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n categories in North China and ultimately serve as references for other highly polluted megacities in the world. BACKGROUND The current evidence has presented mixed results between air pollutants exposure and the progression of tuberculosis (TB). learn more The purpose of this study was to explore the association between short-term exposure to air pollutants and the risk of TB outpatient visits in Hefei, China. METHODS Time-series analysis was used to assess the effect of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants on the risk of TB outpatient visits. A Poisson generalized linear regression model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was applied to explore the association. The effects of different gender (male, female), age (≤65 years old, >65 years old) and season (cold season, warm season) on the risk of TB were investigated by stratified analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of our findings. RESULTS A total of 22,749 active TB cases were identified from November 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018 in Hefei. The overall exposure-response curve showed that the concentration of particulaf NO2 exposure remained statistically significant in male, younger, and cold season subgroups. Besides, elderly people are more susceptible to PM2.5 exposure. CONCLUSION This study suggests that exposure to PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and O3 are associated with the risk of TB outpatient visits. Seasonal variation may have a greater impact on the risk of TB outpatient visits compared with gender and age. Ambient air pollution has been a major concern in China due to its effect on population health. Exposure to ambient air pollution has negative impact on animal reproduction and fertility, however, its effect on human reproduction has been inconclusive. We conducted a retrospective study on in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients from Chengdu, Sichuan Province in western China, a city with persistent ambient air pollution. We analyzed the medical records of 1139 patients who underwent first conventional IVF cycles during 2014-2019. The relationship between six atmospheric pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, CO) and IVF pregnancy outcomes were assessed by 1) stratification of maternal age into three groups ( less then 35, 35-39, ≥40 years), and by 2) averaging pollutant concentration during different exposure windows. The results indicate that the association between ambient air pollution and IVF pregnancy outcomes (biochemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy) is more significant for women in less then 35 years age group. Concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2 and CO are negatively associated with the odds of biochemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy, and concentration of CO in particular is associated with the largest reduction in odds. Conversely, O3 concentration is positively associated with biochemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy. Moreover, pollutant concentration during long-term exposure window is associated with larger magnitude of change in the odds of biochemical pregnancy and clinical pregnancy. Findings from this study suggest that exposure to ambient air pollution during any period within the IVF treatment timeline would influence IVF pregnancy outcomes, and such influence is more pronounced in younger women ( less then 35 years). Soils in large areas of China are enriched in fluorine (F). The present study analyzed F concentrations in cultivated soil, water, chemical fertilizer, and human hair, and metal concentrations in soils from an endemic fluorosis area in Southwest, China. In order to reveal the effects of industry on F concentration in the environment, 3 towns mainly with agriculture production and another 3 towns with developed phosphorus chemical industry in a same city were selected for sample collection. The total F concentrations of the 277 surface agricultural soil samples were 378.79-1576.13 μg g-1, and F concentrations of nearly 95% of the soil samples were higher than the Chinese average topsoil F concentration (480 μg g-1). Only a small fraction (0.75%) of total F was water soluble. The average total F, water soluble F, Ca, Cr, Fe, K, Mn, Rb, and Sr concentrations in soil samples from towns with intensive industry were higher than those from towns mainly with agriculture. Significant correlations were found between soil pH with total F (p less then 0.01) and with water soluble F concentration (p less then 0.1). Low F concentrations ( less then 0.5 mg L-1) were found in irrigation water, well water and tap water in a town where the industry is dense. The phosphorus fertilizer and compound fertilizer had hundreds of times of contribution to soil F increment than the nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. Nearly half percent of F in the human hair samples was of exogenic origin. Based on soil ingestion pathway, the health risk for adults exposure to F in soils was acceptable, however, F may pose possible health risks to children in high F concentration areas. Immunomodulation has become a promising and growing field of cancer research. Compelling results from a variety of studies provide strong evidence for the importance of commensal bacteria on oncologic outcomes and response to antitumor immunotherapies. The gut microbiome has emerged as a new prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of initial deployment orientation of SAPIEN 3, Evolut, and ACURATE-neo transcatheter heart valves on their final orientation and neocommissural overlap with coronary arteries. BACKGROUND Coronary artery access and redo transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) following initial TAVR may be influenced by transcatheter heart valve orientation. In this study the impact of transcatheter heart valve deployment orientation on commissural alignment was evaluated. METHODS Pre-TAVR computed tomography and procedural fluoroscopy were analyzed in 828 patients who underwent TAVR (483 SAPIEN 3, 245 Evolut, and 100 ACURATE-neo valves) from March 2016 to September 2019 at 5 centers. Coplanar fluoroscopic views were coregistered to pre-TAVR computed tomography to determine commissural alignment. Severe overlap between neocommissural posts and coronary arteries was defined as 0° to 20° apart. The SAPIEN 3 had 1 commissural post crimped at 3, 6, 9, and 12 o'clock.
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