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95%), and only 8.1% had good knowledge. Among the women, 25% had previously heard about CA, while only 2.5% were diagnosed with CA, and 50% of these women delivered by cesarean section. Analysis showed a significant relationship between women who had CA and their birth method (p = 0.000). However, there was a nonsignificant difference between the females' knowledge and their age (p = 0.297), or their level of education (p = 0.099).
The study concluded that there was a poor level of knowledge regarding CA and its complications among women who experienced pregnancy.
The study concluded that there was a poor level of knowledge regarding CA and its complications among women who experienced pregnancy.Introduction Cancer patients are among the groups at high risk in the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we aimed to determine the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) during the pandemic period and examine the prognostic factors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Method Patients with stage I-III NSCLC were treated in our hospitals between 2020-2022. Treatment responses were evaluated in patients who underwent NACT. Prognostic factors and the nutritional and inflammatory indexes were investigated. Results Thirty-eight patients received NACT. 57.9% of patients were stage-III. The objective response rate was 57.9%. Pathological complete response was obtained in 10.5% of patients. No prognostic role of inflammatory indices was determined. 21.1% of patients developed a COVID-19 infection. Disease-free survival was 19 months. Survival decreased with large tumor size and presence of metastasis. Conclusion NACT has high response rates. NACT can be used as bridging therapy in suitable patients whose surgery is postponed during the pandemic period.The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious and has taken an enormous toll on the worldwide quality of life and the global economy, in addition to the lives lost due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Precautionary measures and timely identification of the infected cases are essential to minimize the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Infection with this virus causes a spike in the proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in immune system-mediated host tissue damage, thus leading to mortality. Therefore, identifying mild, moderate, and severe cases is crucial to rendering appropriate care. Recent research has focused on identifying laboratory techniques to predict the case severity and outcome of COVID-19 cases. Low serum lymphocyte levels, low lymphocyte-to-C-reactive protein ratio, low platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, thrombocytopenia, and high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have been observed in critical infections. NLR might be a prognostic marker for disease severity. Severe cases can be triaged at hospital admission for proper treatment planning and to reduce mortality. This review highlights the potential role of NLR hematological assay in SARS-CoV-2 infection and the mechanism of neutrophilic-induced host tissue damage.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in aging women has not been extensively studied, although it is a very common disorder. Most of the research has been conducted on women of the reproductive age group, although PCOS is a disease occurring in all age groups.This study aims to provide an idea of the PCOS pattern prevalent in aging women presenting at a tertiary care center in Eastern India.
This was a prospective, single-center, observational cohort study conducted over three years, from October 2016 to September 2019. A total of 36 patients between 35 and 65 years of age were found to have PCOS according to Rotterdam's criteria during this period. These patients were prospectively followed up to study their demographic characteristics, symptoms, management, and outcomes.
A total of 80% of the women were below 40 years of age, while only 20% were above 40. In total, 70% of the women were overweight or obese. Infertility was seen in 75% of patients below 40 years of age and 28% of patients above 40. Among these, 23 (95%) conceived successfully after proper management. The main presenting complaints were infertility and menstrual irregularities. With aging, diabetes increasedfrom 24%, in below 40, to 28%, in above 40;hypertension increased from 13% to 28%. The occurrence of impaired oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and impaired lipid profile increased with age from 48% to 57% and 13% to 28%, respectively.
PCOS in aging women causes considerable morbidity and greatly affects the quality of life, although it is less understood. Further research in this field is very much needed to understand and appropriately manage the problems in aging women, to improve their quality of life.
PCOS in aging women causes considerable morbidity and greatly affects the quality of life, although it is less understood. Further research in this field is very much needed to understand and appropriately manage the problems in aging women, to improve their quality of life.
Globally, evidence suggests that one-third of nulliparous women experience delay in the first stage of labor with an increased risk of poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. With this study, we explore how clinical challenges related to prolonged labor are perceived by nurse-midwives and doctors in Tanzania.
A qualitative study with group interviews of either nurse-midwives (7 interviews) or doctors (2 interviews). A total of 37 respondents, among them 32 registered nurse-midwives and 5 doctors participated, all with experience from labor wards. A qualitative content analysis was performed. The study setting comprised one zonal consultant university hospital and one regional referral hospital in Northern Tanzania.
Clinical challenges were expressed in relation to 1) various ways of understanding prolonged labor, manifested by variations in expected duration of labor and the usage of different terms to describe prolonged labor; 2) assessing progress in labor, the partograph being described as an important tool but also a template defining a too narrow normal; 3) appropriate intervention at the appropriate time, the respondents reflect on the correct time for artificial rupture of membranes, oxytocin augmentation and cesarean section; 4) monitoring fetal heart rate, distrust in the monitoring equipment with experiences of surprisingly poor neonates; and 5) working as a team, where the perception of urgency varies and distrust is present.
Nurse-midwives and doctors in Tanzania face major challenges related to diagnosing prolonged labor, monitoring fetal heart rate and providing high quality health services as a team.
Nurse-midwives and doctors in Tanzania face major challenges related to diagnosing prolonged labor, monitoring fetal heart rate and providing high quality health services as a team.
Wildfires have increased in the last years and, when caused by intentional illegal burnings, are frequently run out of control. Wildfire has been pointed out as an important source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace elements (TEs) - such as, As, Ni, and Pb - to environmental compartments, and thus may pose a risk to human health and to the ecosystem. In 2020, the Brazilian biome, Pantanal, faced the largest losses by wildfires in the last 22years. Ashes from the topsoil layer in Pantanal were collected after these wildfires at 20 sites divided into the sediment, forest, PF, PS, and degraded sites. this website Toxicity and associated risks for human health were also evaluated. The areas highly impacted by wildfires and by artisanal gold mining activities showed higher concentrations for TEs and PAHs than the protected areas. Pb varied from 8 ± 4 to 224 ± 81mgkg
, and total PAH concentration ranged between 880 ± 314 and 1350 ± 70ngg
, at sites impacted by anthropogenic activities. Moreover, health risk assessments for TE and PAH indicated a potentially great risk for children and adults, via ingestion, inhalation, and dermal pathway. The carcinogenic risks exceeded reference values, for both TE and PAH, suggesting harmful conditions, especially for vulnerable groups, such as children and the elderly.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11869-022-01248-2.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11869-022-01248-2.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-neoplastic proliferative disease of the prostate.
(EV) reportedly possesses various pharmacological activities, including anti-lipase activity and modulation of various antioxidative enzymes. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic potential of EV against BPH in a testosterone-induced BPH rat model.
Rats were subjected to a daily subcutaneous injection of testosterone (3 mg kg
) for 4 weeks to induce BPH. Along with testosterone, rats in the treatment group were administered finasteride (10 mg kg
) or EV (150 mg kg
) via oral gavage. Prostatic cancer (LNCaP) cell line was used to examine the effect of EV.
Finasteride and EV significantly decrease the relative prostate weight, serum levels of dihydrotestosterone and testosterone, and prostate epithelial thickness. Testosterone injection induced prostatic hyperplasia and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression; however, EV treatment significantly attenuated these effects. Moreover, finasteride-tatic proliferation, apoptosis, response to inflammation, and oxidative stress in the BPH rat model, and may, therefore, serve as a useful therapeutic agent for BPH.Airway remodeling is an umbrella term for structural changes in the conducting airways that occur in chronic inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The pathobiology of remodeling involves multiple mesenchymal and lymphoid cell types and finally leads to a variety of hardly reversible changes such as hyperplasia of goblet cells, thickening of the reticular basement membrane, deposition of collagen, peribronchial fibrosis, angiogenesis and hyperplasia of bronchial smooth muscle cells. In order to develop solutions for prevention or innovative therapies, these complex processes must be understood in detail which requires their deconstruction into individual building blocks. In the present manuscript we therefore focus on the role of the airway epithelium and introduce Drosophila melanogaster as a model. The simple architecture of the flies' airways as well as the lack of adaptive immunity allows to focus exclusively on the importance of the epithelium for the remodeling processes. We will review and discuss genetic and environmentally induced changes in epithelial structures and molecular responses and propose an integrated framework of research for the future.
To evaluate the predictive value of combination of Bedside Index for Severity in AP (BISAP) score and miR-155 for the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP).
A total of 1046 AP patients were divided into control group and case group according to the severity of AP [mild and moderately severe AP vs severe AP (SAP)]. Demographic data, comorbidities, clinical characteristics and laboratory data were collected. Multivariate analysis was conducted for the variables with two-sided
<0.10 in univariate analysis to identify independent associated factors for progression to SAP in AP patients. The predictive values were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the area under curve (AUC) was compared using
test.
A total of 117 (11.2%) patients were evaluated as SAP. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, hypertension, ICU admission, hospital stay, Leukocytes, CRP,BUN, BISAP score and miR-155 between case group and control group (
<0.05), and the
value of Fibrinogen was <0.
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