Notes

Edge-Rich Bicrystalline 1T/2H-MoS2 Cocatalyst-Decorated 110 Terminated CeO2 Nanorods regarding Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.
The principal AA BH risk factor is age, followed by cSS, MB, Apolipoprotein E gen ε2 and ε4 alleles, HT and the use of antithrombotics. This condition has a high recurrence rate that shares the same risk factors. There is no specific treatment for AA BH. It has a better prognosis than HT BH during the acute period, but worse on the long term, due to its high recurrence rate and cognitive impairment.
A health system is successful when it maintains a healthy population and provides health services that are effective, equitable and safe.

To design a system based on specific indicators to monitor equity in health care access in Chile.

Primary information about five dimensions of access to health was collected, namely health policies, characteristics of the health system, characteristics of the population at risk, utilization of health services and consumer satisfaction. Subsequently, inequalities in access between different social groups were identified. Finally, after collecting and filtering access indicators used in other systems and existing literature, the most relevant ones were selected to monitor each identified barrier.

A system composed of 26 indicators, classified in the five dimensions of the framework was devised. It allows us to monitor those barriers with a greater impact on the population. For some specific indicators, population groups were disaggregated to carry out specific surveillances.

The design of a multidimensional monitoring system for health access allows us to complement measures usually focused on a specific concept of access (such as utilization, coverage, etc.) with other dimensions. It includes those barriers that are relevant for the Chilean population. It also allows comparisons with other health systems and the generation of evidence to improve public policies.
The design of a multidimensional monitoring system for health access allows us to complement measures usually focused on a specific concept of access (such as utilization, coverage, etc.) with other dimensions. It includes those barriers that are relevant for the Chilean population. It also allows comparisons with other health systems and the generation of evidence to improve public policies.
Water is an essential nutrient for cellular homeostasis and life. Drinking ≥ 6 glasses (1.5 L/day) is the recommendation of daily water intake (RIAD).

To characterize water intake, according to sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyles variables, in the Chilean adult population.

Analysis of data from 5,520 participants of the 2016-17 National Health Survey. Compliance with RIAD by population groups according to sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle characteristics was studied through logistic regression analyses.

Only 27.8% of the national population met the RIAD. Women, people over than 56 years of age, housewives, retired people, widowers, and non-smokers were less likely to meet the RIAD. The likelihood of not complying with RIAD in these segments of the population ranged from 28% to 62%. Conversely, participants who presented a higher likelihood of meeting RIAD were those who co-habiting, had a medium and higher educational level, followed a diet plan, and those who reported a good health and well-being. The likelihood of meeting with the RIAD for these population groups ranged from 47% to 116%.

The likelihood of meeting the RIAD varied according to different sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle variables. Therefore, public policies for promoting water consumption should be focused on all age groups, but especially in those groups with the highest risk of underconsumption.
The likelihood of meeting the RIAD varied according to different sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle variables. Therefore, public policies for promoting water consumption should be focused on all age groups, but especially in those groups with the highest risk of underconsumption.
The statistical significance α = 0.05 is the cut-off point used to decide whether a hypothesis is statistically significant. When p-value is less than 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis. Although this criterion has been used for almost a century to generate new knowledge, there is currently an international discussion about the need to decrease the significance to α = 0.005.

To determine the effects that changing the p value would have on the sample size of different types of studies.

A series of formulas for calculating the sample size of cross-sectional and comparative studies were used to create case scenarios.

By changing α = 0.05 to α = 0.005, the sample sizes in cross-sectional studies would double and in comparative studies would increase between 60% and 70%, depending on the statistical power chosen.

Considering the sample size implications, the change in the level of significance would have important effects on the Chilean science. The cost of a randomized clinical trial could increase by at least 27% to 32%. This increase could be similar for cross-sectional studies. With an investment of less than 0.4% of gross domestic product in science and technology, national scientific research would become more expensive, distributing the few available resources among fewer projects. This effect should be considered in any discussion about national budget for science and technology.
Considering the sample size implications, the change in the level of significance would have important effects on the Chilean science. The cost of a randomized clinical trial could increase by at least 27% to 32%. This increase could be similar for cross-sectional studies. With an investment of less than 0.4% of gross domestic product in science and technology, national scientific research would become more expensive, distributing the few available resources among fewer projects. This effect should be considered in any discussion about national budget for science and technology.
Among older people, physical exercise improves cognitive function, aerobic fitness, and thus functional independence.

To determine the effects of a walking training program on aerobic fitness and cognitive function in older women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

An experimental study was carried out in 76 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged between 64 and 78 years. Thirty-eight women in the exercise group (EG) participated in a controlled walking program 3 times a week for 48 sessions (60min /day) and 38 women in the control group (CG) were not trained. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and cognitive function using the Minimental test were evaluated at baseline and the end of the intervention.

The Minimental test improved significantly in the exercise group and did not change in the control group. Estimated VO-2max improved in women aged between 69 and 78 years. The distance walked in 6 minutes increased in all women of the experimental group. No changes in these parameters were observed in the control group.

A structured walking program improved cognitive function, estimated aerobic capacity, and walking distance in these diabetic women.
A structured walking program improved cognitive function, estimated aerobic capacity, and walking distance in these diabetic women.
Weight regain (WR) after bariatric surgery is common. Several factors involved in WR have been identified, but there has been little research on specific eating habits such as eating snacks rather than regular meals and being a "sweet-eater".

To determine whether nutritional status, energy and macronutrient intake, eating behaviors and habits were associated with WR in the postoperative period.

We conducted a case-control study of patients who had undergone bariatric surgery. Cases were defined as those patients who gained ≥ 15% of weight in the first two years after surgery and controls as those who gained < 15% of weight. selleck chemicals llc Participants completed a 24-hour dietary recall by phone; weight history was obtained from the medical chart. Logistic regression was used to identify nutritional and behavioral factors significantly related to WR.

Fifty-four cases (77% female, 57% had undergone sleeve gastrectomy) and 50 controls (70% female, 58% had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery) participated. Their mean age was 43 and 40 years, respectively. We observed four eating and lifestyle habits independently associated with greater odds of post-surgery WR, namely being a "sweet-eater", a "grazer", sedentarism and consuming more daily calories.

Eating more daily calories, being a "sweet-eater", a "grazer", and sedentarism were factors related with a greater risk of regaining weight after surgery.
Eating more daily calories, being a "sweet-eater", a "grazer", and sedentarism were factors related with a greater risk of regaining weight after surgery.
In our country, transplantation centers differ in the age limit for allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation (ALOHT). In our program, transplants with age- adjusted conditioning are performed in patients until 70 years old. Currently more than 60% of ALOHT reported to the Center for International Bone Marrow Transplantation Research (CIBMTR) are performed in patients older than 40 years.

To report our experience with ALOHT in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), analyzing patient age at transplantation in different periods and transplant results in different age groups.

A retrospective analysis of the database of adult hematopoietic transplants in AML patients was performed. Demographic data, disease characteristics, transplant data, survival and relapse times, and mortality were collected.

In our program, 1030 transplants were performed in adults and 119 ALOHT were performed in AML patients, between 1990 and 2020. The median age of patients in all periods was 41 years, (range 16-69). The median age was 33 and 45 years, in the periods 1990-2000 and 2000-2020 respectively (p < 0.01). Seventy-eight patients received myeloablative conditioning (median age 44 years) and 41 reduced intensity conditioning (median age 53 years). Five-year overall survival was 44.6% (confidence intervals (CI) 41-48). Non relapse mortality of all periods was 19% (CI 17 - 40%) and relapse rate was 17 % (CI 16-22). No difference in five years overall survival among patients younger than 40, 41 to 50 and over 51 years was observed.

Overall Survival, non-relapse mortality and relapse rate were similar in younger and older patients in our program and similar to those previously reported in other centers.
Overall Survival, non-relapse mortality and relapse rate were similar in younger and older patients in our program and similar to those previously reported in other centers.
Guidelines recommend estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using creatinine-based equations (CBE).

To evaluate the agreement between GFR measured using radionuclide imaging and estimated using creatinine-based equations.

In 421 patients aged 54 ± 17 years (47% women) GFR was estimated using the MDRD-4, CKD-EPI and the body surface adjusted Cockroft Gault equation. GFR was also measured using a radionuclide imaging method with 99mTc-DTPA. The concordance between estimated and measured GFR was calculated using Lin's concordance coefficient and Bland and Altman plots.

Average GFR values obtained with CKD-EPI, MDRD-4, body surface adjusted Cockroft Gault equation and 99mTc-DTPA imaging were 75.9 ± 26.6, 76.3 ± 28.8, 77.1 ± 31.6 and 77.9 ± 28.4 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. There was no significant difference in means and 29% of participants had a GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 by CKD-EPI. The correlation was good between equations, but acceptable when compared with the 99mTc-DTPA imaging. The weighted kappa between CBEs was good, but low when comparing CBEs with measured GFR.
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