Notes

Androgen signaling links short isoform creation to breakpoint creation at Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1.
Among the single-glove subgroup, the thickest gloves (ortho) were associated with the highest increase in pressure from baseline values. Conclusion Glove selection can have repercussions related to carpal tunnel pressure. Susceptible surgeons should consider these factors when making decisions regarding intraoperative glove wear. DLin-KC2-DMA mouse © Thieme Medical Publishers.This paper presents an analysis of risk mitigation measures taken by countries around the world facing the current COVID-19 outbreak. In light of the current pandemic the authors collated and clustered (using harmonised terminology) the risk mitigation measures taken around the globe in the combat to contain, and since March 11 2020, to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus known to cause the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This overview gathers lessons learnt, providing an update on the current knowledge for authorities, sectors and first responders on the effectiveness of said measures, and may allow enhanced prevention, preparedness and response for future outbreaks. Various measures such as mobility restrictions, physical distancing, hygienic measures, socio-economic restrictions, communication and international support mechanisms have been clustered and are reviewed in terms of the nature of the actions taken and their qualitative early-perceived impact. At the time of writing, it is still too premature to express the quantitative effectiveness of each risk mitigation cluster, but it seems that the best mitigation results are reported when applying a combination of voluntary and enforceable measures. © 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Photosensitive proteins are naturally evolved photosensors that often respond to light signals of specific wavelengths. However, their poor stability under ambient conditions hinders their applications in non-biological settings. In this proof-of-principle study, we grafted the blue light using flavin (BLUF) protein reconstructed with flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or roseoflavin (RoF) onto pristine graphene, and achieved selective sensitivity at 450 nm or 500 nm, respectively. We improved the thermal and operational stability substantially via structure-guided cross-linking, achieving 6-month stability under ambient condition and normal operation at temperatures up to 200 °C. Furthermore, the device exhibited rare negative photoconductivity behavior. The origins of this negative photoconductivity behavior were elucidated via a combination of experimental and theoretical analysis. In the photoelectric conversion studies, holes from photoexcited flavin migrated to graphene and recombined with electrons. The device allows facile modulation and detection of charge transfer, and provides a versatile platform for future studies of photoinduced charge transfer in biosensors as well as the development of stable wavelength-selective biophotosensors.Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) are ubiquitous in modern consumer electronics. SnO2 is an earth abundant, cheaper alternative to In2O3 as a TCO. However, its performance in terms of mobilities and conductivities lags behind that of In2O3. On the basis of the recent discovery of mobility and conductivity enhancements in In2O3 from resonant dopants, we use a combination of state-of-the-art hybrid density functional theory calculations, high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy, and semiconductor statistics modeling to understand what is the optimal dopant to maximize performance of SnO2-based TCOs. We demonstrate that Ta is the optimal dopant for high performance SnO2, as it is a resonant dopant which is readily incorporated into SnO2 with the Ta 5d states sitting ∼1.4 eV above the conduction band minimum. Experimentally, the band edge electron effective mass of Ta doped SnO2 was shown to be 0.23m 0, compared to 0.29m 0 seen with conventional Sb doping, explaining its ability to yield higher mobilities and conductivities. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Membrane-based separation technologies offer a cost-effective alternative to many energy-intensive gas separation processes, such as distillation. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) composed of polymers and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted a great deal of attention for being promising systems to manufacture durable and highly selective membranes with high gas fluxes and high selectivities. Therefore, understanding gas transport through these MMMs is of significant importance. There has been longstanding speculation that the gas diffusion behavior at the interface formed between the polymer matrix and MOF particles would strongly affect the global performance of the MMMs due to the potential presence of nonselective voids or other defects. To shed more light on this paradigm, we have performed microsecond long concentration gradient-driven molecular dynamics (CGD-MD) simulations that deliver an unprecedented microscopic picture of the transport of H2 and CH4 as single components and as a mixture in all regions of the PIM-1/ZIF-8 membrane, including the polymer/MOF interface. The fluxes of the permeating gases are computed and the impact of the polymer/MOF interface on the H2/CH4 permselectivity of the composite membrane is clearly revealed. Specifically, we show that the poor compatibility between PIM-1 and ZIF-8, which manifests itself by the presence of nonselective void spaces at their interface, results in a decrease of the H2/CH4 permselectivity for the corresponding composite membrane as compared to the performances simulated for PIM-1 and ZIF-8 individually. We demonstrate that CGD-MD simulations based on an accurate atomistic description of the polymer/MOF composite is a powerful tool for characterization and understanding of gas transport and separation mechanisms in MMMs. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) can be used to produce coatings and thin films such as transparent conducting oxide (TCO) films, which are used in self-cleaning surfaces, solar cells, and other electronic and optoelectronic applications. A process based on AACVD consists of a number of steps aerosol generation, aerosol transport, aerosol delivery, and chemical deposition. Predicting the behavior of such a process at an industrial scale is challenging due to a number of factors the aerosol generation creates droplets of different sizes, losses are incurred in the transport, the delivery must evaporate the solvent to release the precursors, and the reactions on the surface of the deposition target may be complex. This paper describes a full process model, including the prediction of the size distribution of the generated aerosol, the number and size of droplets delivered, the carrier gas temperature profile at the reaction site, the solvent evaporation time, and the rate of film formation. The key modeling challenges addressed include incorporating the impact of uncertainties in parameters such as heat and mass transfer coefficients and reaction rate constants. Preliminary simulations demonstrate a proof of concept for the use of simulation for gaining insights into the feasibility of a process scale-up for an industrial-scale AACVD. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Dry-bed adsorptive desulfurization of biomass-based syngas with a low- to medium sulfur content using ZnO was studied as an alternative to conventional wet-scrubbing processes for a small- to medium-scale biomass-to-liquid process concept. Following laboratory-scale long-term H2S breakthrough experiments in a previous study, desulfurization tests were scaled-up to bench-scale with actual bio-syngas to verify the lab-scale results under more realistic process conditions. A desulfurization unit was constructed and connected to a steam-blown atmospheric pilot-scale fluidized bed gasifier. Two successful 70+ h test campaigns were conducted with H2S removal below the breakthrough limit using full-sized ZnO adsorbent particles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy elemental analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area characterization of the fresh and spent adsorbent pellets were performed. SEM micrographs displayed the outward enlarging particle size in the sulfided layer. Characterization showed significant core-shell sulfidation behavior with a few hundred micron-thick sulfided layer leaving the majority of ZnO unutilized. Adsorbents lost most of their porosity in use, which was evident from BET surface area results. Simultaneous COS removal was found possible by the hydrolysis reaction to H2S. Furthermore, evidence of minor chlorine adsorption was found, thus highlighting the need for a dedicated HCl removal step upstream of desulfurization. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Dry-bed adsorptive desulfurization of biomass-based syngas with low to medium sulfur content using ZnO was investigated as an alternative to the conventional wet scrubbing processes. The technical feasibility of ZnO-based desulfurization was studied in laboratory-scale H2S breakthrough experiments. The experiments were set up to utilize realistic H2S concentrations from gasification and therefore long breakthrough times. Experiments were performed in a steam-rich model biosyngas in varying conditions. The long-term breakthrough experiments showed apparent ZnO utilization rates between 10 and 50% in the tested conditions, indicating intraparticle mass-transfer resistances partly due to space velocity and particle size constraints as well as the most likely product-layer resistances as evidenced by the large spent adsorbent surface area decrease. An empirical deactivation model to estimate full breakthrough curves was fitted to the laboratory-scale experimental data. Breakthrough experiment in tar-rich syngas was also performed with the conclusion that ZnO performance is not significantly affected by hydrocarbons despite carbon deposition on the particle surfaces. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.In India, SARS-CoV-2 virus-induced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has already infected close to 5500 people, causing the death of 164. While these numbers are not comparable with values observed for the USA, Italy, or Spain, given the population of India, and the fact that the pandemic is now in an exponential stage of growth, the risks of a contagion that affects a large sector of the Indian population are real. There are no current effective strategies to prevent the spread, other than minimizing contact through social distancing, while no fully effective drugs to prevent or treat COVID-19 exist, although several candidate drugs and repurposed antiviral and immune-modulating pharmacotherapies are being tested or in compassionate use. One postexposure prophylaxis, convalescent (immune) plasma (CP), has shown some success in China and previously in the cure and therapy of other coronaviruses, SARS-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome. Drawn from current patients who are infected with COVID-19, its CP (human anti-SARS-CoV-2 plasma) might be one way to modulate the infectivity of this virus or its effects postinfection. © 2020 Director General, Armed Forces Medical Services. Published by Elsevier, a division of RELX India Pvt. Ltd.
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