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Management of chemotherapy-related signs and symptoms in youngsters and teens: family members caregivers' perspectives.
The dissipation and residue levels of thiacloprid, spirotetramat and its four metabolites residues in cowpeas were investigated under field conditions. The QuEChERS technique with high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to detect thiacloprid, spirotetramat and its four metabolites residues content in cowpeas. The recoveries were 81.3-95.1% at a spike level of 0.005-0.5 mg/kg, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 2.1-9.5%. The dissipation kinetics data showed that thiacloprid and spirotetramat in cowpeas were degraded with the half-lives of 1.14-1.54 days and 1.25-2.79 days. The terminal residues of thiacloprid and spirotetramat were 0.0255-0.4570 mg kg-1 and 0.0314-0.3070 mg kg-1 after application 2 times with a pre-harvest interval (PHI) of 3 days under the designed dosages. The chronic and acute dietary exposure assessment risk quotient (RQ) values of thiacloprid in cowpeas for different consumers were 2.44-4.41% and 8.72-15.78%, respectively, and those of spirotetramat were 1.03-1.87% and 0.18-0.32%, respectively, all of the RQ values were lower than 100%. The dietary risk of thiacloprid through cowpeas to consumers was higher than spirotetramat. The results from this study are important reference for Chinese governments to develop criteria for the safe and rational use of thiacloprid and spirotetramat, setting maximum residue levels (MRLs), monitoring the quality safety of agricultural products and protecting consumer health.Plant breeding reduces the genetic diversity of plants and could influence the composition, structure, and diversity of the rhizosphere microbiome, selecting more homogeneous and specialized microbes. In this study, we used 16S rRNA sequencing to assess the bacterial community in the rhizosphere of different lines and modern cowpea cultivars, to investigate the effect of cowpea breeding on bacterial community assembly. Thus, two African lines (IT85F-2687 and IT82D-60) and two Brazilian cultivars (BRS-Guariba and BRS-Tumucumaque) of cowpea were assessed to verify if the generation advance and genetic breeding influence the bacterial community in the rhizosphere. No significant differences were found in the structure, richness, and diversity of bacterial community structure between the rhizosphere of the different cowpea genotypes, and only slight differences were found at the OTU level. The complexity of the co-occurrence network decreased from African lines to Brazilian cultivars. Regarding functional prediction, the core functions were significantly altered according to the genotypes. In general, African lines presented a more abundance of groups related to chemoheterotrophy, while the rhizosphere of the modern cultivars decreased functions related to cellulolysis. This study showed that the genetic breeding process affects the dynamics of the rhizosphere community, decreasing the complexity of interaction in one cultivar. As these cowpea genotypes are genetically related, it could suggest a new hypothesis of how genetic breeding of similar genotypes could influence the rhizosphere microbiome.Target-driven visual navigation is essential for many applications in robotics, and it has gained increasing interest in recent years. In this work, inspired by animal cognitive mechanisms, we propose a novel navigation architecture that simultaneously learns exploration policy and encodes environmental structure. First, to learn exploration policy directly from raw visual input, we use deep reinforcement learning as the basic framework and allow agents to create rewards for themselves as learning signals. In our approach, the reward for the current observation is driven by curiosity and calculated by a count-based approach and temporal distance. While agents learn exploration policy, we use temporal distance to find waypoints in observation sequences and incrementally describe the structure of the environment in a way that integrates episodic memory. Finally, space topological cognition is integrated into the model as a path planning module and combined with a locomotion network to obtain a more generalized approach to navigation. We test our approach in the DMlab, a visually rich 3D environment, and validate its exploration efficiency and navigation performance through extensive experiments. The experimental results show that our approach can explore and encode the environment more efficiently and has better capability in dealing with stochastic objects. In navigation tasks, agents can use space topological cognition to effectively reach the target and guide detour behaviour when a path is unavailable, exhibiting good environmental adaptability.Blood-based biomarkers of brain injury may be useful for monitoring brain health in athletes at risk for concussions. Two putative biomarkers of sport-related concussion, neurofilament light (NfL), an axonal structural protein, and S100 calcium-binding protein beta (S100B), an astrocyte-derived protein, were measured in saliva, a biofluid which can be sampled in an athletic setting without the risks and burdens associated with blood sampled by venipuncture. Samples were collected from men's and women's collegiate water polo players (n = 65) before and after a competitive tournament. Head impacts were measured using sensors previously evaluated for use in water polo, and video recordings were independently reviewed for the purpose of validating impacts recorded by the sensors. Athletes sustained a total of 107 head impacts, all of which were asymptomatic (i.e., no athlete was diagnosed with a concussion or more serious). Post-tournament salivary NfL was directly associated with head impact frequency (RR = 1.151, p = 0.025) and cumulative head impact magnitude (RR = 1.008, p = 0.014), while controlling for baseline salivary NfL. Change in S100B was not associated with head impact exposure (RR  0.483). These patterns suggest that repeated head impacts may cause axonal injury, even in asymptomatic athletes.A dynamical spin injection based on the ferromagnetic resonance in a ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic bi-layered structure, is a powerful mean for generating and manipulating the spin current. Although the mechanism of the dynamical spin injection is mainly attributed to the spin pumping, the detailed mechanism and the quantitative understanding for related phenomena are still controversial. As an another important contribution to the dynamical spin injection, the heating effect due to the resonant precessional motion of the magnetization is pointed out recently. In order to quantify the contribution from the heating effect, we here investigate the dynamical spin injection in a CoFeB/Pt/CoFeB trilayer. Although the contribution from the spin pumping diminishes because of the symmetric spin injection from the upper and lower interfaces, a significant inverse spin Hall voltage has been clearly observed. We show that the observed voltage can be quantitatively understood by the thermal spin injection due to a heating effect during the ferromagnetic resonance. A proper combination between the spin pumping and the heat-flow control in the multi-layered system is a key for the efficient dynamical spin injection.Microbial flora is investigated to be related with neuropathological conditions in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is attracting attention as a drug discovery resource. However, the relevance between the soil microbiota and the pathological condition has not been fully clarified due to the difficulty in isolation culture and the component complexity. In this study, we established a library of secondly metabolites produced in microorganism to investigate the potential effect of microorganisms on the production of amyloid β (Aβ), one of the most representative pathogens of AD. We conducted a library screening to quantify Aβ and neuronal toxicity by using cortical neurons from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of AD patients after adding secondary metabolites. Screening results and following assessment of dose-dependency identified Verrucarin A, produced in Myrothecium spp., showed 80% decrease in Aβ production. Furthermore, addition of Mer-A2026A, produced in Streptomyces pactum, showed increase in Aβ42/40 ratio at the low concentration, and decrease in Aβ production at the higher concentration. As a result, established library and iPSC-based phenotyping assay clarified a direct link between Aβ production and soil microorganisms. These results suggest that Aβ-microorganism interaction may provide insight into the AD pathophysiology with potential therapeutics.Consider a sub-population of rebels aiming at initiating a revolution. To avoid initializing a failed revolution, rebels would first strive to estimate their "power", which is often correlated with their number. However, especially in non-democratic countries, rebels avoid disclosing themselves. This poses a significant challenge for rebels estimating their number while minimizing the risk of being identified as rebels. This paper introduces a distributed computing framework to study this question. Our main insight is that the communication pattern plays a crucial role in achieving such a task. Specifically, we distinguish between public communication, in which each message announced by an individual can be viewed by all its neighbors, and private communication, in which each message is received by one neighbor. We describe a simple protocol in the public communication model that allows rebels to estimate their number while keeping a negligible risk of being identified as rebels. The proposed protocol, inspired by historical events, can be executed covertly even under extreme conditions of surveillance. Conversely, we show that under private communication, protocols of similar simplicity are either inefficient or non-covert. These results suggest that public communication can facilitate the emergence of revolutions in non-democratic countries.Zhejiang Suichang native honey, which is included in the list of China's National Geographical Indication Agricultural Products Protection Project, is very popular. This study proposes a method of Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning algorithms to accurately detect low-concentration adulterated Suichang native honey. In this study, the native honey collected by local beekeepers in Suichang was selected for adulteration detection. The spectral data was compressed by Savitzky-Golay smoothing and partial least squares (PLS) in sequence. The PLS features taken for further analysis were selected according to the contribution rate. In this study, three classification modeling methods including support vector machine, probabilistic neural network and convolutional neural network were adopted to correctly classify pure and adulterated honey samples. The total accuracy was 100%, 100% and 99.75% respectively. The research result shows that Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning algorithms has great potential in accurately detecting adulteration of low-concentration honey.While the importance of social affect and cognition is indisputable throughout the adult lifespan, findings of how empathy and prosociality develop and interact across adulthood are mixed and real-life data are scarce. Research using ecological momentary assessment recently demonstrated that adults commonly experience empathy in daily life. Furthermore, experiencing empathy was linked to higher prosocial behavior and subjective well-being. check details However, to date, it is not clear whether there are adult age differences in daily empathy and daily prosociality and whether age moderates the relationship between empathy and prosociality across adulthood. Here we analyzed experience-sampling data collected from participants across the adult lifespan to study age effects on empathy, prosocial behavior, and well-being under real-life circumstances. Linear and quadratic age effects were found for the experience of empathy, with increased empathy across the three younger age groups (18 to 45 years) and a slight decrease in the oldest group (55 years and older).
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