Notes

N-Glycomics associated with Man Erythrocytes.
Three new species of ghost moth, Oxycanus ephemerous sp. nov., O. flavoplumosus sp. nov., and O. petalous sp. nov. are described from South Australia, New South Wales, and south-west Western Australia, respectively. We illustrate these species and compare morphological and molecular (mtDNA COI gene) characters with similar Oxycanus Walker, 1856 species from Australia. Comparative images of Oxycanus subvaria (Walker, 1856), O. byrsa (Pfitzner, 1933), and O. determinata (Walker, 1856) are figured. The type material of the three new species are held in the Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, the Western Australian Museum, Perth, and in the South Australian Museum, Adelaide. The type specimens of Oxycanus hildae Tindale, 1964 syn. n. were also examined and the taxon is here considered synonymous with O. subvaria. Concerns are raised about the conservation status of all three new species due to few or localised distribution records.Described from Odessa and North Caucasus, the Southern Barbed-wire Bush-cricket, Onconotus servillei Fischer von Waldheim (1846) has a distribution restricted to steppe habitats in Eastern Europe, European Russia up to Western Siberia (Fig. 1A) (Storozhenko 1994; Cigliano et al. 2019).The new species of Phlaeothripidae described here was found breeding in the leaf litter under five unrelated tree species of the plant families Cupressaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae, Myrtaceae and Pinaceae at the Kunming City Arboretum, Yunnan, China. Species of the genus Allothrips feed on the spores of fungi on the surface of dead leaves and dead wood, and the adults are usually wingless (Mound 1972). A total of 24 taxa are currently listed within this genus, and bibliographic details for each of these is available on ThripsWiki (2019). In a revision of the genus worldwide, Mound (1972) recognized only four species, but with eight subspecies in the Eurasian pillichellus, and six subspecies in the North American megacephalus. Three of the subspecies of megacephalus were described from Australia, but were presumed to have been imported by human trading across the Pacific Ocean. Subsequently, Okajima and Urushihara (1997) described expansus from Thailand as a further subspecies of megacephalus.Frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus are direct developing frogs grouped into five subgenera and 192 species, with a geographic distribution primarily centered in the Caribbean (Padial et al. 2014). Eleutherodactylus species inhabit a variety of environments such as tropical and temperate forests, and scrub, where they occupy different microhabitats including caves, floors rich in leaf litter, cracks and cavities of limestone and volcanic outcrops (Reyes-Velasco et al. 2015). Mexico harbors 33 species of Eleutherodactylus (AmphibiaWeb 2018), most of them distributed in central-western and southwestern Mexico (Reyes-Velasco et al. 2015).The Leptobrachium genus is currently composed of 36 species distributed in Southern China, India, islands of the Sunda Shelf, and the Philippines (Frost 2019). In China, 11 species of the genus Leptobrachium are currently known (AmphibiaChina 2019), of which, the following nine are Chinese endemic L. bompu (Sondhi Ohler 2011), L. boringii (Liu 1945), L. guangxiense (Fei, Mo, Ye Jiang 2009), L. hainanense (Ye Fei 1993), L. huashen (Fei Ye 2005), L. leishanense (Liu Hu 1973), L. liui (Pope 1947), L. promustache (Rao, Wilkinson Zhang 2006) and L. tengchongense (Yang, Wang Chan 2016). These species have different morphologies, narrow distribution areas, and their taxonomy is subject to controversy (AmphibiaChina 2019). The megophryid genus Leptobrachium was considered to contain two subgenera Vibrissaphora and Leptobrachium (Matsui et al. 2010). Five Leptobrachium species, L. ailaonicum, L. boringii, L. leishanense, L. liui, and L. promustache, were originally classified as Vibrissaphora, based on adult males bearing spines on the upper lip (Fei Ye 2016). However, recent phylogenetic studies showed that Vibrissaphora was not a subgenus and placed within the genus Leptobrachium (Zheng et al. 2008; Matsui et al. 2010).Two previously unrecognized species of Sinacroneuria Yang Yang, 1995 are formally described from Chinese specimens collected in Fujian Province. In addition, S. orientalis Yang Yang, 1995 type of the genus, is a synonym of Kamimuria flavata Navás, 1933, however K. flavata is a secondary homonym of Perla (Kamimuria) flavata Navás, 1924 and is invalid. A checklist of valid Sinacroneuria species is provided.A new species of the genus Goera, G. rupicola, is described based on adult and immature stages from Amami-Oshima, southwestern Japan. 6-Aminonicotinamide purchase The larvae of this species inhabit wet cliff faces where water trickles over the surface. This is the first madicolous species reported in the genus Goera.A new species of the stonefly perlid genus Flavoperla, F. galerispina sp. nov., is described from the Huaping National Nature Reserve in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. The relationships based on morphological characteristics of the new species and related species are discussed.The following species of the genus Obrium Dejean, 1821 are currently listed for Argentina O. bifasciatum Martins and Galileo, 2003; O. cantharinum cantharinum (Linnaeus, 1767); O. cicatricosum Gounelle, 1909; O. multifarium Berg, 1889; O. trifasciatum Bosq, 1951; O. vicinum Gounelle, 1909. Two new species are described O. mimicum and O. trilobatum. The species are illustrated; a key to species of the genus occurring in Argentina is provided. The geographic distribution and the host plants in the country are mentioned.A new species of callianassid mud shrimp is described from outer continental shelf waters of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, where it appears to commonly live in close association with sediments on or near natural hydrocarbon seeps. Recent genus-level taxonomic revisions of the Callianassidae, based on gene sequence analyses and comparative morphological studies, included specimens representing this new species, assigning it with strong support to the genus Pugnatrypaea Poore et al., 2019. The other known species of this genus are also typically found in offshore waters of continental shelves, but are all restricted in distribution to the Indo-West Pacific and are known from relatively few specimens. Collections of this new Gulf of Mexico representative of the genus are all from slightly deeper waters than for other known congeners, and commonly occur near hydrocarbon seeps, on some occasions being directly associated with sulfidic substrates that include waxy crude oil globules.Katydids from the subfamily Meconematinae sing at ultrasonic frequencies. Owing that many of them are nocturnal, elusive and low in abundance (since they are predatory), there is a dearth of information on these katydids and their bioacoustics, especially for species in the understudied yet mega-diverse Southeast Asia. Recent orthopteran surveys in Laguna, Luzon Island in the Philippines led to the discovery of two interesting Meconematinae katydids. Based on the collection, we describe a new species of Phisidini Neophisis (Indophisis) montealegrei sp. nov. We also describe the male for the first time and redescribe the female of Asiophlugis philippina. The ultrasonic calling songs of both Meconematinae are also recorded, analysed and described here.The taxonomic status of the elegans-group of Alona s. lato (Cladocera Anomopoda Chydoridae) is herein examined. The West Palearctic Alona elegans Kurz, 1875 and poorly known African taxon Coronatella cf. bukobensis (Weltner, 1897) are redescribed, and new data on morphology of Coronatella circumfimbriata (Megard, 1967) and Coronatella rectangula (Sars, 1861) is added. Based on analysis of original and literature data, the elegans-group is herein suggested as a separate subgenus within the genus Coronatella, namely Coronatella (Ephemeralona) subgen. nov. Main diagnostic features of the latter include (1) seta arising from the basal segment of antenna endopodite much longer than endopodite; (2) acessory seta of limb I long, almost as long as ODL seta; (3) setae 2-3 of IDL armed with uniform thin setulae; (4) exopodite of limb II with a very short, rudimentary seta. Coronatella (Ephemeralona) subgen. nov. is a morphologically uniform basal group of the genus. It is distributed mostly in the arid belt of the Old World, with a single species known from South Africa. C. (Coronatella) is distributed worldwide; it is composed of several distinct species-groups with overlapping areas of distribution. A checklist of Coronatella species is provided.The Detarieae, a small tribe of tropical arborescent Leguminosae, has been reported as host of two species of jumping plant-lice the Neotropical Macrocorsa beeryi (Caldwell) on Hymenaea courbaril and the Afrotropical Retroacizzia mopanei (Pettey) on Colophospermum mopane. Here we add from Brazil 18 new species of Colophorina, Jataiba gen. nov. and Mitrapsylla from Copaifera, as well as nine species of Jataiba gen. nov. and Platycorypha from Hymenaea. In addition to Jataiba, a new genus which is created for five new species on Copaifera and one on Hymenaea, we erect the new genus Apsyllopsis for Psyllopsis mexicana, which is synonymised with Psyllia beeryi Caldwell. Two new combinations are proposed Apsyllopsis mexicana (Crawford), comb. nov. from Psyllopsis, and Epiacizzia favis (Brown Hodkinson), comb. nov. from Euphalerus. The new taxa are described and illustrated, and keys are provided for the identification of adults and immatures, as far as known. Immatures of Apsyllopsis and Colophorina induce galls on the leaves whereas those of the other taxa are free-living. Colophorina spp. seem to be monophagous whereas members of the other genera tend to be oligophagous. All host species are associated with two or more psyllid species. Copaifera langsdorffii, which hosts 11 species of three genera, constitutes a super-host.Dusky salamanders (Desmognathus) constitute a large, species-rich group within the family Plethodontidae, and though their systematic relationships have been addressed extensively, most studies have centered on particular species complexes and therefore offer only piecemeal phylogenetic perspective on the genus. Recent work has revealed Desmognathus to be far more clade rich-35 reciprocally monophyletic clades versus 22 recognized species-than previously imagined, results that, in turn, provide impetus for additional survey effort within clades and across geographic areas thus far sparsely sampled. We conceived and implemented a sampling regime combining level IV ecoregions and independent river drainages to yield a geographic grid for comprehensive recovery of all genealogically exclusive clades. We sampled over 550 populations throughout the distribution of Desmognathus in the eastern United States of America and generated mitochondrial DNA sequence data (mtDNA; 1,991 bp) for 536 specimens. A Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction of the resulting haplotypes revealed forty-five reciprocally monophyletic clades, eleven of which have never been included in a comprehensive phylogenetic reconstruction, and an additional three not represented in any molecular systematic survey. Although general limitations associated with mtDNA data preclude new species delineation, we profile each of the 45 clades and assign names to 10 new clades (following a protocol for previous clade nomenclature). We also redefine several species complexes and erect new informal species complexes. Our dataset, which contains topotypic samples for nearly every currently recognized species and most synonymies, will offer a robust framework for future efforts to delimit species within Desmognathus.
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