Notes

Highly specified reports in Takayasu arteritis in World wide web regarding Research and Scopus: cross-sectional analysis.
Of 23 long-term survivors with available data, 9 (39%) achieved all composite metrics determined to define "ideal" outcomes in pediatric postliver transplantation populations.

Liver transplant enables long-term metabolic stability for patients with maple syrup urine disease. A combination of experience and improvement in both pre- and postliver transplantation care has enabled excellent survival and minimal comorbidities following transplant.
Liver transplant enables long-term metabolic stability for patients with maple syrup urine disease. A combination of experience and improvement in both pre- and postliver transplantation care has enabled excellent survival and minimal comorbidities following transplant.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is involved in the regulation of LDL receptors. Inhibition of PCSK9 increase uptake of LDL-particles and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The aim of our study was to evaluate biological variation of serum PCSK9.

Within-subject (CV
) and between-subject (CV
) biological variations were assessed in 14 healthy volunteers in a 6-week protocol (7 samples, equidistant time intervals). Serum concentration of PCSK9 was measured by a Quantikine ELISA assay (R&D systems, Bio-Techne Ltd., UK) on a DS2 ELISA reader (Dynex Technologies GmbH, Germany). Precision (CV
) was assessed by duplicate measurements. Two methods with different levels of robustness were used for the estimation of CV
, SD-ANOVA and CV-ANOVA method. We calculated the index of individuality and reference change values. The experiment was fully compliant with EFLM database checklist.

The within-subject values of PCSK9 in healthy persons, as calculated by two statistical methods, were 23.2% (SD-ANOVA with CV
of 5.6%) and 26.6% (CV-ANOVA with CV
of 4.8%). The CV
was 10.9% (SD-ANOVA), index of individuality and RCV were 2.13 and 66.3%, respectively.

The high index of individuality indicates that common reference intervals can be used to interpret serum PSCK9 values.
The high index of individuality indicates that common reference intervals can be used to interpret serum PSCK9 values.Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a metabolite of sphingolipids, is mainly derived from red blood cells (RBCs), platelets and endothelial cells (ECs). It plays important roles in regulating cell survival, vascular integrity and inflammatory responses through its receptors. S1P receptors (S1PRs), including 5 subtypes (S1PR1-5), are G protein-coupled receptors and have been proved to mediate various and complex roles of S1P in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke by regulating endothelial function and inflammatory response as well as immune cell behavior. This review emphasizes the functions of S1PRs in atherosclerosis and ischemic diseases such as MI and ischemic stroke, enabling mechanistic studies and new S1PRs targeted therapies in atherosclerosis and ischemia in the future.Atherosclerosis, as a chronic inflammatory disease within the arterial wall, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide due to its role in myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral artery disease. Additional evidence is emerging that the angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL) family of proteins participate in the pathology of this disease process via endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, dyslipidemia, calcification, foam cell formation and platelet activation. This review summarizes current knowledge on the ANGPTL family of proteins in atherosclerosis related pathological processes. Moreover, the potential value of ANGPTL family proteins as predictive biomarkers in atherosclerosis is discussed. Given the attractive role of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, ANGPTL8 in atherosclerotic dyslipidemia via regulation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), antisense oligonucleotide or/and monoclonal antibody-based inactivation of these proteins represent potential atherosclerotic therapies.
We developed a laboratory test-based regression model for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with HCV in its surveillance.

This matched case-control study was conducted by enrolling 452 patients with chronic hepatitis and/or cirrhosis, including 129 patients complicated with HCC. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed by referring to sex, age, and fibrosis-4 index, which resulted in 102 patients each in HCC and non-HCC groups. Logistic regression models (LRM) for distinguishing the two groups were explored from variable combinations of laboratory tests. The model was validated by our new scheme of applying it retroactively to trimonthly previous datasets.

Models with a practical level of diagnostic accuracy (C-statistic) were α-fetoprotein (AFP) alone (0.810), LRM3 comprising AFP, AST, and ALT (0.850), and LRM4 comprising AFP, AFP/(AST×ALT), and AST (0.862). After retroactive application of each model, LRM4 showed the highest distinction of the two groups at-12M, -6M, -3M with C-statistics of 0.654, 0.786, 0.834, respectively. LRM4 was accurate even after limiting cases to early-stage HCC.

LRM4 was proved useful in prompting clinicians to perform timely image study in the surveillance. The retroactive validation scheme is applicable to assess diagnostic models of other neoplastic diseases.
LRM4 was proved useful in prompting clinicians to perform timely image study in the surveillance. The retroactive validation scheme is applicable to assess diagnostic models of other neoplastic diseases.Sepsis, which includes infection followed by inflammation, is one of the leading causes of death among neonates worldwide. The major attribute of this disease process is dysregulated host response to infection leading to organ dysfunction and potentially death. A comprehensive understanding of the host response as well as the pathogen itself are important factors contributing to outcome. Early diagnosis is paramount, as it leads to accurate assessment and improved clinical management. Accordingly, a number of diagnostic platforms have been introduced to assess the presence of blood stream pathogens in septic neonates. Unfortunately, current point-of-care (POC) methods rely on a single parameter/biomarker and thus lack a comprehensive evaluation. The emerging field of biosensing has, however, resulted in the development of a wide range of analytical devices that may be useful at POC. This review discusses currently available methods to screen the inflammatory process in neonatal sepsis. We describe POC sensor-based methods for single platform multi-analyte detection and highlight the latest advances in this evolving technology. Finally, we critically evaluate the applicability of these POC devices clinically for early diagnosis of sepsis in neonates.
Respiratory complications are an important cause of postoperative morbidity. We aimed to investigate whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) administered immediately after major abdominal surgery could prevent postoperative morbidity.

PRISM was an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial done at 70 hospitals across six countries. Patients aged 50 years or older who were undergoing elective major open abdominal surgery were randomly assigned (11) to receive CPAP within 4 h of the end of surgery or usual postoperative care. Patients were randomly assigned using a computer-generated minimisation algorithm with inbuilt concealment. The primary outcome was a composite of pneumonia, endotracheal re-intubation, or death within 30 days after randomisation, assessed in the intention-to-treat population. Uprosertib in vitro Safety was assessed in all patients who received CPAP. The trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN56012545.

Between Feb 8, 2016, and Nov 11, 2019, 4806 patients were randomly assigned (2405 ttreatment of respiratory failure after surgery, routine use of prophylactic post-operative CPAP is not recommended.

National Institute for Health Research, Barts Charity, Intersurgical, Association of Anaesthetists, and Sapienza Università di Roma.
National Institute for Health Research, Barts Charity, Intersurgical, Association of Anaesthetists, and Sapienza Università di Roma.
Diabetes is a major risk factor for erectile dysfunction, however, the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on erectile dysfunction is unknown. We aimed to assess the incidence, prevalence, and progression of erectile dysfunction in men treated with dulaglutide compared with placebo, and to determine whether dulaglutide's effect on erectile dysfunction was consistent with its effect on other diabetes-related outcomes.

The Researching Cardiovascular Events with a Weekly Incretin in Diabetes (REWIND) trial was a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial of the effect of dulaglutide on cardiovascular outcomes. REWIND was done at 371 sites in 24 countries. Men and women aged older than 50 years with type 2 diabetes, who had either a previous cardiovascular event or cardiovascular risk factors, were randomly assigned (11) to receive either dulaglutide or placebo. Participating men were offered the opportunity to complete the standardised International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire at basore compared with the placebo group, with a least square mean difference of 0·61 (95% CI 0·18-1·05, p=0·006).

Long-term use of dulaglutide might reduce the incidence of moderate or severe erectile dysfunction in men with type 2 diabetes.

Eli Lilly and Company.
Eli Lilly and Company.
To characterize long-term clinical outcomes of monotherapy selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in Afro-Caribbean patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG).

This was a post hoc analysis of nearly 8 years (median 3.2, interquartile range 2.1-7.1) of pooled data from the West Indies Glaucoma Laser Study (WIGLS) and its preliminary study.

Setting Three eye care practices in Saint Lucia and Dominica.

Afro-Caribbean adults with mild-moderate OAG treated with ≤2 medications (61 in preliminary study, 72 in WIGLS).

Participants underwent medication washout, baseline IOP determination, and bilateral 360° SLT. Participants were followed for up to 94 months. Repeat SLT was performed according to pre-specified criteria.

The primary outcome was mean intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction from baseline. The secondary outcome was medication-free survival with SLT repeated as needed.

The pooled data set included 265 eyes of 133 Afro-Caribbean participants. Mean (standard deviation) baseline IOP was 21.2 (3.4) and 21.2 (3.9) mmHg in right and left eyes, respectively. Over 8 years, mean IOP ranged from 12.8-15.7 mmHg and from 13.1-15.8 mmHg, respectively (p<0.0001 for every comparison to baseline). Median medication-free survival time for initial SLT was 85.4 months in both eyes. The 94-month medication-free survival of SLT repeated as needed was 71.2% and 71.7%, respectively.

Monotherapy SLT, repeated as needed, safely provides significant IOP reductions in most Afro-Caribbean adults with POAG through nearly 8 years of follow-up and has significant potential to delay or prevent glaucoma-related vision loss in Black patients in low-resource regions.
Monotherapy SLT, repeated as needed, safely provides significant IOP reductions in most Afro-Caribbean adults with POAG through nearly 8 years of follow-up and has significant potential to delay or prevent glaucoma-related vision loss in Black patients in low-resource regions.
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