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A study associated with methodologies on causal effects techniques throughout meta-analyses regarding randomized governed trials.
Sam68 mRNA expression was significantly decreased only at the maximum transfection concentration of 50nM and Sam68 protein expression was not significantly affected. These findings suggest that CIRBP may regulate the expression of Sam68 at the transcriptional level and the expression of phospho-ERK1/2 protein, both of which protect against heat-stress-induced testicular injury in mice.Paracetamol (PAR) is one of the most commonly used drugs by pregnant women because it is considered safe for the mother and fetus. However, PAR is transferred into breast milk and crosses the blood-placental barrier, being present in the progeny during important stages of development. Intrauterine exposure to PAR may decrease the anogenital distance and follicle reserve in female rodent offspring. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether maternal PAR treatment altered the reproductive behaviour of dams and the sexual development of female rat offspring. Pregnant Wistar rats were gavaged daily with 350mg kg-1 day-1 PAR or water during gestation (from Gestation Day (GD) 6 until delivery) or during gestation and lactation (from GD6 until weaning). Maternal PAR treatment had maternal effects (increased grooming behaviour), and resulted in impaired sexual behaviour, decreased follicle reserve and increased plasma oestradiol concentrations in female offspring.Artistic technique and scientific discovery are superficially contradictory, but are unified at their core as products of creativity. I have always embraced both disciplines, but at some point during my academic journey, I lost my imagination and ability to dream creatively. For over a decade, I have remained passionate about perfecting a way to retrieve this intrinsic component of myself, and nurture it in my students and peers. We must think anew and act anew - bridge the gulf between the disciplines of art and science - if we are to rescue creativity in scientific discovery, and retain many of the bright minds that burn out and even leave academia in science. Surrealism and fractals in nature are such bridges, and offer a space for early career scientists to embrace the full breadth and cultural capacity of science. Here, I present a retrospective review of artworks I have produced over nearly two decades, in considering how they reflect my mindset and relationship with science at various stages of my academic journey.In this paper, we will study two independent economies in a country (national, regional and urban), where the dynamics of fluctuations in each economy is described by Keynes's mathematical business cycle model. This is an interaction of two economies which include trade and competition. In the resulting system that consists of two independent economic entities, we show that fluctuations can emerge as two possible types of economic indicators (synchronous and antiphase) when the peaks and downturns of business activities in each of the economies are completely synchronized or on the contrary when the rise of one economy is accompanied by a recession (antiphase cycles). Our aim is to examine the stability question of solutions of the cognate mathematical model. Our analysis of the mathematical model will render methods of the theory of dynamical systems, such as the method of integral manifolds and the Poincare normal forms. This approach will provide a sufficient analysis of the dynamics of solutions of a system of differential equations, which is used as a mathematical model. Asymptotic formulas will be obtained for solutions that depict economic cycles.We build on Nonlinear Dynamic Systems (NDS) theory to examine if team performance change across a complete performance cycle is nonlinear, and if such change is related with team processes change over time. Participants were 214 teams enrolled in one management competition. The hypotheses were tested using nonlinear regressions and catastrophe modeling. The results of the nonlinear regression model support the hypothesis that change in team performance over time follows a cusp catastrophe distribution, R2Cusp = .93, F(5, 1065) = 16889.82, p less then .001; and that team processes do function as asymmetry (transition and action processes) and bifurcation (interpersonal processes) factors. The results also suggest that the cusp catastrophe model (R2 = .68) explains team performance better than the linear (R2 = .05) and logistic models (R2 = .07). This study reiterates the importance of incorporating the NDS perspective within the teamwork literature to leverage our knowledge about the way teams perform over time.We study the knowledge acquisition process in a teaching-learning scenario that takes place within the classroom. We explore two complementary approaches, which include classroom observations and student surveys, and the formulation of theoretical models through the use of statistical physics tools. We develop an analytical model and a set of dynamics agent-based models that allow us to understand global behaviors, as well as to follow individual trajec-tories in the knowledge acquisition process. As a proxy of the final achievements of the students we use their final grade, allowing us to assess the validity of our approach. Our models, supported by observations and surveys, reproduce fairly well the process of acquiring knowledge of the students. This work sheds light on the internal dynamics of the classroom and allows us to understand some global aspects of the teaching-learning process.Synchronization is a special case of self-organization in which one can observe close mimicry in behavior of the system components. Synchrony in body movements, autonomic arousal, and EEG activity among human individuals has attracted considerable attention for their possible roles in social interaction. This article is specifically concerned with autonomic synchrony and finding the best model for the dyadic relationships, with regard to both theoretical and empirical accuracy, that could be extrapolated to synchrony levels for groups and teams of three or more people. The four models that are compared in this study have different theoretical origins the two-variable linear regression function, a three-parameter nonlinear regression function, the logistic map function stated in polynomial form, and the logistic map function stated as an exponential regression structure. The data for this study were electrodermal responses collected from a team of four people engaged in an emergency response simulation that produced 12 dyadic time series. Results shows strong levels of fit between the data and all four models, although there were significant differences among them. Further research directions point toward finding conditions that favor one model over another and exploring other possible nonlinear structures.The analysis of handwriting has been used in several contexts. For example, handwriting has shown to be of value in the study of motor symptoms in neurological and mental disorders. In the present work, the geometric analysis of handwriting patterns is proposed as a tool to evaluate motor symptoms in psychotic disorders. Specifically, we have employed the lacunarity, a measure of the heterogeneity of a spatial structure. Forty-two patients with a psychotic disorder and 35 matched healthy controls participated in the study. Participants were asked to copy some patterns with a pen on a white paper. The results showed that lacunarity was significantly higher in handwritten patterns from patients than from controls. In addition, we found higher values of lacunarity in handwritten patterns from patients with severe motor symptoms in comparison with patients with mild or absent motor symptoms. Lacunarity of handwritten patterns was significantly correlated with clinical scores of rigidity. In conclusion we argue that the heterogeneity of handwritten patterns could be used as a simple and objective measure of motor symptoms.Since its beginning in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the disease caused by COVID-19 has reached more than 27 million confirmed cases and more than 880 thousand deaths worldwide by early September 2020. Although it is known that some of these deaths may have been influenced by the overload of health systems, the world medical literature lacks data on deaths due to COVID-19 in patients who have not received medical assistance. We conducted a retrospective transversal study to report the clinical and epidemiological profile of the first 200 consecutive cases of home deaths without medical assistance caused by COVID-19 diagnosed by verbal autopsy and real-time PCR in samples of postmortem nasopharyngeal swabs, in the state of Ceara, in Northeastern Brazil. The data show a slightly increased prevalence of cases in males (57%) and an average age of 76.8 years. Previous comorbidities were reported in 85.5% of cases, the most common being cardiovascular disease (45%), neurological disease (30%), and diabetes (29%). The main symptoms reported were dyspnea (79%), fever (75.5%), cough (69%), and fatigue (42.5%). The average time between the onset of illness and death was 7.3 days, being statistically shorter in patients who had previous comorbidities (P = 0.0215). This is the first study to evidence the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 home deaths without medical assistance, which may represent a considerable portion of the pandemic burden, especially in the context of health system overload.As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, there is growing concordance and persisting conflicts on the virus and the disease process. We discuss limited transmissibility of the virus by asymptomatic and mild cases of COVID-19 patients in Bhutan. We followed up the secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the contacts of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients in Bhutan. Bhutan had 33 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the country as of May 29, 2020. Of these, 22 (67%) were females. Except the first two cases (American tourists), the rest were Bhutanese living outside the country. The mean age of the Bhutanese patients was 26.3 (range 16-33) years. Close contacts of 27 of the 33 cases were followed up for signs and symptoms and COVID-19 positivity. The first two cases had 73 and 97 primary contacts, respectively, and equal number of secondary contacts (224). From the third case, a mandatory 21-day facility quarantine was instituted, all primary contacts were facility quarantined, and there were no secondary contacts. In total, the 27 cases had 1,095 primary contacts and 448 secondary contacts. selleck chemicals llc Of these, 75 individuals were categorized as definite high-risk contacts. Secondary transmission occurred in seven high-risk contacts. Therefore, the overall secondary transmission was 9.0% (7/75) and 0.6% (7/1,095) among the high-risk and primary contacts, respectively. No transmission occurred in the secondary contacts. In contrast to several reports indicating high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 in contacts of confirmed cases, the mostly young, asymptomatic, and mild cases of COVID-19 in Bhutan showed limited secondary transmission.Healthcare workers (HCWs) in Afghanistan faced many challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted from July 4, 2020 to July 12, 2020 to evaluate the working conditions and health situation of HCWs in Afghanistan during the pandemic. Healthcare workers from 34 provinces, who were actively working in Afghan hospitals, were invited to participate in this study; 925 HCWs completed the survey. The results showed that 85% of the HCWs participated in the study were tested positive for COVID-19. This highlights the critical need of HCWs for personal protective equipment when caring for suspected and/or confirmed cases of the COVID-19.
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