Notes

Marketing-Stimulated Word-of-Mouth: A new Channel pertaining to Expanding Demand.
lled polymethyl methacrylate surface was airborne-particle abraded and monomer was applied.
Of the materials tested, the most reliable material to bond to milled polymethyl methacrylate was Jet acrylic resin, and the bond strength values were increased substantially when the milled polymethyl methacrylate surface was airborne-particle abraded and monomer was applied.
Whether ultrasonic activation of the adhesive system improves dentin tubule penetration and the bond strength of fiber posts to root dentin is unclear.

The purpose of this invitro study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic activation of 2 adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse and self-etch) and 1 glass ionomer cement on the dentin tubule penetration and pushout bond strength of fiber posts to root dentin.

Sixty maxillary central incisors were endodontically treated and divided into 6 groups (n=10) as per the post cementation strategy etch-and-rinse, etch-and-rinse and ultrasonic, self-etch, self-etch and ultrasonic, glass ionomer cement, and glass ionomer cement and ultrasonic. The primers, the adhesives, and the glass ionomer cement were activated for 20 seconds each, and the fiber posts were cemented with a resin cement. Dentin tubule penetration was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy and the pushout bond strength measured at 3 post locations cervical, middle, and apical. The failure patterns were also described after pushout testing.

Self-etch and ultrasonic showed higher dentin tubule penetration than the other cementation strategies (P<.05) and improved the bond strength values (P<.05), which were higher than etch-and-rinse and ultrasonic and glass ionomer cement and ultrasonic (P<.05). Adhesive failures at the cement and dentin interface were predominant in the etch-and-rinse, self-etch, and self-etch and ultrasonic groups.

Ultrasonic activation improved the dentin tubule penetration of a self-etch adhesive system. The bond strength of fiber posts cemented with a self-etch adhesive system and a resin cement was improved after ultrasonic activation.
Ultrasonic activation improved the dentin tubule penetration of a self-etch adhesive system. The bond strength of fiber posts cemented with a self-etch adhesive system and a resin cement was improved after ultrasonic activation.
Zirconia abutments with a titanium base are promising candidates to substitute for titanium abutments based on clinical studies reporting good short-term survival rates. However, information on the long-term performance of zirconia abutments supporting ceramic crowns is scarce.

This invitro comparative and finite element analysis study compared the fatigue life performance of ceramic computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM)monolithic restorations and zirconia abutments fabricated with a chairside workflow connected to a titanium interface versus titanium abutments.

Twenty-two internal connection implants were divided into 2 groups, one with a zirconia abutment and monolithic ceramic zirconia crown (ZZ) and the other with a titanium abutment and zirconia crown (TiZ). They were subjected to a fatigue test to determine the fatigue limit and fatigue performance of each group as per International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14801. Microstructural analysis of the fracture surfaces was conducted by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Simulations of the invitro study were also conducted by means of finite element analysis (FEA)to assess the stress distribution over the different parts of the restoration.

The fatigue limit was 250 N for the TiZ group and 325 N for the ZZ group. In both groups, the screw was the part most susceptible to fatigue and was where the failure initiated. In the zirconia abutment models, the stress on the screw was reduced.

Chairside CAD-CAM zirconia abutments with a titanium base supporting zirconia crowns had higher fatigue fracture resistance compared with that of titanium abutments.
Chairside CAD-CAM zirconia abutments with a titanium base supporting zirconia crowns had higher fatigue fracture resistance compared with that of titanium abutments.
Whether preparation of an implant abutment decreases the stability of the abutment screw joint is unclear.

The purpose of this invitro study was to evaluate the effect of the abutment preparation in laboratory conditions on the reverse torque value (RTV)of the abutment screw.

Sixty implants, implant analogs, and abutments obtained from 2 different manufacturers were used in the present study and divided into 2 groups (groups B and N) according to the manufacturer. Each group was then divided into 3 subgroups (n=10) according to the remaining wall thickness (control, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm). All abutments were tightened to analogs with 15 Ncm, and standardized preparation was made with a custom-designed copy-milling system. All abutments were tightened to the implants with 30 Ncm, and then, the abutment screws were removed and RTVs were recorded. Subgroups were analyzed by using 1-way ANOVA (α=.05), and the independent-sample t test was used to compare groups. Relationships between categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square tests. One abutment screw from each subgroup was randomly selected and analyzed by using a scanning electron microscope.

A statistically significant difference was found between RTVs of different manufacturers (group B=28.2 ±1.2 Ncm, group N=25.9 ±1.4 Ncm; P<.005). In group N, there was a significant difference among subgroups, control (26.7 ±1.4 Ncm), and 0.6-mm wall thickness (24.8 ±0.8 Ncm) (P<.05). A statistically significant relationship was found between preparation and RTV for the NucleOSS only (P<.05) and between manufacturer and RTV (P<.001). Scanning electron microscopy evaluations identified different screw head and thread designs.

The abutment screw joint stability of the BioHorizons implant was not affected by abutment preparation.
The abutment screw joint stability of the BioHorizons implant was not affected by abutment preparation.
Repeated firings cause materials to be exposed to additional heat treatments. C59 The effect of these additional heat treatments on the mechanical properties of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics is not fully known.

The purpose of this invitro study was to determine the effects of repeated firing on the mechanical properties of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics produced by 2 different techniques, press and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM).

Eighty rectangular (25×4×2 mm) lithium disilicate glass-ceramic specimens were used in this study, 40 produced by heat pressing and 40 by milling, and divided into 4 groups (n=10) with a different number of veneer porcelain firings (1 to 4). After firing, the Vickers hardness, flexural strength (3-point bend test), and fracture toughness were determined, and the specimens were analyzed with an environmental scanning electron micrograph. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA)(α=.05).

The repeat firing processes did not affect the flexural strength of the specimens in either group (P>.
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