (4.8 points). Construct validity was supported by moderate and strong correlations between the TCMS and the GMFCS and MACS in this sample. We conclude that the psychometric properties of the TMCS support its clinical and research use for youth with CP in low-income settings.Objective To study whether memory control beliefs predict response to memory training, or change as a result of participating in memory training. Methods Eighty community based participants with subjective memory complaints Community-based study at UCLA were randomized to one of three conditions Memory Training, the program consisted of weekly 120-minute classes featuring instruction in three specific strategies Method of Loci; Chunking Technique; and Face-Name Association, Health Education or Wait-List over seven weeks. All participants underwent pre- and 1-week post-intervention follow-up memory testing for recalling word lists (in serial order and any order) and face-name pairs. Memory control beliefs were assessed at baseline and follow-up using the Memory Controllability Inventory, which consists of four subscales; Present Ability; Potential Improvement; Effort Utility; and Inevitable Decrement. Results Sixty-three participants (mean age [SD] 68.3 [6.7] years) were included in the analysis. ANCOVA revealed significant group differences in the Present Ability subscale, F2,58 = 4.93, p =.01. Participants in the Memory Training group significantly improved on the Present Ability subscale compared to the Health Education group (mean difference =.96, SE =.31, p =.003, effect size = 0.93). From regression analyses, baseline Memory Controllability Inventory subscales did not significantly predict memory performance after memory training. Conclusions Baseline memory control beliefs did not predict memory performance following the intervention, but participating in memory training enhanced memory control beliefs about current memory function. These results suggest that participating in memory training can enhance confidence in one's memory ability.
The Epic Deterioration Index (EDI) is a proprietary prediction model implemented in over 100 U.S. hospitals that was widely used to support medical decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic. The EDI has not been independently evaluated, and other proprietary models have been shown to be biased against vulnerable populations.

To independently evaluate the EDI in hospitalized COVID-19 patients overall and in disproportionately affected subgroups.

We studied adult patients admitted with COVID-19 to non-ICU care at a large academic medical center from March 9 through May 20, 2020. We used the EDI, calculated at 15-minute intervals, to predict a composite outcome of ICU-level care, mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death. LY 3200882 ic50 In a subset of patients hospitalized for at least 48 hours, we also evaluated the ability of the EDI to identify patients at low risk of experiencing this composite outcome during their remaining hospitalization.

Among 392 COVID-19 hospitalizations meeting inclusion criteria, 103 ed by low sensitivity. These findings highlight the importance of independent evaluation of proprietary models before widespread operational use among COVID-19 patients.
We found the EDI identifies small subsets of high- and low-risk COVID-19 patients with good discrimination although its clinical utility as an early warning system is limited by low sensitivity. These findings highlight the importance of independent evaluation of proprietary models before widespread operational use among COVID-19 patients.
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