Notes

Cadmium bioaccumulation along with distribution in the freshwater bivalve Anodonta woodiana subjected to environmentally relevant Cd levels.
Phenomenon Supervisors and trainees can learn skills related to evidence-based medicine from each other in the workplace by collaborating and interacting, in this way benefiting from each other's strengths. This study explores supervisors' perceptions of how they currently learn evidence-based medicine by engaging in learning conversations with their trainee. Approach Semi-structured, video-stimulated elicitation interviews were held with twenty-two Dutch and Belgian supervisors in general practice. Supervisors were shown fragments of their video-recorded learning conversations, allowing them to reflect. Recorded interviews were analyzed using a grounded theory-based approach.Findings Supervisors did not immediately perceive workplace learning conversations as an opportunity to learn evidence-based medicine from their trainee. They mostly saw these conversations as a learning opportunity for trainees and a chance to maintain the quality of care within their practice. Nevertheless, during the interviews, supervisors did acknowledge that learning conversations help them to gain up-to-date knowledge and search skills or more awareness of their own knowledge or gaps in their knowledge. Not identified as a learning outcome was how to apply evidence-based medicine within a clinical practice by combining evidence with clinical expertise and the patient's preferences. Insights Supervisors acknowledge that they learn elements of the three aspects of evidence-based medicine by having learning conversations with their trainee, but they currently see this as secondary to the trainee's learning process. Emphasizing opportunities for bidirectional learning could improve learning of evidence-based medicine during workplace learning conversations.Background Although numerous studies have demonstrated a strong association between blood pressure (BP) and hemorrhagic complications of antithrombotic therapy, there is still a paucity of information regarding the status of BP control in hypertensive patients on antithrombotic therapy. Methods This cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted at an outpatient clinic to examine BP control and its associated factors in hypertensive patients receiving or not receiving antithrombotic therapy. Results Of 26,803 outpatients who had scheduled visits in 2018, 7,800 hypertensive patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 1,727 cases were on oral antithrombotic drugs. Then, target BP values were defined according to the Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension 2019. While BP values less then 140/90 mmHg were observed in 63.0% and 61.6% of patients with and without antithrombotic therapy, respectively, only 31.1% and 23.4% of them displayed BP values less then 130/80 mmHg. Multivariable logistic analysis indicated that comorbidity with obesity was a significant correlate of insufficient BP control (target BP less then 130/80 mmHg) in hypertensive patients, irrespective of antithrombotic therapy (patients with antithrombotic therapy, odds ratio (OR) = 1.690, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.351-2.113; patients without antithrombotic therapy, OR = 1.475, 95% CI = 1.290-1.687). Conclusion The majority of patients exhibited BP values less then 140/90 mmHg, whereas BP values less then 130/80 mmHg were achieved only in a small proportion of the patients. Furthermore, obesity appeared to be one of the factors contributing to insufficient BP control in a real-world setting.Direct molecular methods such as real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and propidium monoazide (PMA)-qPCR have been successfully used for quantifying viable microorganisms in the food industry. This study attempted to use qPCR and PMA-qPCR for quantifying Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. bulgaricus sp1.1 physiological states. The qPCR standards of the 16S rRNA gene were employed to calibrate the qPCR assay, which contributed to an amplification efficiency of 98.42%. The number of copies of the 16S rRNA gene was linearly related to cell density, and this linear relationship was used to construct a quantitative curve (R2 =0.9981) with a detection limit of 15.1 colony-forming units mL-1·reaction-1. qPCR in combination with an optimal PMA concentration (60 μM) helped in discriminating and quantifying the viable cells, without any interference by heat-killed cells. Compared with the conventional methods, the population heterogeneity of viable, culturable, dormant-like and membrane-permeabilized cells were well identified and quantified using qPCR during L. delbrueckii spp. bulgaricus sp1.1 batch culture. Despite the restriction in the enumeration of lysed cells, qPCR-based methods facilitated reliable identification and quantification of bacterial physiological states and provided additional knowledge on the dynamics of L. delbrueckii spp. Sepantronium bulgaricus sp1.1 physiological states.This study was conducted to teach and evaluate the effectiveness of an online training called The CAPTURE & Share program. The program was taught using online instruction in an asynchronous manner with six volunteers who facilitate recreational participation for individuals with complex communication needs. The online training focused on teaching volunteers how to support opportunities for individuals to capture photos and videos from recreation and then share them across their social networks. The first aim of the study was to teach the volunteers about implementation and use of the 8-step CAPTURE & Share program while the second aim was to evaluate the programs' overall effectiveness. Two multiple baselines designs across three participants each were used to evaluate the volunteers' written responses to probes delivered during baseline, intervention, maintenance, and generalization phases. Additionally, social validation data were collected. Results indicated that volunteers were not only successful in learning the program, but were also highly satisfied with the online training methods. Implications for using online instruction are discussed for speech-language pathologists, caregivers, individuals with complex communication needs, and recreational professionals.
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