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Improvement as well as Evaluation of Nanoemulsions That contain Phthalocyanines to be used throughout Photodynamic Cancers Remedy.
Since LP and blood group are unique for a person. Hence, cheiloscopy along with blood group can play a vital role in person identification.
Since LP and blood group are unique for a person. Hence, cheiloscopy along with blood group can play a vital role in person identification.Angiomyxomas are a group of rare myxoid benign mesenchymal tumors prone to local recurrences. Two types of angiomyxomas are well recognized in the literature superficial and aggressive angiomyxoma. Aggressive angiomyxomas are relatively uncommon, poorly circumscribed, locally infiltrative myofibroblastic tumors with a specific predilection for the perineal regions and exceedingly rare in the head and neck region. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of a gigantic aggressive angiomyxoma occurring in both the maxilla and mandible in a 30-year-old male patient. Clinicians should carefully evaluate the clinical, radiological and histological data to derive the correct diagnosis of this myxoid intraoral soft-tissue neoplasm.Solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB) is a localized form of plasma cell neoplasm where jaw involvement is rare. Distinguishing SPB from other plasma cell neoplasms is critical for treatment and survival. Here, a case of SPB of mandible in an elderly female is reported. Histopathological diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasm was confirmed immunohistochemically with MUM1 and CD138 positivity and multiple myeloma (MM) was ruled out on performing systemic workup. Prognosis of SPB worsens when it transforms into MM. A systematic review was undertaken with the objective to determine the factors affecting conversion of SPB to MM. An electronic search was undertaken with PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Science Direct. Fifty cases of SPB of jaw from 29 publications were reviewed. SPB commonly presents as a painless swelling. Radiographically, it is commonly seen as multilocular radiolucency with well-defined borders. Follow-up data showed that nine cases turned into MM in a mean duration of 1 year 9 months and 12 patients died after median disease-free survival of 6 years 9 months. Prognosis of SPB is found to be affected by tumor size (≥5 cm), anaplasia of tumor cells, Ki-67 labeling index, vascularity of the tumor, presence of clonal bone marrow plasma cells, serum immune globulin level, dose of radiotherapy and persistence of M protein after treatment. There is a need to identify prognostic subgroups in SPB based on these factors. Furthermore, studies are necessary for standardization of treatment protocol to halt or prolong the progression of SPB to MM.Clear-cell tumors of the head and neck are biologically diverse consisting of benign, malignant and metastatic lesions. These tumors pose a diagnostic challenge. In the oral cavity, these may be derived from odontogenic/nonodontogenic epithelium or from mesenchyme or can be metastatic. Odontogenic tumors with clear-cell change are rare. Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare, benign, locally aggressive odontogenic epithelial tumor affecting the jaw. Here, we report a case of clear-cell variant of CEOT with its histopathological differential diagnosis. A 43-year-old male patient with swelling in his lower right back tooth region showed a well-defined radiolucent lesion with smooth corticated periphery on radiograph. On incisional biopsy, tumor showed small sheets, cords and islands of odontogenic epithelium with nests of clear cells with no evidence of calcification. A final diagnosis of CEOT was established by differentiating other odontogenic and nonodontogenic lesions on the basis of clinical, radiographic, histopathologic and special stain features.Oral metastasis, although rare, tends to involve jawbones, particularly the posterior region of the mandible, and involvement of oral soft tissues, even when less likely, is most often seen on the gingiva and tongue. Clinically, the soft-tissue masses tend to mimic pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma or an epulis and thus are difficult to diagnose and identify. The jaw bone is preferred by prostate carcinoma as a metastatic target. Prostate malignancy, which is more common in Western countries than in India, may be adenocarcinomas or carcinomas. Oftentimes, metastatic lesions develop in the alveolar region and are a cause for tooth mobility, yet, they tend to be detected only after extraction of the affected tooth. In such cases, the symptomatic presentation therefore, is vague and indicative of tooth mobility secondary to periodontal pathology unless, a detailed history and follow-up is done. We report a case of a male patient who presented to our department with a proliferative, painful, sweany other malignancy in the patient's history, which, however, was noted by the surgeons few days later. Hence, initially, a hematopoietic malignancy was suspected which was ruled out by IHC, and later, staining with cytokeratin 7 (CK7), CK-high molecular weight and P63 confirmed prostate metastases as all three were negative.
Abfraction is a theoretical process whereby occlusal forces create microfractures in enamel and dentin along the cervical area and predispose it to erosion and abrasion, forming noncarious cervical lesions. However, the theory is not yet proven. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of abfraction as an etiology of these lesions.

Ten human premolars with these lesions from 10 patients requiring tooth extraction, one tooth from each patient, were used in this study. Sulfosuccinimidyl oleate sodium After extractions, all teeth were stored in 10% formalin until required, then prepared routinely for scanning electron microscopy.

In all 10 teeth, at low magnification, noncarious cervical lesions appeared as crescent-shaped lesions. The upper edges of the lesions were on the enamel surfaces and their lower edges were on the cemental surfaces. In four teeth, the lesions showed evidence of microfractures characterized by the presence of fracture lines and fracture surfaces. In addition, in the first tooth of these teeth, the surface was also covered by a network of poorly fixed collagen fibers. In the third tooth, linear scratches, the openings of the dentinal tubules, a dentin matrix which consisted of a network of poorly fixed collagen fibers, and numerous dentinal tubules were also observed. In the remaining six teeth, they showed linear scratches, and the presence of the dentinal tubules or the exposed collagen fibers.

It appears that abrasion and erosion are associated etiologic factors in forming noncarious cervical lesions and an ultrastructural finding that supports the abfraction theory of these lesions is observed.
It appears that abrasion and erosion are associated etiologic factors in forming noncarious cervical lesions and an ultrastructural finding that supports the abfraction theory of these lesions is observed.
Exfoliative cytology is becoming increasingly important in the early diagnosis of oral cancers, as a procedure for obtaining cell samples, which can be analyzed by sophisticated diagnostic techniques. Quantitative techniques, based on the evaluation of parameters such as nucleus area, cytoplasm area and nucleus-to-cytoplasm area ratio, may increase the sensitivity of exfoliative cytology for early diagnosis of oral cancers, since these techniques are precise, objective and reproducible.

This study was undertaken to employ the cytomorphometric quantitative techniques to determine the value of exfoliative cytology and to assess this method to analyze the effectiveness in providing additional diagnostic test for the detection of early oral malignancy.

The study consisted of three groups. The experimental group comprised of 20 subjects with oral leukoplakia and 20 subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa. The control group comprised of 10 apparently healthy subjects. They were subjectle. These versatile systems facilitate quantitative oral cytological assessments, which may become a viable procedure for the early detection of oral premalignancy and malignancy.
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), widespread in the Indian subcontinent, is a chronic debilitating disease of the oral cavity having a high potential for malignancy. The etiology of OSF is debatable. However, recently, autoimmunity had been suggested to play a significant role in its etiology, yet unproven. Hence, this study was conducted to explore the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in the serum of OSF patients which is one of the serum markers of autoimmune diseases and its possible clinicopathologic associations.

A total of 105 blood samples were collected from patients with OSF (
= 45), age- and sex-matched healthy controls with (
= 30) and without (
= 30) areca nut chewing habit. Serum positivity of ANA was determined by immunofluorescence and correlated with the oral habits and severity of the disease measured by maximum mouth opening (MMO) and site of involvement.

Significantly higher incidence of ANA (35.6%) was found in 45 OSF patients than in the healthy group (
= 0.001). Preva immunity justifies OSF as an autoimmune disease. This study provides broader prospective to adopt therapies that selectively target autoimmune pathways.
Oral cancer constitutes a major public health problem in South East Asia, as it causes profound social and economic consequences for people in this area. Nowadays, pattern of tobacco and alcohol use among females is changing and at the same time incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) among females is increasing.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible differences between male and female patients suffering from oral SCC.

One hundred and sixteen patients with oral SCC, who were diagnosed between 2017 and 2018, were evaluated retrospectively. Special attention was paid to tobacco and alcohol use, as well as to patients without the risk factors. Data obtained were entered into a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet and then were analyzed by SPSS 24.0.

The men women ratio was 2.51. Mean age for diagnosis of oral cancer in men was 57.5 and mean age for diagnosis of oral cancer in women was 46.33. Majority of men oral cancer patients had smoking habits (61.45%) and majority of women oral cancer patients had chewing habits (66.67%). Tongue was the most common site for women oral cancer patients and palate, retromolar area and tonsillar area were the most common site for men oral cancer patients who never used any habit products.

Compared to earlier studies women gets diagnosis of oral cancer earlier than men in our study. Gutkha use in men and Gudaku use in women were associated with oral cancer in early age. Further studies should be performed in women tongue cancer patients and men patients with cancer of maxillary area, retromolar and tonsillar area without risk factors to find etiology.
Compared to earlier studies women gets diagnosis of oral cancer earlier than men in our study. Gutkha use in men and Gudaku use in women were associated with oral cancer in early age. Further studies should be performed in women tongue cancer patients and men patients with cancer of maxillary area, retromolar and tonsillar area without risk factors to find etiology.
In the present-day scenario, wherein histotechnological laboratory personnel come into contact with numerous hazardous chemicals every day, laboratories are emphasizing on development of safer and environment-friendly alternatives globally which are easily available and feasible. In this context, we have attempted to utilize anthocyanins, a family of pigments naturally occurring in fruits and flowers and which are already used as natural food colorants, for assessing their utility as histological stains.

Juices of thin consistency from well-ripened pomegranates were obtained by using a juicer with blender functions. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded 4 μm thin sections were immersed in this solution for 2 h, during which the solution was periodically monitored. Several modifications were attempted such as the addition of
(lemon) extract or acetic acid, change in orientation of the slides and refrigeration of the solution during the staining procedure.

A peculiar pattern of reasonably diagnostic staining was observed in which the basal and suprabasal cells, basement membrane, inflammatory cells and collagen fibers stained prominently with a magenta color.
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