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The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of physical reproductions of plaster orthodontic study casts fabricated by two different rapid prototyping techniques Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and Digital Light Processing (DLP).

Twenty pairs of pretreatment plaster models were prepared from randomly selected patients at the Orthodontic Department, University of Damascus Dental School. Twenty-one reference points were placed on plaster models, followed by scanning and printing of these models using FDM and DLP techniques. Forty measurements were made on these models using a digital caliper. Paired t tests were used to detect significant differences in the measurements between the 3D printed replicas and the original plaster models (Gold Standard). Alpha level was adjusted due to the multiplicity of the tests.

The intraclass correlation coefficients for all the comparisons made between the 3D replicas and the gold standard models were greater than 0.80 with ICCs ranging from 0.802 to 0.990 and from 0.853 to 0.990 for the FDM and DLP techniques, respectively. This indicated an excellent agreement. No statistically significant differences could be detected between the 3D-printed models and their corresponding plaster models. The overall mean difference was -0.11 mm and 0.00 ranging from -0.49 to 0.17 mm and from -0.42 to 0.50 mm, for the FDM and DLP techniques, respectively.

The accuracy of the 3D models produced by the DLP and FDM techniques was acceptable. However, for the fabrication of clear aligners, the optimum fit of the produced plates in the patients' mouths is not completely guaranteed.
The accuracy of the 3D models produced by the DLP and FDM techniques was acceptable. However, for the fabrication of clear aligners, the optimum fit of the produced plates in the patients' mouths is not completely guaranteed.Parents' child feeding practices are influenced not only by family but also by a broader circle of networks, including online groups. Peer-to-peer platforms such as Facebook groups facilitate a learning environment and may influence the transmission of user-generated content into practice. These digital data not only benefit participants but also offer new opportunities for researchers to study related phenomena. Therefore, this study employs thematic content analysis to investigate peer-exchanging discourse conveyed in Facebook peer-support groups in children's diets in Thailand. To identify the area of interest, we classified and quantified the initial posts and investigated the relationship between initial posts' contents and community engagement. Thematic analysis was used to qualitatively describe the peer-exchanging content that responded to the initial posts. Of the five approved Facebook groups, 200 initial posts with their 1964 comments were extracted anonymously. Results revealed that Facebook groups devoted to diets for children have become a platform for Thai parents to seek informational and emotional support. The top-ranked initial posts were related to requesting knowledge and skills about age-appropriate food and meal preparation. Parents have also expressed anxiety about feeding and tension related to food fussiness which created the need for emotional support. Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate molecular weight Age-appropriate feeding, homemade baby foods, concerns about food seasonings and food allergy awareness were observable within online groups. However, a shift from traditional child feeding practices to new ideas created cultural gaps which lead to arguments in some families. Understanding these views would help guide to address parental concerns better.HLA-B*5571 has one nucleotide change from HLA-B*55020101 where histidine (3) is changed to tyrosine.The oxygen evolution reaction is critical to the efficiency of many energy technologies that store renewable electricity in chemical form. However, the rational design of high-performance and stable catalysts to drive this reaction remains a formidable challenge. Here, a facile ink-assisted strategy to construct a series of stable and advanced composite electrocatalysts with single Fe sites for permitting seriously improved performance characteristics is reported. As revealed by a suit of characterization techniques and theoretical methods, the improved electrocatalytic performance and stability can be attributed to the unique coordination states of Fe in the form of distorted FeO4 C and the interfacial effect in the composite system that optimize and stabilize single Fe sites in changing to better configurations for intermediates adsorption. The findings provide a novel strategy to in-depth understanding of practical guidelines for the electrocatalyst design for energy conversion devices.
Reestablishing continuity after the Hartmann procedure, the Hartmann reversal has been recognized as a complex procedure with a high morbidity rate. Laparoscopic reversal of the Hartmann procedure (LHR) is technically challenging, although good short-term results have been reported. We formulated this technique in 2013 and have been gradually devising and standardizing it.

Ten patients who had undergone the Hartmann procedure from January 2013 to December 2019 and subsequently LHR were retrospectively examined. link2 During the procedure, a circular incision was made at the original site of the colostomy to safely reach the abdominal cavity, and pneumoperitoneum was performed using the glove technique. Next, pelvic adhesions and the descending colon were dissected. If the rectal stump was difficult to identify, an intraoperative endoscope was used. Finally, either a Gambee or stapled anastomosis without tension was performed. The median surgical time was 265 minutes (range, 160-435 minutes), and the median blood loss was 100 mL (range, 10-700 mL). The median postoperative hospital stay was 11 days (range, 8-14 days). In one case, laparotomy was performed because of severe intra-abdominal adhesion.

No major complication was observed during or after surgery. Therefore, LHR can be performed safely. Standardizing this procedure could render it minimally invasive, although a high level of evidence is needed.
No major complication was observed during or after surgery. Therefore, LHR can be performed safely. Standardizing this procedure could render it minimally invasive, although a high level of evidence is needed.Melanoma is the deadliest of all skin cancers due to its high metastatic potential. link3 In recent years, advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy have contributed to a remarkable progress in the treatment of metastatic disease. However, intrinsic or acquired resistance to such therapies remains a major obstacle in melanoma treatment. Melanoma disease progression, beginning from tumor initiation and growth to acquisition of invasive phenotypes and metastatic spread and acquisition of treatment resistance, has been associated with cellular dedifferentiation and the hijacking of gene regulatory networks reminiscent of the neural crest (NC)-the developmental structure which gives rise to melanocytes and hence melanoma. This review summarizes the experimental evidence for the involvement of NC stem cell (NCSC)-like cell states during melanoma progression and addresses novel approaches to combat the emergence of stemness characteristics that have shown to be linked with aggressive disease outcome and drug resistance.
To investigate whether higher blood pressure and greater arterial stiffness are associated with the presence of macular cysts and whether this association is already present in the absence of micro-aneurysms in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes.

Using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), we performed a macular volume scan in 2647 individuals (mean age 60±8years, 50% men, 27% type 2 diabetes). The association between macular cysts and 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid distensibility was assessed by use of logistic regression.

Twenty-four hours systolic blood pressure was associated with the presence of macular cysts [OR=1.03 (95% CI 1.00-1.05) per 1mmHg, p=0.03]. 24hr pulse pressure [OR=1.61 (95% CI 1.11-2.34) per 10mmHg, p=0.01] and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [OR=1.16 (95% CI 1.02-1.32) per 1m/s, p=0.02] were associated with macular cysts, while carotid distensibility was not [OR=1.03 (95% CI 0.96-1.11) per 1.0*10
/kPa, p=0.45]. Associations were similar in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes and were already present in the absence of micro-aneurysms.

Twenty-four hours systolic blood pressure, 24hr pulse pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity are associated with the presence of OCT-detected macular cysts in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes, even in the absence of micro-aneurysms. Therefore, blood pressure and aortic stiffness are potential factors contributing to macular cysts.
Twenty-four hours systolic blood pressure, 24 hr pulse pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity are associated with the presence of OCT-detected macular cysts in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes, even in the absence of micro-aneurysms. Therefore, blood pressure and aortic stiffness are potential factors contributing to macular cysts.3M syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by severe growth retardation, dysmorphic facial features, skeletal dysplasia, and normal intelligence. Variants in CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8 genes have been reported to be responsible for this syndrome. In this study, the clinical and molecular findings of four 3M syndrome cases from three families are presented. All cases had growth retardation, relative macrocephaly, and typical dysmorphic facial features. Their neurological developments were normal. Sequencing of CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8 genes revealed two different novel homozygous variants in CUL7 in Families 1 and 3 and a previously reported homozygous pathogenic variant in OBSL1 in Family 2. In conclusion, a comprehensive dysmorphological evaluation should be obtained in individuals presenting with short stature and in such individuals with typical facial and skeletal findings, 3M syndrome should be considered. Our report expands the genotype of 3M syndrome and emphasizes the importance of thorough physical and dysmorphological examination.Rare diseases comprise a diverse group of conditions, most of which involve genetic causes. We describe the variable spectrum of findings and clinical impacts of exome sequencing (ES) in a cohort of 500 patients with rare diseases. In total, 164 primary findings were reported in 158 patients, representing an overall diagnostic yield of 31.6%. Most of the findings (61.6%) corresponded to autosomal dominant conditions, followed by autosomal recessive (25.6%) and X-linked (12.8%) conditions. These patients harbored 195 variants, among which 43.6% are novel in the literature. The rate of molecular diagnosis was considerably higher for prenatal samples (67%; 4/6), younger children (44%; 24/55), consanguinity (50%; 3/6), gastrointestinal/liver disease (44%; 16/36) and syndromic/malformative conditions (41%; 72/175). For 15.6% of the cohort patients, we observed a direct potential for the redirection of care with targeted therapy, tumor screening, medication adjustment and monitoring for disease-specific complications.
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