Notes

Endovascular treatment of a new pin hold in the post-traumatic bogus aneurysm of the aortic isthmus: An instance record.
Next, we reviewed brain changes induced by pain interventions, such as pharmacotherapy, neuromodulation, and acupuncture. Lastly, we reviewed emerging studies that combined advanced machine learning and neuroimaging techniques to identify diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in chronic pain patients.Oxidative stress is considered one of the mechanisms responsible for neurodegenerative diseases, especially for Parkinson's disease. Since oxidative stress causes pathological changes in neuronal structures antioxidant compounds gained significant attention the last decades. Although several antioxidant compounds showed neuroprotective actions in Parkinson's disease models, only a few of them demonstrated protective effects against loss of striatal dopaminergic neurons. Idebenone is an analog of the well-known antioxidant compound coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Clinical safety of idebenone is well described, and due to its high antioxidant capacity currently used to treat Freidrich's ataxia and Alzheimer's disease. Like Parkinson's disease, these diseases are characterized by oxidative stress and impaired mitochondrial balance in neurons. However, knowledge about the effects of idebenone on Parkinson's disease is limited. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate and delineate the possible effects of idebenone in rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease models. Idebenone (200 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited the decrease of striatal expression of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase[quinone]-1, which is an essential element for mitochondrial respiration. Idebenone decreased the striatal levels of the lipid peroxidation products and increased the expression of glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPx-4), which is primarily known for lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Furthermore, idebenone mitigated motor impairment and increased tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuron survival. Together our results thus indicate that that idebenone has protective effects against a rotenone insult with pleiotropic actions on the cellular oxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation.The freshwater true bug Aphelocheirus aestivalis (Aphelocheiridae) is widely distributed in Europe but occurs rather locally and often in isolated populations. Moreover, it is threatened with extinction in parts of its range. Unfortunately, little is known about the genetic diversity and population structure due to the lack of molecular tools for this species. Thus, to overcome the limitations, a whole-genome sequencing has been performed to identify polymorphic microsatellite markers for A. aestivalis. The whole-genome sequencing has been performed with the Illumina MiSeq platform. Obtained paired-end reads were processed and overlapped into 2,378,426 sequences, and the subset of 267 sequences containing microsatellite motifs were then used for in silico primer designing. Finally, 56 microsatellite markers were determined and 34 of them were polymorphic. Analyses performed in two samples (collected from Drawa and Gowienica rivers, respectively) showed that the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 21, and the observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0 to 0.933 and 0.064 to 0.931, respectively. The microsatellite markers developed in the present study provide new suitable tools available for the scientific community to study A. aestivalis population dynamics. The assessment of its genetic diversity and population structure will provide important data, that can be used in population management and conservation efforts, elucidating the broad- and fine-scale population genetic structure of A. aestivalis.
The 2014 Society of Surgical Oncology/American Society for Radiation Oncology (SSO/ASTRO) breast-conserving surgery (BCS) margin guidelines for invasive cancer recommended "no ink on tumor" as an adequate margin width. However, 2016 SSO/ASTRO margin guidelines for pure DCIS recommended a 2mm margin. Thus, management of a margin with DCIS > 0mm but < 2mm differs based on presence or absence of invasive carcinoma. click here We compared rates of residual disease in patients with pure DCIS to patients with invasive cancer with DCIS.

BCS with complete shaved cavity margins (SCM) for invasive carcinoma or pure DCIS from 2004 to 2006 at our institution was reviewed. Margin width was measured on the main specimen and the presence of carcinoma in the SCM was used as a surrogate for residual disease in the cavity. Rates of residual disease were determined for varying margin widths of invasive carcinoma and DCIS.

Of 329 BCS patients, 123 (37%) patients had pure DCIS and 206 (63%) had invasive cancer with DCIS. In the pure DCIS cohort, 61 patients had DCIS between 0 and 2mm from the inked margin; 32 (52%) of which had residual disease in the SCM. In the invasive cancer plus DCIS cohort, 92 had DCIS between 0 and 2mm from the inked margin; 39 (42%) of which had residual disease in the SCM (p = 0.221).

Rates of residual disease are similar in patients treated with lumpectomy for pure DCIS and those with invasive carcinoma with DCIS when DCIS is found between 0 and 2mm from the inked margin.
Rates of residual disease are similar in patients treated with lumpectomy for pure DCIS and those with invasive carcinoma with DCIS when DCIS is found between 0 and 2 mm from the inked margin.Risk prediction is one of the central goals of medicine. However, ultimate prediction-perfectly predicting whether individuals will actually get a disease-is still out of reach for virtually all conditions. One crucial assumption of ultimate personalized prediction is that individual risks in the relevant sense exist. In the present paper we argue that perfect prediction at the individual level will fail-and we will do so by providing pragmatic, epistemic, conceptual, and ontological arguments.Limited evidence-based, interactive, Internet-delivered preoperative preparation programs for children and their parents exist. The purpose of this investigation was to compare the Internet-delivered, preoperative program (I-PPP) in alleviating anxiety in children undergoing outpatient surgery delivered alone (I-PPP) and in conjunction with parental presence (I-PPP + parent) to treatment as usual (TAU). 104 children undergoing day surgery procedures at a local hospital and their parents/guardians participated. Primary outcome measures (a) observer-rated child anxiety and (b) induction compliance. Results demonstrated an interaction between the I-PPP and TAU groups over time, F(1, 64) = 5.11, p = .027, partial ηp2  = .07. At anesthetic induction, the I-PPP group demonstrated lower observer-rated anxiety than TAU, F(1, 64) = 4.72, p = .034, ηp2  = .07. I-PPP group demonstrated the best anesthesia induction compliance, F(1, 64) = 4.84, p = .031, ηp2  = .07. Our findings demonstrate that the I-PPP is an efficacious preoperative preparation intervention for children. The 'real-world' uptake and integration of the I-PPP into pediatric preoperative settings require exploration going forward. Trial retrospectively registered March 2019 (Open Science Registration https//doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/2x8rg ).To examine risk factors for elevated blood pressure and hypertension in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs), compared to three other ethnic groups in the US. Weighted relative risk regression models, stratified by race/ethnicity, were used to measure the associations between risk factors and elevated blood pressure and hypertension in AI/ANs, compared to non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics, with data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. In all groups, females had a lower risk of both elevated blood pressure and hypertension than males. Increasing body mass index raised hypertension risk in all groups. In AI/ANs, financial instability increased the risk of hypertension by 88% (95% CI 1.27-2.77), but not in other groups. No other statistically significant associations were found. Future interventions should include socio-economic factors in efforts to prevent hypertension in AI/ANs.Rhinopoma microphyllum is one of the species of bats that lives in arid and semi-arid areas of Iran. The initial suggestion of the presence of two subspecies R. m. microphyllum and R. m. harrisoni based on their morphological characteristics has been questioned on the basis of small differences between the populations. Later, other researchers assigned Iranian populations of this species to one or two subspecies based on their morphological and molecular characteristics. The present study provides a phylogeographical analysis of this species using 687 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b in 81 bats in Iran, Jordan, Levant and Ethiopia. Based on mtDNA sequences, we found a low degree of genetic diversity in the Iranian populations of R. microphyllum (π = 0.0025), which shows a close relationship between the haplotypes. The analysis of genetic distance (0.15-1.93%), phylogenetic trees, and statistical parsimony network showed that all Iranian samples were grouped in the same clade, while Levant, Jordan and Ethiopian samples belonged to a different clade. Molecular dating suggested the Iranian R. microphyllum lineage split from the R. microphyllum of the Levant and Jordan clade during the Pliocene 3.18 (2.11-4.32 Ma). Taking these results into consideration, we can conclude that all Iranian specimens belong to the same subspecies as R. m. harrisoni since molecular results indicate that Iranian samples are differ from Levant subspecies (R. m. microphyllum).
Intestinal methane (CH
) gas production has been associated with a number of clinical conditions and may have important metabolic and physiological effects.

In this study, taxonomic and functional gene analyses and in vitro CH
gas measurements were used to determine if molecular markers can potentially serve as clinical tests for colonic CH
production.

We performed a cross-sectional study involving full stool samples collected from 33 healthy individuals. In vitro CH
gas measurements were obtained after 2-h incubation of stool samples and used to characterize samples as CH
positive (CH
+) and CH
negative (CH
-; n = 10 and 23, respectively). Next, we characterized the fecal microbiota through high-throughput DNA sequencing with a particular emphasis on archaeal phylum Euryarchaeota. Finally, qPCR analyses, targeting the mcrA gene, were done to determine the ability to differentiate CH
+ versus CH
- samples and to delineate major methanogen species associated with CH
production.

Methanobrevibacter was found to be the most abundant methane producer and its relative abundance provides a clear distinction between CH
+ versus CH
- samples. Its sequencing-based relative abundance detection threshold for CH
production was calculated to be 0.097%. The qPCR-based detection threshold separating CH
+ versus CH
- samples, based on mcrA gene copies, was 5.2 × 10
copies/g.

Given the decreased time-burden placed on patients, a qPCR-based test on a fecal sample can become a valuable tool in clinical assessment of CH
producing status.
Given the decreased time-burden placed on patients, a qPCR-based test on a fecal sample can become a valuable tool in clinical assessment of CH4 producing status.
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