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circ_VMA21 shields WI-38 cells versus LPS-induced apoptotic and -inflammatory injury through acting on your miR-409-3p/KLF4 axis.
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Higher homologues of dibenzo[ c , e ][1,2]dithiin are synthesized from oligophenyls bearing multiple methylthio groups. Single-crystal X-ray ana-lyses reveal their non-planar structures and helical enantiomers of higher meta -congener 6 . Such [1,2]dithiin homologues are demonstrated to be applicable to lithium-ion bat--teries as cathode, displaying a high capacity of 118 mAh g -1 at a current density of 50 mA g -1 . © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.OBJECTIVES This study's purpose was to evaluate the yield and utility of routine use of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA) for prenatal genetic diagnosis in a large cohort of pregnancies with normal Ultrasound (US), termed low risk pregnancies, compared to pregnancies with abnormal US findings, termed high risk pregnancies. METHODS We reviewed all prenatal CMA results in our center between November 2013 and December 2018. The prevalence of the different CMA results in the Low Risk Pregnancies was compared with CMA results in the high risk pregnancies. Prevalence of the different CMA results in the groups were stratified according to specific indications for testing. We also searched medical records in order to evaluate subsequent US follow-up and the outcome of pregnancies in the low risk pregnancies with clinically significant abnormal CMA results. RESULTS In a cohort of 6431 CMAs performed in low risk pregnancies the prevalence of clinically significant early onset abnormal CMA results was 1.12% (72/6431), significantly lower than the prevalence in high risk pregnancies (4.98%, 66/1326). Some 0.42% (27/6431) of the low risk pregnancies had pathogenic or likely pathogenic Copy Number Variation (CNV) and another 0.7% (45/6431) had a susceptibility locus with more than 10% penetrance. Follow-up of the pregnancies revealed that 32% (23/72) of pregnancies were terminated when there was a clinically significant early onset CNV. In 17% (12/72) of these pregnancies US abnormalities were discovered later on, after genetic testing was performed. CONCLUSION Albeit lower than observed in high risk pregnancies, the background risk of identifying an abnormal clinically significant CMA result in pregnancies at a low a priori risk for these findings is substantial, and should be conveyed to all pregnant women. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. AZD9291 manufacturer This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.INTRODUCTION/AIM Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs)-E consist of a family of more than 1,300 elements, stably integrated in the human genome. Some of them are able to generate full-length virions and to synthesize the viral proteins gag, pol and env. The reactivation of HERV-E elements has been associated to placentation, cancer and autoimmunity. In this narrative review we aimed to report the status of the art concerning the involvement of HERV-E in rheumatic autoimmune diseases. METHODS/RESULTS Following a research on PubMed database, a total of 90 articles were selected. The highest amount of evidence derives from studies on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), whereas a few to no data are available on other immune-mediated diseases. In SLE, the hyper-expression of HERV-E clone 4-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells or differentiated lymphocytes has been associated to disease activity and autoantibody production. CONCLUSION It is likely that HERV-E take part to the pathogenesis of rheumatic autoimmune diseases but additional research is needed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) was first introduced back in 1983 aiming to provide better access to the difficult rectal tumours [1]. Buess et al in there article described all the additional instrumentation needed for the procedure. Now TEM has these indications large endoscopically irremovable benign polyps (previously we have showed that the giant size is not a contraindication [2]), tumours located 3 to 12 cm in the rectum, lesions occupying less than 40% of the circumference of the bowel lumen. It is also advised for early rectal cancer if lesions are smaller than 3 cm, anatomically accessible lesions localized to the bowel wall (T1N0), well-differentiated or moderately differentiated (G1 and G2) lesions, lesions not associated with lymphovascular invasion. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Astrocytes are non-neuronal cells that govern the homeostatic regulation of the brain through ions and water transport, and Ca2+ -mediated signaling. As they are tightly integrated into neural networks, label-free tools that can modulate cell function are needed to evaluate the role of astrocytes in brain physiology and dysfunction. Using live-cell fluorescence imaging, pharmacology, electrophysiology, and genetic manipulation, we show that pulsed infrared light can modulate astrocyte function through changes in intracellular Ca2+ and water dynamics, providing unique mechanistic insight into the effect of pulsed infrared laser light on astroglial cells. Water transport is activated and, IP3 R, TRPA1, TRPV4, and Aquaporin-4 are all involved in shaping the dynamics of infrared pulse-evoked intracellular calcium signal. These results demonstrate that astrocyte function can be modulated with infrared light. We expect that targeted control over calcium dynamics and water transport will help to study the crucial role of astrocytes in edema, ischemia, glioma progression, stroke, and epilepsy. © 2020 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.Venous injuries during elective colorectal surgery result in significant morbidity and mortality.(1) . In the minimally invasive era, the management of major vascular injuries represents a formidable challenge to the surgeon particularly if open laparotomy is to be avoided. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Videomicroscopy can be used to observe skin capillaries easily and non-invasively. In this study, we develop an algorithm that can handle skin regions by combining color component separation methods as pre-processing based on blood vessel extraction filtering. MATERIALS AND METHODS Images of skin on the inner upper arm were acquired using videomicroscopy. An algorithm using independent component analysis (ICA) and the Frangi filter was constructed, and capillary regions were extracted. The capillary blood vessel extraction images were compared with ground truth to verify accuracy. An evaluation of the physiological responses of skin exposed to carbon dioxide (CO2 ) water, local heating, and methyl nicotinate was performed to test blood vessels with different mechanisms of action and layer depth. RESULTS Based on a comparison with ground truth images, a Dice coefficient of 0.82 was calculated. In examining physiological responses to stimuli on the skin, it was found that exposure to CO2 for 2 minutes significantly increased the capillary area compared with the steady state.
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