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Beneficial effects involving infra-red light-emitting diode throughout corticosteroid-resistant asthma.
74), response inhibition (g = -0.71), inhibition of cognitive sets (g = -0.76). Subgroup analyses revealed that Stroop outcome measure (reaction time vs. accuracy) and recruitment source (clinical vs. community) moderated interference control deficits. Together these findings support a generalized inhibition deficit in aMCI, and suggest that inhibition tasks should be included routinely in neuropsychological test batteries to provide a more comprehensive overview of executive dysfunction in aMCI.Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) remains a worldwide healthcare challenge. Preterm labor (PTL) is thought to be the largest reversible cause of sPTB, but current tocolytic therapies are ineffective and associated with systemic side effects from chronic use. Therefore, identifying novel mechanisms that promote human uterine smooth muscle (hUSM) relaxation is essential to improving clinical management of PTL. Here, we aimed to determine if an extraocular opsin receptor (OPN 3,4,5) system is expressed in pregnant hUSM and to characterize how photo-mediated relaxation of pre-contracting hUSM may be facilitated by external application of light. Translational studies were performed with hUSM from healthy late gestation patients (n = 8) and non-pregnant, similarly aged patients undergoing hysterectomy (n = 4). First, RT-PCR screened for mRNA coding for components of the classical extraocular light receptors (OPN 3,4,5). We found a restricted repertoire of opsin receptors (OPN3) expressed in pregnant hUSM tissue. Immunohistochemistry was performed to confirm protein expression. Pre-contracting late gestation hUSM strips were studied in functional organ bath studies to determine if photo-mediated relaxation is intensity or wavelength dependent. Functional organ bath studies revealed acute photo-mediated relaxation occurring in an intensity- and wavelength-dependent manner. Finally, coimmunoprecipitation of OPN3 with Gs following light activation suggests that a component of photo-relaxation occurs via G protein-coupled receptor machinery. This is the first report of light-mediated relaxation of pre-contracted human myometrium. Activation of endogenous light receptors on human myometrium may become a novel, non-invasive tocolytic strategy.Since the beginning of this century, the use of postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) in forensic autopsies has increased. In this study we examined how similar dental charts created using PMCT as a solitary examination mode were to dental charts created using the conventional method of a clinical inspection including intraoral radiographs. A total of 100 previously performed dental identification cases were retrospectively included in the study. For each case, a dental chart was created solely based upon PMCT. The PMCT based dental chart was subsequently compared with the chart created from the previous conventional identification examination. Based upon the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity values PMCT performed very well compared to the conventional method in the identification concerning presence or absence of teeth, the presence of crowns, bridges and endodontic treatments as well as the presence and types of fillings. PMCT performed poorly concerning the extension of fillings and identification of small, tooth-colored fillings. The use of PMCT is a valuable supplement to the conventional methods available for forensic odontologists and may be of great value for initial screening in mass fatalities.Complete decapitation as a result of a suicidal hanging is rarely observed in forensic practice. The authors report a case of a 38-year-old man hanging from a bridge with a 4.2 m nylon rope. The man, weighing 70 kg, was wearing a 6.5 kg rucksack. The headless body was found lying in the river below the bridge and his head was found the next day in the river 6 m away from the bridge. Autopsy findings recorded a regular and concentric skin abrasion pattern and cervical spine transection between C2 and C3. Radiologic study depicted C2-C3 neck transection and the fracture of the left lamina and the spinous process of the axis. The force applied to the neck and the kinetic energy were calculated.Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a treatment option for aggressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) that has been derived from haematological indications and repurposed for treatment of refractory autoimmune diseases. In the present review, a search for clinical studies on AHSCT was performed on the PubMed website and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. Papers were selected according to the following criteria text written in English language, publication date between 2014 and August 2019, and reports including more than five patients. Prospective randomised and uncontrolled trials and retrospective case series were reviewed to examine the safety and efficacy of the procedure. Treatment protocols, pathological data and economic aspects of AHSCT were also succinctly covered. learn more Growing evidence suggests that long-term suppression of inflammatory activity with stabilization or improvement of disability can be achieved in a high proportion of properly selected patients. More sophisticated outcome measures recently adopted, including effect on brain atrophy and disease biomarkers, are giving further insight into the effectiveness of transplant. The risks of the procedure have decreased to levels that can be considered acceptable for treatment of individuals with aggressive forms of MS. link2 Careful selection of patients with an expected good benefit/risk profile, which is maximal when AHSCT is performed in early phases of the disease, and the expertise of transplant centres are critical to the success of treatment. Higher efficacy of AHSCT than with conventional treatments has recently been demonstrated by one randomised trial and further evidence is awaited from ongoing and planned trials comparing AHSCT with the most effective disease-modifying therapeutic agents.A complex relationship exists between thyroid and liver in health and disease. Liver plays an essential physiological role in thyroid hormone activation and inactivation, transport, and metabolism. Conversely, thyroid hormones affect activities of hepatocytes and hepatic metabolism. Serum liver enzyme abnormalities observed in hypothyroidism may be related to impaired lipid metabolism, hepatic steatosis or hypothyroidism-induced myopathy. Severe hypothyroidism may have biochemical and clinical features, such as hyperammonemia and ascites, mimicking those of liver failure. Liver function tests are frequently abnormal also in hyperthyroidism, due to oxidative stress, cholestasis, or enhanced osteoblastic activity. Antithyroid drug-associated hepatotoxicity is a rare event, likely related mainly to an idiosyncratic mechanism, ranging from a mild hepatocellular damage to liver failure. Propylthiouracil-induced liver damage is usually more severe than that caused by methimazole. On the other hand, thyroid abnormalities can be found in liver diseases, such as chronic hepatitis C, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma. In particular, autoimmune thyroid diseases are frequently found in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. These patients, especially if thyroid autoimmunity preexists, are at risk of hypothyroidism or, less frequently, thyrotoxicosis, during and after treatment with interpheron-alpha alone or in combination with ribavirin, commonly used before the introduction of new antiviral drugs. The present review summarizes both liver abnormalities related to thyroid disorders and their treatment, and thyroid abnormalities related to liver diseases and their treatment.PURPOSE This retrospective study aimed to assess the association between obesity, gender, and specific clinicopathological features in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and whether diagnostic ultrasonography (US) is adversely affected by obesity in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed 13,995 adult patients with PTC from a single medical center in China. Data stratification was performed to assess the association of obesity with US features and aggressive clinicopathological features in different models according to the World Health Organization Body Mass Index (WHO-BMI) and Chinese BMI classification (CN-BMI). The odds ratio (OR) of malignant US features and aggressive clinicopathological features was calculated from binary logistic regression models. RESULTS The BMI, obesity ratio, malignant US features, and aggressive pathological characteristics of males were significantly higher than those of females. After adjusting for confounding factors, the association of obesity with malignant US features and aggressive pathological characteristics was found to be sex-dependent. link3 Next, obesity (WHO-BMI) was found to have an "interfering effect" on the US assessment of PTC (OR = 0.754, 95% CI 0.609-0.932, P = 0.009) in women. Among both sexes, obesity (WHO-BMI) increased the risk of tumor size (ORmale = 1.539 and ORfemale = 1.521) and multifocality (ORmale = 1.659 and ORfemale = 1.449). However, obesity did not increase the risk of capsular invasion or tumor staging in males. The above results are consistent with the CN-BMI. In addition, age was found to have an "interfering effect" on the US evaluation of malignant nodules in both sexes. CONCLUSION The results of our study confirm that higher BMI is significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features of PTC. Gender differences were present with obesity ratios and aggressive clinicopathological features being significantly higher in men.BACKGROUND Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. However, little is known about the role that exosomes play in the process of TSH-induced lipotoxicity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). As a preliminary step, the present study set out to investigate alterations in protein expression in exosomes derived from TSH-stimulated HepG2 cells. METHODS HepG2 cells were treated with TSH, exosomes were collected, and proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (MS). Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed to analyze the identified proteins. RESULTS TSH treatment significantly increased exosomal production and changed the exosomal proteomic profile in HepG2 cells. Among the 1728 proteins, 140 identified proteins were upregulated and seven proteins were downregulated. GO analysis and KEGG analysis revealed that these proteins were involved in multiple processes including metabolism, apoptosis, and inflammation. CONCLUSION Our preliminary study demonstrated that exosomes derived from TSH-stimulated hepatocytes were increased and showed a specific altered spectrum of proteins, many of which were involved in metabolism, signal transduction, apoptosis, and inflammation. This study offers new insights into the pathogenesis of TSH-induced lipotoxicity in NAFLD.PURPOSE To retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of percutaneous ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treatment of adrenal metastasis (AM), and to compare with adrenalectomy (Adx). METHODS From June 2008 to August 2018, a total of 60 patients with AM treated at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed, of whom 29 treated by RFA (RFA group) and 31 by Adx (Adx group). The technical success, local tumor progression (LTP) and overall survival (OS) after the treatment were evaluated and compared. RESULTS In RFA group, the first technical success was 72.4% and the second technical success was 86.2%. In Adx group, all the AMs were successfully resected. After 24.5 ± 19.1 months follow-up period, a total of 8 patients (6 in RFA group and 2 in Adx group) were detected LTP. The 1-, 2- and 3- LTP rates after treatment were 17.1%, 30.9% and 44.7% in RFA group, and 6.5%, 6.5% and 6.5% in Adx group, respectively (P = 0.028). However, for AM ≤ 5 cm, the LTP between the two groups were comparable (P = 0.
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