Notes

GABARAP ameliorates IL-1β-induced inflamed replies and osteogenic differentiation throughout bone tissue marrow-derived stromal cells through triggering autophagy.
Additionally, we identified a second isoform through mRNA-Seq and an EST assembly library which is missing exon 3, resulting in a C-terminally truncated form. We report via whole-mount fluorescent in situ hybridization that a subset of cells co-express bhf and cfuhc(sec). Finally, we observed BHF's localization in HEK293T at the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane in addition to the nucleus via a nuclear localization signal. Given the localization data thus far, we hypothesize that BHF may function as a scaffolding protein in a complex with other Botryllus proteins, rather than functioning as an allorecognition determinant.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and it has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk. We examined the contribution of MetS to inflammatory markers, arterial stiffness and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) as surrogates of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Cardiovascular risk factors, SLE-specific factors and peripheral blood EPCs were assessed in 50 female SLE patients. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Simultaneously, atherosclerosis was assessed by measuring the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) by doppler velocimetry.

Beyond the factors included in the definition, SLE patients with MetS have a significantly higher serum level of uric acid (6.88 ± 2.20 vs 4.45 ± 1.17, p < 0.001) and some inflammatory biomarkers such as homocysteine, IL-8, sICAM-1 or complement molecules. The presence of MetS in our patients was closely linked with a significantly increased patient organ damage score (3.20 ± 1.97 vs 1.60 ± 1.67, p = 0.008), a decreased percentage of circulating EPCs (0.53 ± 0.24 vs 0.85 ± 0.57, p = 0.007) and an increased arterial stiffness (9.89 ± 2.40 vs 7.13 ± 1.51, p < 0.001).

MetS may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis by significantly increasing inflammation levels and arterial stiffness and decreasing circulating EPCs. This finding would justify close monitoring of these patients.
MetS may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis by significantly increasing inflammation levels and arterial stiffness and decreasing circulating EPCs. This finding would justify close monitoring of these patients.
Suicidal ideation is observed in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). No study on this notable phenomenon in neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) is available so far.

Participants were 53 consecutive outpatients with NPSLE (48 women; mean age 43.8 years) diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology nomenclature for SLE neuropsychiatric syndromes. A Neuropsychiatric Questionnaire (NP-Q) concerning 45 neurological, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms was used to assess the prevalence of self-perceived neuropsychiatric symptoms. The Modified Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-M) was used to assess the level of anxiety, depression and irritability. Formal neuropsychological examination was performed. Clinical data were collected by means of medical charts review and structured interview.

Suicidal thoughts were present in 25% of patients with NPSLE, irrespective of sex, age, education, work status, disease duration and steroid treatment. Suicidal ideation was connected with elevated levels of depression, anxiety and irritability. In patients with suicidal ideation the prevalence of cognitive, psychiatric and neurological self-perceived problems was significantly higher.

Suicidal thoughts are common in patients with NPSLE. Neuropsychiatric manifestation per se, depression, anxiety and patients' subjective complaints can be risk factors for suicidal ideation. Screening for suicidal thoughts is vital in routine care of SLE patients.
Suicidal thoughts are common in patients with NPSLE. Neuropsychiatric manifestation per se, depression, anxiety and patients' subjective complaints can be risk factors for suicidal ideation. Screening for suicidal thoughts is vital in routine care of SLE patients.
We retrospectively examined whether a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an earlier age of symptom onset and diagnosis in a large sample of patients with behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD).

Data on patients with bvFTD (n=678) were obtained from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. TBI was categorised based on reported lifetime history of TBI with loss of consciousness (LOC) but no chronic deficits occurring more than 1 year prior to diagnosis of bvFTD. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to determine if clinician-estimated age of symptom onset and age at diagnosis of bvFTD differed between those who reported a history of TBI with LOC (TBI+) and those who did not (TBI-).

Controlling for sex, the TBI+ bvFTD group had an age of symptom onset and age of diagnosis that was on average 2.8 and 3.2 years earlier (p<0.01) than the TBI- bvFTD group.

TBI history with LOC occurring more than 1 year prior to diagnosis is associated with an earlier age of symptom onset and diagnosis in patients with bvFTD. TBI may be related to the underlying neurodegenerative processes in bvFTD, but the implications of age at time of injury, severity and repetitive injuries remain unclear.
TBI history with LOC occurring more than 1 year prior to diagnosis is associated with an earlier age of symptom onset and diagnosis in patients with bvFTD. TBI may be related to the underlying neurodegenerative processes in bvFTD, but the implications of age at time of injury, severity and repetitive injuries remain unclear.
High-dependency care units (HDUs) are a focus of research to optimize critical care resource allocation. HDUs provide a level of care between the general ward and the intensive care unit (ICU). However, few data report on the case mix and outcomes of patients in these units.

Retrospective observational cohort study of patients admitted to 11 stand-alone HDUs in the UK from 2008 to 2011. We stratified patients by location prior to HDU admission and location on discharge from HDU, and we summarized the case mix, transitions of care, and mortality.

Of 9008 patients admitted to 11 stand-alone HDUs, 56.5% were male and the mean age was 62.7 ± 17.9 years. The majority of patients admitted to HDUs were non-surgical (59.3%), with 22.4 and 20.1% admitted from the ICU and general ward, respectively; 41.3% were admitted from the operating room or recovery suite. The median length of stay in HDU was 1.8 days (IQR 0.9-3.5) and in-HDU mortality was 5.1%. Among HDU survivors (n = 8551), 8.5% were discharged to an ICU, 80.9% to a general ward, and 10.6% to other care areas. Odanacatib For patients admitted to HDU from an ICU, only 5.8% were readmitted to ICU. Hospital mortality for the HDU population was 14.8%; for patients discharged to an ICU, hospital mortality was 43.6%.

In a sample of 11 stand-alone HDUs in the UK, patients are from many different hospital locations. Hospital mortality for patients requiring HDU care is high, particularly for patients who require transfer to an ICU.
In a sample of 11 stand-alone HDUs in the UK, patients are from many different hospital locations. Hospital mortality for patients requiring HDU care is high, particularly for patients who require transfer to an ICU.
Our aim was to examine the association between Street Smart Walk Score® and self-reported outdoor walking among older Canadians, and to determine whether socioeconomic status modifies this association.

We linked objective walkability data with cross-sectional survey data from the Canadian Community Health Survey Healthy-Aging 2008-2009 Cycle for a sample of 1309 British Columbians aged ≥ 65 years. We examined associations between Street Smart Walk Score and meeting physical activity guidelines (≥150 min of moderate to vigorous activity/week) through self-reported outdoor walking using multivariable logistic regression, and tested for significant interactions with household income.

A ten point higher Street Smart Walk Score was associated with a 17 % higher odds of meeting physical activity guidelines through walking outside (95 % CI 1.07,1.27). In addition, older adults living in neighbourhoods categorised as Walker's Paradise were over three times more likely to meet guidelines than those living in Car-dependent/Very car dependent neighbourhoods. We found no evidence that household income moderated the effect of Walk Score on walking outside.

Neighbourhood design may be one avenue whereby physical activity levels of older people can be enhanced through outdoor walking, with benefit across socioeconomic strata.
Neighbourhood design may be one avenue whereby physical activity levels of older people can be enhanced through outdoor walking, with benefit across socioeconomic strata.
After 2006 most neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Canada stopped initiating newborn resuscitation with 100% oxygen.

In this retrospective cohort study, we compared neonatal outcomes in infants born at ≤ 27 weeks gestation that received <100% oxygen (OXtitrate group, typically 21-40% oxygen) during delivery room resuscitation to infants that received 100% oxygen (OX100 group).

Data from 17 NICUs included 2326 infants, 1244 in the OXtitrate group and 1082 in the OX100 group. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for the primary outcome of severe neurologic injury or death was higher in the OXtitrate group compared with the OX100 group (AOR 1.36; 95% CI 1.11, 1.66). A similar increase was also noted when comparing infants initially resuscitated with room air to the OX100 group (AOR 1.33; 95% CI 1.04, 1.69). Infants in the OXtitrate group were less likely to have received either medical or surgical treatment for a patent ductus arteriosus (AOR 0.53; 95% CI 0.37, 0.74).

In Canadian NICUs, we observed a higher risk of severe neurologic injury or death among preterm infants of ≤ 27 weeks gestation following a change in practice to initiating resuscitation with either room air or an intermediate oxygen concentration.
In Canadian NICUs, we observed a higher risk of severe neurologic injury or death among preterm infants of ≤ 27 weeks gestation following a change in practice to initiating resuscitation with either room air or an intermediate oxygen concentration.
Imaging features of spine degeneration are common in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. We compared the prevalence of MR imaging features of lumbar spine degeneration in adults 50 years of age and younger with and without self-reported low back pain.

We performed a meta-analysis of studies reporting the prevalence of degenerative lumbar spine MR imaging findings in asymptomatic and symptomatic adults 50 years of age or younger. Symptomatic individuals had axial low back pain with or without radicular symptoms. Two reviewers evaluated each article for the following outcomes disc bulge, disc degeneration, disc extrusion, disc protrusion, annular fissures, Modic 1 changes, any Modic changes, central canal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and spondylolysis. The meta-analysis was performed by using a random-effects model.

An initial search yielded 280 unique studies. Fourteen (5.0%) met the inclusion criteria (3097 individuals; 1193, 38.6%, asymptomatic; 1904, 61.4%, symptomatic). Imaging findings with a higher prevalence in symptomatic individuals 50 years of age or younger included disc bulge (OR, 7.
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