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Dimensions of the edge-lit light guide plate (LGP) have a non-negligible impact on its output performance based on a pre-determined micro-dot array. However, how the LGP's dimension affects the performance has not been systematically researched. In this paper, the dimension of the LGP is numerically established as a function to the light output performance, which can be divided into four successive procedures. Firstly, the micro-structural dot array is designed based on the calculated illuminance distribution of the LGP's bottom surface. Based on this, the light energy output can be derived by defining three key parameters, which are dot density, scatting coefficient, and collision loss coefficient. After that, the ray-tracing simulation is used to determine the above parameters. DEG-77 supplier Finally, the optimal dimensions of the LGP can be obtained with a specific correlation function with the light energy output. The mathematical relation above is demonstrated via both simulation and experiment. Our approach provides a systematic design for balancing the efficiency and uniformity of backlight by combining the dot design and the dimensional optimization, which has important theoretical guiding significance for actual display application.The transmission of airborne pathogens represents a major threat to worldwide public health. Ultraviolet light irradiation can contribute to the sanification of air to reduce the pathogen transmission. We have designed a compact filter for airborne pathogen inactivation by means of UVC LED sources, whose effective irradiance is enhanced thanks to high reflective surfaces. We used ray-tracing and computational fluid dynamic simulations to model the device and to maximize the performance inside the filter volume. Simulations also show the inhibition of SARS-Cov-2 in the case of high air fluxes. This study demonstrates that current available LED technology is effective for air sanification purposes.Aberrations degrade the accuracy of quantitative, imaging-based measurements, like particle image velocimetry (PIV). Adaptive optical elements can in principle correct the wavefront distortions, but are limited by their technical specifications. Here we propose an actuator-free correction based on a multiple-input deep convolutional neural network which uses an additional input from a wavefront sensor to correct time-varying distortions. It is applied for imaging flow velocimetry to conduct measurements through a fluctuating air-water phase boundary. Dataset for neural network is generated by an experimental setup with a deformable mirror. Correction performance of trained model is estimated in terms of image quality, which is improved significantly, and flow measurement results, where the errors induced by the distortion from fluctuating phase boundary can be corrected by 82 %. The technique has the potential to replace classical closed-loop adaptive optical systems where the performance of the actuators is not sufficient.Quantum-dot color conversion (QDCC) is a promising technique for next-generation full-color displays, such as QD converted organic light-emitting diodes and micro light-emitting diodes. Although present QDCC research has made some progress on the experimental aspect, the optical model and corresponding mathematical expression that can lay an indispensable foundation for QDCC have not been reported yet. In this paper, we present a theoretical model for precisely describing the complete optical behavior of QDCC, including optical transmission, scattering, absorption, and conversion process. A key parameter of QDCC, called dosage factor (DoF), is defined to quantitatively express the total consumption of QDs that can be calculated as the product of film thickness and QD concentration. Theoretical relations are established between DoF and three key performance indicators of QDCC, namely the light conversion efficiency (LCE), blue light transmittance (BLT), and optical density (OD). The maximum LCE value can be predicted based on this theoretical model, as well as the relationship between the slope of the OD curve and the molar absorption coefficient of blue light. This theoretical model is verified by both simulation and experiment. Results show that the simulation and experimental data highly match the theoretical model, and the goodness of fit reaches higher than 96% for LCE, BLT, and OD. Based on this, the optimal interval of DoF is recommended that provides key guiding significance to the QDCC related experiment.β-Ga2O3 is a promising candidate as a fast scintillation crystal for radiation detection in fast X-ray imaging and high-energy physics experiments. However, total internal reflection severely limits its light output. Conventional photonic crystals can improve the light output, but such improvement decreases dramatically with increased scintillator thickness due to the strong backward reflection by the photonic crystals. Here, graded-refractive-index photonic crystals composed of nanocone arrays are designed and fabricated on the surfaces of β-Ga2O3 crystals with various thicknesses. Compared to the conventional photonic crystals, there is still an obvious light output improvement by using the graded-refractive-index photonic crystals when the thickness of the crystals is increased by three times. The effect of thickness on the improved light output is investigated with numerical simulations and experiments. Overall, the graded-refractive-index photonic crystals are beneficial to the improvement of light output from thick scintillators.We propose a method for the design of metalenses generating and focusing so-called vector Lissajous beams (VLBs), a generalization of cylindrical vector beams (CVBs) in the form of vector beams whose polarization vector is defined by two orders (p, q). The designed metalenses consist of subwavelength gratings performing the polarization transformation of the incident linearly polarized laser beams and a sublinearly chirped lens term for the realization of the beam focusing. The possibility of using VLBs for the realization of laser beams with a complex Poynting vector is theoretically shown. The certain choice of orders (p, q) of the generated VLBs makes it possible to control the type of various electromagnetic field components as well as the components of the complex Poynting vector. For example, in contrast to VLBs, the classical types of CVBs cannot provide an imaginary part in the longitudinal component of the Poynting vector. Such light fields are promising for exciting non-standard forces acting on the trapped nano- and microparticles.
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