Notes

Trikoveramides A-C, cyclic depsipeptides through the marine cyanobacterium Symploca hydnoides.
The respective mean preoperative pure-tone average 4, speech reception threshold, and word recognition score values were 56.7 dB, 61.7 dB, and 44%. Postoperative pure-tone average 4 thresholds (25 ± 3.5 dB) and speech reception thresholds (20.8 ± 8 dB) were significantly improved. The maximum postoperative word recognition score achieved was 100%. The audiological outcomes obtained were similar to previously reported outcomes after classic stapes placement.

Coupling of the floating mass transducer to the short process of the incus in patients with aural atresia resulted in significant audiological improvements that were comparable to previously reported improvements after placement via other methods.
Coupling of the floating mass transducer to the short process of the incus in patients with aural atresia resulted in significant audiological improvements that were comparable to previously reported improvements after placement via other methods.
To identify differences in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain value and the peak saccade velocity in the suppression video head impulse test paradigms according to the age of the subject and the direction of the impulse.

Retrospective chart analysis.

Tertiary referral hospital.

Between October 2017 and May 2019, we enrolled subjects who had previous histories of dizziness but no dizziness over the last 1 month.

We conducted cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential and caloric tests, as well as video head impulse tests. We excluded the subjects who had abnormal cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential results (asymmetry ratio of greater than 30%) and abnormal caloric test results (caloric paresis of greater than 25%).

We included 647 subjects aged 10 to 87 years. The mean VOR gain and peak saccade velocity were maintained in subjects less than 70 years old (VOR gain, 0.991 ± 0.08, peak saccade velocity, 348.47 ± 142.32). However, the decreases in VOR gain and peak saccade velocity were significant in subjects over 70 years old (VOR gain, 0.928 ± 0.09, peak saccade velocity, 315.51 ± 0.09; p < 0.001). The mean VOR gain of the rightward impulse (1.00 ± 0.09) was higher than the leftward impulse (0.96 ± 0.08, p < 0.001).

Both the VOR gain and peak saccade velocity of suppression video head impulse test paradigms declined with increasing age over 70 years. In addition, the VOR gain of the rightward impulse was higher than the leftward impulse in the right-eye recordings.
Both the VOR gain and peak saccade velocity of suppression video head impulse test paradigms declined with increasing age over 70 years. In addition, the VOR gain of the rightward impulse was higher than the leftward impulse in the right-eye recordings.
To investigate the prevalence and risk of subsequent dementia in subjects with sudden hearing loss during a 7-year follow-up period through comparisons with cohorts matched by sex, age group, and year of index date.

A retrospective matched-cohort study.

The Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 (LHID2000) in Taiwan.

This study included a total of 11,148 subjects, including 1,858 in the study group and 9,290 in the comparison cohort group.

None.

We analyzed the differences in sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities between subjects with sudden hearing loss and the comparison cohort group. Then, we estimated the risk of dementia and also plotted the survival outcomes to evaluate differences in dementia-free survival rates between the two groups.

The dementia incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 20.45 and 8.15 for the subjects with sudden hearing loss and comparison cohorts, respectively. When we adjusted for the subjects' characteristics, the hazard ratio for dementia was 1.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-2.68, p < 0.01) for subjects with sudden hearing loss compared with comparison cohorts during the follow-up period, and subjects with sudden hearing loss had lower 7-year dementia-free survival rates compared with comparison cohorts by using a log-rank test. Furthermore, male subjects with sudden hearing loss had a higher risk of dementia (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.11) than did the male comparison cohorts.

This study revealed a relationship between sudden hearing loss and dementia in an Asian country. The risk of dementia was higher among patients with sudden hearing loss compared with matched cohorts during the 7-year follow-up period.
This study revealed a relationship between sudden hearing loss and dementia in an Asian country. The risk of dementia was higher among patients with sudden hearing loss compared with matched cohorts during the 7-year follow-up period.
Patients with unilateral deafness and residual hearing on the contralateral ear can benefit from a cochlear implant (CI) on one side and a hearing aid (HA) on the other. However, hearing improvement among these patients is heterogenous. Interindividual differences in bimodal benefit may be caused by a mismatch of CI and HA. The aim of this study was to clinically apply a HA fitting strategy and to evaluate hearing outcome with and without a dedicated bimodal fitting formula.

Prospective non-randomized study.

Tertiary referral center.

Twelve patients using a CI processor and a conventional HA were enrolled. Before and after the new HA had been adjusted to the patient and linked to the CI, pure-tone audiometry and localization tests were performed. Speech perception was determined in quiet and noise. Tests were repeated after 6 and 12 weeks. To evaluate the subjective listening comfort two questionnaires (Oldenburg Inventory and HISQUI19) were assessed.

Therapeutic.

Word recognition in quiet, sentence recognition in noise. Speech perception in noise improved significantly directed suppression of noise helped to segregate the target speech signal from a mixture of sounds or competing speakers. Evaluation of the questionnaires revealed a positive subjective hearing experience compared with patients' initial settings of the devices.

By linking CI and HA hearing and speech perception can be improved. However, good counselling at the outset is essential to obtain enhanced outcome.
By linking CI and HA hearing and speech perception can be improved. However, good counselling at the outset is essential to obtain enhanced outcome.
A terra cotta plaque [LMU 2551] from the Neo-Babylonian period (c.629-539 BCE), housed in the museum of the Archaeology Center at Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, is a representation of right peripheral facial paralysis.

Ancient representations of pathology are rare and often difficult to identify. This is particularly true of Assyrian-Babylonian cultures where, despite numerous surviving medical texts, artistic examples of disease are almost non-existent.

Precise caliper measurements and archaeological analysis of LMU 2551 were used to confirm the authors' hypothesis.

The facial distortions portrayed in LMU 2551 are not accidental. Measurements show a pronounced asymmetry of the lower face where the length from the mid-philtrum to the oral commissure and from the lateral edge of the ala nasi to the mid-ipsilateral nasolabial fold are twice as long in the left than in the right side. The left eye is closed, whereas the right is widely open.

The described plaque is among the oldest representations of facial paralysis on record. It correlates with contemporary Babylonian texts describing neurological disorders but its function is unknown.
The described plaque is among the oldest representations of facial paralysis on record. Bay 11-7085 It correlates with contemporary Babylonian texts describing neurological disorders but its function is unknown.
To determine the limits of visualization during transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (EES) by correlating the relationship between radiologic and endoscopic anatomy using angled optics.

Radiology and endoscopic visualization of tensor fold, protympanum, facial sinus (FS), sinus tympani (ST), subtympanic sinus (STS), hypotympanum, and aditus ad antrum were analyzed using a transcanal approach in 30 human temporal bones specimens with different angled endoscopes (0 degree, 45 degrees, 70 degrees) to check for the full visualization of these regions. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) was performed prior to dissection to classify retrotympanic anatomy. According to previously published descriptions, FS, ST, and STS were classified into types A, B, and C depending on their morphology relative to the mastoid segment of the facial nerve. These radiologic findings were compared to endoscopic visualization of these same structures using a Chi-squared test.

Visualization of the posterior wall of three differemiddle ear can be achieved using angled endoscopes (45 degrees and 70 degrees). We observed a statistically significant association of endoscopic visualization to radiologic description of the retrotympanum on CT and the optical angle used. The prediction of the endoscopic exposure of the retrotympanum from the preoperative CT is possible. Even with the use of 70 degrees lens, retrotympanum is not fully visualized on transcanal endoscopy if a type C retrotympanic recesses (posterior and medial to the facial nerve) is present. This represents a technical limit of exclusive transcanal EES.
To define the relationships among ear preference strength, audiometric interaural asymmetry magnitude, and hearing impairment.

Prospective, cross-sectional.

Academic audiology clinic.

Adults.

Diagnostic.

Patient-reported ear preference strength using a seven-category preference (no preference; left or right somewhat, strongly, or completely) scheme, hearing disability level on the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing scale, and audiometric interaural threshold asymmetry were analyzed in three study cohorts 1) normal hearing (thresholds ≤ 25 dB, n = 66), 2) symmetric hearing loss (any single threshold > 25 dB, n = 81), and 3) asymmetric hearing loss (maximum average interaural threshold difference at any two adjacent frequencies (IThrDmax2)≥ 15 dB, n = 112).

Receiver operating characteristic curves for somewhat, strongly, and completely ear preference levels using IThrDmax2 cutoff values at 15, 30, and 45 dB showed good to excellent classifier performance (all curve areas ≥ 0.84). The mapping of ear preference strength to the most likely IThrDmax2 range by odds ratio analysis demonstrated no preference (< 15 dB), somewhat (15-29 dB), strongly (30-44 dB), and completely (≥ 45 dB). Complete dependence on one ear was associated with the most severe degradation in spatial hearing function.

Categorical ratings of ear preference strength may be mapped to ranges of audiometric threshold asymmetry magnitude and spatial hearing disability level. Querying ear preference strength in routine clinical practice would enable practitioners to identify patients with asymmetric hearing more expeditiously and promote timely evaluation and treatment.
Categorical ratings of ear preference strength may be mapped to ranges of audiometric threshold asymmetry magnitude and spatial hearing disability level. Querying ear preference strength in routine clinical practice would enable practitioners to identify patients with asymmetric hearing more expeditiously and promote timely evaluation and treatment.
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