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Innovative programs are needed to build a pipeline of future nurse scientists necessary to generate practice-based evidence for optimal healthcare and to address the serious shortage of PhD-prepared nurses. This paper describes two nurse scholar programs based in one large, Magnet® designated healthcare institution that aim to provide clinical registered nurses (RNs) with mentored research opportunities in order to ultimately build an internal pipeline of practice-based nurse scientists. The Clinical Nurse Scholar Program provides clinical RNs the opportunity to conduct a research study under the mentorship of a senior nurse scientist. The Nursing Research Scholar Program provides a clinical RN enrolled in a PhD program or who recently completed a PhD program with an opportunity to gain enhanced research training and acquire new research skills. These two scholar models have the potential to be replicated in other institutions to enhance the development of future nurse scientists and to address a critical national shortage of PhD-prepared nurse scientists.This paper describes a three-semester hour applied research course taught over three semesters in a revamped PhD research curriculum at a Midwestern high research activity (R2) university-based nursing program. Faculty developed this strategy to help students become adequately prepared nurse scientists. Students and faculty engaged in a collaborative research project to provide students with opportunities to develop, integrate, and apply research knowledge, skills, and attitudes while concurrently advancing through the related research courses. A summary of these experiences and what was learned is organized within a knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSA) framework. The collaboration between faculty and student peers was essential to students' success in the course. Student and faculty perspectives were used to describe what was learned during the first year this course was taught, together with future recommendations.Based upon an awareness of the need to increase its policy footprint, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing's (AACN) Board of Directors convened a think tank of nurse experts in the field of policy curriculum to advise the Board. The goal of the think tank was to review the current landscape, analyze trends, and create a set of recommendations for AACN's Board to consider. The Faculty Policy Think Tank (FPTT) met between 2016 and 2017 to review and reflect on methods to increase expertise of nursing faculty and students in health policy and make recommendations to the AACN Board to advance the agenda of the organization, member schools, and the profession. This article describes the methods and processes the Think Tank employed to develop a set of recommendations for the AACN Board of Directors.Objective The aim of this case report was to document a case of delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction of the gingiva to chlorhexidine and review the literature on oral mucosal hypersensitivity reactions associated to chlorhexidine-containing oral hygiene products. Study design A 58-year-old man presented with a well-demarcated erythematous area on the right upper anterior gingiva. Incisional biopsy was performed. Postoperatively, chlorhexidine digluconate gel was prescribed twice a day, but the patient did not use it because he experienced intense burning immediately after the first application. The microscopic diagnosis was nonspecific mucositis. Hypersensitivity reaction was suspected. The patient reported use of 0.004% chlorhexidine digluconate-based toothpaste twice a day in the past few years. A delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to the toothpaste was hypothesized, and its use was discontinued. Chlorhexidine, the common ingredient of both the toothpaste and the gel, was considered the allergen. The literature was reviewed on chlorhexidine-induced oral hypersensitivity reactions. Results Two weeks after cessation of toothpaste use, complete remission of the lesion was observed without additional intervention. Four years later, no recurrence has been reported. The literature review yielded 7 studies reporting 20 patients with intraoral manifestations of hypersensitivity reactions associated with chlorhexidine-containing oral hygiene products. Conclusions Clinicians should be aware that oral hygiene products containing even low concentrations of chlorhexidine might induce hypersensitivity reactions.Short and long sleep duration have been associated with risk of obesity in children and adolescents. Evidence in adults is more mixed, with biological and psychosocial factors underlying these relationships mostly unknown. This review aimed at qualitatively and quantitatively summarizing previous studies on sleep duration as a predictor of obesity in adults in order to provide an update of the state of art in this field and clarify these relationships. Odds ratios at 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were estimated using random-effects models. mTOR phosphorylation Heterogeneity of effects distribution and publication bias were tested. Twelve articles were selected for short sleep (n = 154,936) and eight for long sleep duration (n = 152,192). Results indicated that short sleep duration (OR 1.412; 95% CI 1.177-1.694) was significantly associated with the risk of future obesity, and that long sleep duration (OR 0.995; 95% CI 0.889-1.114) was not associated. Heterogeneity was high and lowered to non-significant values when considering gender and extremes of short/long sleep duration. Results seem to confirm a potential role of short sleep duration in predicting but results on long sleep are still mixed. Future investigations on potential mediators of such relationships are needed.Context The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raised concerns about the safety of laparoscopy due to the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diffusion in surgical smoke. Although no case of SARS-CoV-2 contagion related to surgical smoke has been reported, several international surgical societies recommended caution or even discouraged the use of a laparoscopic approach. Objective To evaluate the risk of virus spread due to surgical smoke during surgical procedures. Evidence acquisition We searched PubMed and Scopus for eligible studies, including clinical and preclinical studies assessing the presence of any virus in the surgical smoke from any surgical procedure or experimental model. Evidence synthesis We identified 24 studies. No study was found investigating SARS-CoV-2 or any other coronavirus. About other viruses, hepatitis B virus was identified in the surgical smoke collected during different laparoscopic surgeries (colorectal resections, gastrectomies, and hepatic wedge resections).
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