Notes

Pattern involving internet use for pregnancy-related information and it is predictors between women traveling to main medical inside Qatar: a cross-sectional research.
which is able to reflect CVR impairment. At the same time, we offer a better understanding of the relationship between BOLD CVR and CBF obtained from ASL.
Previous studies have hypothesized that intracranial aneurysm (IA) morphology interacts with hemodynamic conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a single image modality solution for both morphological and hemodynamic measurements for IA. This study aimed to explore the interaction between the morphology and hemodynamics of IA using black-blood MRI (BB-MRI) and 4D flow MRI.

A total of 97 patients with unruptured IA were recruited for this study. read more The IA size, size ratio (SR), and minimum wall thickness (mWT) were measured using BB-MRI. Velocity, blood flow, pulsatility index (PI), and wall shear stress (WSS) were measured with 4D flow MRI. The relationship between hemodynamic parameters and morphological indices was investigated by linear regression analysis and unpaired two-sample
-test. To determine the independent interaction, multiple linear regression analysis was further performed.

The findings showed that mWT was negatively correlated with IA size (r=-0.665, P<0.001). Maximum blomprehensive understanding of the mechanism of IA.
Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent multifactorial osteometabolic disease, classically diagnosed,
, by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This study evaluated osteoporosis,
, using vibro-acoustography (VA), an elastographic technique based on ultrasound radiation force.

Three groups of mice femurs were used (I) control group (CG), (II) osteoporosis group (OG) and (III) treated osteoporosis group (TOG), in which the animals received pamidronate, an antiresorptive drug. Evaluation was performed in an acoustic tank, using two high frequency focused beams produced by a confocal ultrasonic transducer. A hydrophone registered the low frequency acoustic response (AR) of bone samples. We used micro-computed tomography (microCT) as the reference standard and evaluated the correlation between VA and microCT parameters.

The spectral analyses of the ARs with estimated area under the curve (AUC) values (mean; st. dev.) were, respectively, 1.29e
and 9.32e
for the CG, 3.25e
and 2.16e
for the OG, and 1.50e
and 8.37e
for the TOG. VA differentiated the experimental groups (P<0.01) and the results were reproducible [interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.43 (95% CI 0.15-0.71)]. There was also a statistically significant association between VA and microCT connectivity (Conn.) (r=0.80; P<0.01) and connectivity density (Conn. D) (r=0.76; P<0.01).

These results encourage further studies aimed at evaluating the potential use of VA for the diagnosis of osteoporosis as a relatively low-cost and radiation-free alternative to DXA.
These results encourage further studies aimed at evaluating the potential use of VA for the diagnosis of osteoporosis as a relatively low-cost and radiation-free alternative to DXA.
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver tumor, and local radiotherapy has a positive effect on patients with an unresectable tumor. Accurate delineation of gross tumor volume (GTV) is crucial to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the consistency of CT, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and Gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI on GTV delineation of ICC.

Fourteen patients with ICC underwent CT (Plain and Portal, CT scans before and 70 s after the injection of Omnipaque, respectively), DWI, and Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI (EOB 70 s and EOB 15 min, mDIXON scans at 70 s and 15 min after the injection of Gd-EOB-DTPA, respectively) examinations before radiotherapy. Volumes of GTV delineation on CT and MRI images were recorded. Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was calculated to evaluate the spatial overlap.

Tumor volume on DWI and EOB 15 min were larger than that on EOB 70 s significantly (both P=0.004). DSC of DWI was significantly larger than that of other CT and MRI sequences (all P≤0.002). DSC of EOB 15 min tended to be larger than that of other CT sequences and EOB 70 s, however, without significances (all P>0.005). Significant correlation was found between DSC and tumor volume (R=0.35, P=0.003).

DWI had significantly higher agreement on GTV delineation of ICC. GTV delineations of ICC on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI showed excellent inter-observer agreement. Fusion of CT and MRI images should be considered to improve the accuracy of GTV delineation.
DWI had significantly higher agreement on GTV delineation of ICC. GTV delineations of ICC on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI showed excellent inter-observer agreement. Fusion of CT and MRI images should be considered to improve the accuracy of GTV delineation.
Chronic hepatitis B is the most common chronic liver disease in China. For patients with chronic hepatitis B, steatosis increases the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to analyze and compare the clinical value of a newly developed ultrasound attenuation parameter, liver steatosis analysis (LiSA), acquired by Hepatus (Mindray, China), and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), a widely used ultrasound attenuation parameter acquired by FibroScan (Echosens, France), for grading liver steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection.

A total of 203 patients were divided into two groups according to liver fat content validated by liver biopsy group 1 (liver fat content <10%) and group 2 (liver fat content ≥10%). All patients underwent LiSA and CAP examinations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated for the two ultrasound attenuation tools.

Both LiSA and CAP successfully discriminated between patients in group 1 and group 2. ROC curves showed that both tools had good diagnostic ability (AUC >0.7) for steatosis ≥10%, and the performance of LiSA was significantly better than CAP (AUC 0.859
0.801, P=0.048). Using optimal cut-off points, LiSA had specificity and sensitivity of 96.23% and 76.08%, respectively, for the diagnosis of steatosis ≥10%, compared to 91.53% and 72.10%, respectively, for CAP.

LiSA and CAP are extremely efficient tools for assessing liver steatosis, even at a low grade. link2 Both parameters are non-invasive, inexpensive, and easy to use, and can provide immediate results with high sensitivity.
LiSA and CAP are extremely efficient tools for assessing liver steatosis, even at a low grade. Both parameters are non-invasive, inexpensive, and easy to use, and can provide immediate results with high sensitivity.
Statistical reconstruction methods based on penalized maximum likelihood (PML) are being increasingly used in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to reduce noise and improve image quality. Wang and Qi proposed a patch-based edge-preserving penalties algorithm that can be implemented in three simple steps a maximum-likelihood expectation-maximization (MLEM) image update, an image smoothing step, and a pixel-by-pixel image fusion step. The pixel-by-pixel image fusion step, which fuses the MLEM updated image and the smoothed image, involves a trade-off between preserving the fine structural features of an image and suppressing noise. Particularly when reconstructing images from low-count data, this step cannot preserve fine structural features in detail. To better preserve these features and accelerate the algorithm convergence, we proposed to improve the patch-based regularization reconstruction method.

Our improved method involved adding a total variation (TV) regularization step following the MLEM was not observed when the proposed method was used. When a count of 40 K was used, the image intensity was 58.79 when iterated 100 times by the patch-based method, and it was located in the 102
row and the 116
column, while the intensity when iterated 50 times by the proposed method was 63.83. This suggests that the proposed method improves image reconstruction from low-count data.

This improved method of PET image reconstruction could potentially improve the quality of PET images faster than other methods and also produce better reconstructions from low-count data.
This improved method of PET image reconstruction could potentially improve the quality of PET images faster than other methods and also produce better reconstructions from low-count data.
We previously developed a deep learning model to augment the quality of four-dimensional (4D) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). However, the model was trained using group data, and thus was not optimized for individual patients. Consequently, the augmented images could not depict small anatomical structures, such as lung vessels.

In the present study, the transfer learning method was used to further improve the performance of the deep learning model for individual patients. Specifically, a U-Net-based model was first trained to augment 4D-CBCT using group data. Next, transfer learning was used to fine tune the model based on a specific patient's available data to improve its performance for that individual patient. Two types of transfer learning were studied layer-freezing and whole-network fine-tuning. The performance of the transfer learning model was evaluated by comparing the augmented CBCT images with the ground truth images both qualitatively and quantitatively using a structure similarity index the patient-specific model optimized by transfer learning was efficient and effective at improving image qualities of augmented undersampled three-dimensional (3D)- and 4D-CBCT images, and could be extremely valuable for applications in image-guided radiation therapy.
An injured calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) is a major cause of ankle instability (AI). Previous research has demonstrated that the thickness of the calcaneofibular ligament (CFLT) is correlated with higher-grade sprains and ankle instability. However, inflammatory hypertrophy is distinct from ligament thickness; accordingly, we considered that the calcaneofibular ligament cross-sectional area (CFLCSA) as a potential morphological parameter to analyze inflammatory CFL. We hypothesized that the CFLCSA was a key morphologic parameter in AI diagnosis.

We gathered the CFL data of 26 AI patients and 25 control subjects who had undergone ankle magnetic resonance imaging (A-MRI), and it had revealed no evidence of AI. Ankle level T1-weighted coronal A-MRI images were acquired. Using our image analysis program (INFINITT PACS), we analyzed the CFLT and CFLCSA at the CFL on the A-MRI. link3 The CFLCSA was measured as the whole ligament cross-sectional area of the CFL that was most hypertrophied in the transverse A-MR images. The CFLT was measured at the thickest level of CFL.

The mean CFLT was 3.49±0.82 mm in the control group, and 4.82±0.76 mm in the AI group. The mean CFLCSA was 33.31±7.02 mm
in the control group, and 65.33±20.91 mm
in the AI group. The AI patients had significantly greater CFLT (P<0.001) and CFLCSA (P<0.001) than the control group participants. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in the evaluation of the diagnostic tests showed that the optimal cut-off score of the CFLT was 4.06 mm, with 76.9% sensitivity, 76.0% specificity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.79-0.99). The optimal cut-off threshold of the CFLCSA was 43.85 mm
, with 92.3% sensitivity, 92.0% specificity, and AUC of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.86-1.00).

Even though the CFLT and CFLCSA were both significantly associated with AI, the CFLCSA was a more sensitive diagnostic test.
Even though the CFLT and CFLCSA were both significantly associated with AI, the CFLCSA was a more sensitive diagnostic test.
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