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Cherry angiomas (CAs) are very common asymptomatic vascular skin lesions. There are only a few studies on CAs in the literature and those assessing risk factors of CAs are scarce. The aim of our study was to determine risk factors for the development of CAs.

A case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients underwent a full-body examination for CAs. Demographics and other data including medical history and medications were extracted from electronic medical records.

A total of three hundred patients were enrolled one hundred cases with at least five CAs and two hundred controls without CAs. Bivariate analysis identified benign prostatic hyperplasia (odds ratio [OR] = 2.591), malignancy (OR = 2.567), tamsulosin (OR = 3.171), and clopidogrel (OR = 0.321) as statistically significant associations. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, only tamsulosin (OR = 3.475,
= 0.009) and clopidogrel (OR = 0.281,
= 0.028) were found to be independent risk factors for CAs. Malignancies tended to be more associated with CAs, but this did not reach statistical significance (
= 0.07).

Tamsulosin is a possible risk factor for the development of CAs. Clopidogrel seems to have a protective role preventing the development of CAs.
Tamsulosin is a possible risk factor for the development of CAs. Clopidogrel seems to have a protective role preventing the development of CAs.
Pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular problems, and increased risk of chronic liver disease and Type II diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to assess the metabolic profiles and associated risk factors of NAFLD in obese children.

Children with a body mass index (BMI) of >27 kg/m
an adult equivalent cutoff (Indian Academy of Paediatrics, 2015 guidelines) aged 5-18 years presenting to the pediatric outpatient unit of PGIMER Satellite Centre, Sangrur, India, were retrospectively recruited over a 1-year period. Anthropometry, lipid profile, thyroid levels, liver function test, fasting blood sugar, and blood pressure were measured. Ultrasonography was used to diagnose NAFLD. Logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors.

A total of 100 children participated in the study. The mean age was 10.6 ± 2.6 years and the mean BMI-Z score was 2.6 ± 0.5. The prevalence of NAFLD was 62%. Alanine transaminase (ALT) was significantly elevated in all the children with NAFLD. Lipid levels and BMI Z-score were similar in both groups. Unadjusted odds ratio shows statistically significant association of ALT (2.058 [1.11-1.01]) and waist circumference (1.089 [1.19-0.99]) with NAFLD. With adjusted odds ratio only, ALT (1.12 [1.24-1.01]) was found to be significantly associated with NAFLD.

There is quite a high prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in obese Indian children. All children with raised liver enzymes should undergo sonography to rule out NAFLD.
There is quite a high prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in obese Indian children. All children with raised liver enzymes should undergo sonography to rule out NAFLD.
Sleep is often challenging for medical students because of the considerable amount of learning they have to do. Choline solubility dmso The aim of this study was to identify the patterns of sleep quality and daytime sleepiness among medical students in Saudi Arabia and to identify the possible factors associated with poor quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness.

This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted at College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included the prevalidated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to measure sleep quality and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to measure daytime sleepiness. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics and academic performance. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to obtain adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios (ORs).

The sampled population comprised 36.7% males and 63.30% females. The mean global PSQI score was (standard deviation (SD)=4.66), while the mean global ESS score was 8.03 (SD=4.66). Further analysis showed that 80.60% had poor sleep quality and 37.80% of the students suffered from excessive daytime sleepiness. Multivariate regression showed that poor sleep quality was significantly associated with poor academic achievement (adjusted OR = 3.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.28-8.63). Furthermore, excessive sleepiness significantly increased the odds of poor academic performance (adjusted OR = 4.58, 95% CI = 1.09-20.81).

The results on daytime sleepiness were found to be within the ranges reported worldwide; poor sleep quality was found to be among the highest ever reported. Both sleep quality and daytime sleepiness significantly affect academic achievement.
The results on daytime sleepiness were found to be within the ranges reported worldwide; poor sleep quality was found to be among the highest ever reported. Both sleep quality and daytime sleepiness significantly affect academic achievement.
Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus are still of much public health concern. Screening of TB patients for diabetes will ensure early case detection, better management of diabetes, and better TB treatment outcome. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of diabetes in TB patients and their impact on treatment outcome of TB.

This was a longitudinal follow-up study of registered TB patients under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program in all five TB units of Bhopal district. Participants were contacted and the interview was conducted. The blood sugar of all TB patients was checked, and they were followed up to assess the treatment outcome from October 2014 to September 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 16.0. Chicago, SPSS Inc.). Logistic regression was done to find the factors for diabetes in TB patients. The Chi-square tests were used to find the difference in treatment outcomes and assess the relative risk for poor outcome in diabetic TB patients.
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