Notes

A still left bronchi using four lobes: a brand new finding throughout the thoracotomy for persistent major natural pneumothorax.
Structural and metabolic imaging are fundamental for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up in oncology. Beyond the well-established diagnostic imaging applications, ultrasounds are currently emerging in the clinical practice as a noninvasive technology for therapy. Indeed, the sound waves can be used to increase the temperature inside the target solid tumors, leading to apoptosis or necrosis of neoplastic tissues. buy 3-MA The Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) technology represents a valid application of this ultrasound property, mainly used in oncology and neurology. In this paper; patient safety during MRgFUS treatments was investigated by a series of experiments in a tissue-mimicking phantom and performing ex vivo skin samples, to promptly identify unwanted temperature rises. The acquired MR images, used to evaluate the temperature in the treated areas, were analyzed to compare classical proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift techniques and referenceless thermometry methods to accurately assess the temperature variations. link2 We exploited radial basis function (RBF) neural networks for referenceless thermometry and compared the results against interferometric optical fiber measurements. The experimental measurements were obtained using a set of interferometric optical fibers aimed at quantifying temperature variations directly in the sonication areas. The temperature increases during the treatment were not accurately detected by MRI-based referenceless thermometry methods, and more sensitive measurement systems, such as optical fibers, would be required. In-depth studies about these aspects are needed to monitor temperature and improve safety during MRgFUS treatments.As a crucial task in surveillance and security, person re-identification (re-ID) aims to identify the targeted pedestrians across multiple images captured by non-overlapping cameras. However, existing person re-ID solutions have two main challenges the lack of pedestrian identification labels in the captured images, and domain shift issue between different domains. A generative adversarial networks (GAN)-based self-training framework with progressive augmentation (SPA) is proposed to obtain the robust features of the unlabeled data from the target domain, according to the preknowledge of the labeled data from the source domain. Specifically, the proposed framework consists of two stages the style transfer stage (STrans), and self-training stage (STrain). First, the targeted data is complemented by a camera style transfer algorithm in the STrans stage, in which CycleGAN and Siamese Network are integrated to preserve the unsupervised self-similarity (the similarity of the same image between before and after transformation) and domain dissimilarity (the dissimilarity between a transferred source image and the targeted image). Second, clustering and classification are alternately applied to enhance the model performance progressively in the STrain stage, in which both global and local features of the target-domain images are obtained. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, the proposed method achieves the competitive accuracy on two existing datasets.As difficult vision-based tasks like object detection and monocular depth estimation are making their way in real-time applications and as more light weighted solutions for autonomous vehicles navigation systems are emerging, obstacle detection and collision prediction are two very challenging tasks for small embedded devices like drones. We propose a novel light weighted and time-efficient vision-based solution to predict Time-to-Collision from a monocular video camera embedded in a smartglasses device as a module of a navigation system for visually impaired pedestrians. It consists of two modules a static data extractor made of a convolutional neural network to predict the obstacle position and distance and a dynamic data extractor that stacks the obstacle data from multiple frames and predicts the Time-to-Collision with a simple fully connected neural network. This paper focuses on the Time-to-Collision network's ability to adapt to new sceneries with different types of obstacles with supervised learning.
On average, older adults (60+) with normal vision read the International Reading Speed Texts (IReST) 37.8 words per minute slower than the standardized values provided by the IReST manufacturer. When assessing reading speed in older adults, clinicians should bear in mind that the IReST norms do not account for these age-related differences.

The purpose of this study was to validate the IReST in an English-speaking Canadian sample of older adults (60+).

Canadian English-speaking older adults (n = 25) read all 10 IReST aloud using the same protocol from the original IReST validation study.

There were significant differences between the older adult sample and the published IReST values for each text (mean difference, -37.84; 95% confidence interval, -41.34 to -34.34).

Reading speeds of older (60+) Canadian adults fell outside of the standardized values of the English language IReST. Researchers/clinicians who wish to assess older adults' reading speed using the IReST ought to take this discrepancy into account.
Reading speeds of older (60+) Canadian adults fell outside of the standardized values of the English language IReST. Researchers/clinicians who wish to assess older adults' reading speed using the IReST ought to take this discrepancy into account.
The range of clear and single binocular vision differs between 3D displays and clinical prism vergences, but this difference is unexplained. This difference prevents clinicians from predicting the range of clear and single binocular vision in 3D-viewing patients. In this study, we tested a hypothesis for this difference.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether changing fixation target size in 3D viewing significantly affects the vergence ranges and, if so, then to determine whether the target size effect is driven by fusional vergence gain changes, threshold of blur changes, or both.

Twenty-one visually normal adults aged 18 to 28 years viewed 3D images at 40 cm in an electronic stereoscopic. The fixation target, a Maltese cross, moved in depth at 2∆/s by way of changing crossed or uncrossed disparity until blur and diplopia ensued. We used four target sizes (1) small (width × height, 0.21° × 0.63°), (2) medium (1.43° × 4.3°), (3) large (3.6° × 10.8°), and (4) 3D (size changing congruently wily on its disparity but also on the size of the viewed image.
There are limited studies assessing reading performance and children's difficulties with dyslexia especially when reading Arabic, a language that has a substantially different script from English and other Latin-based languages.

This study aimed to (1) measure reading performance in children with dyslexia by acuity level and (2) conduct an indirect comparison between the effects of dyslexia on Arabic versus English readers.

Twenty children aged 9 to 12 years with dyslexia and 30 controls aged 9 to 11 years were included in the study. Reading performance was evaluated using maximum reading speed, reading acuity, and critical print size (CPS). Two Arabic charts, the Balsam Alabdulkader-Leat chart and the International Reading Speed Texts chart, were used to evaluate reading performance. The number of errors was calculated and plotted against print size.

ANOVA revealed a significant difference between the two groups in all reading performance measures (P < .05). Reading speed for children with dyslexiia required larger CPS to read at their maximum speed, indicating that larger print sizes may improve reading with greater speed. The difference in reading performance measures between controls and children with dyslexia is higher when reading Arabic than when reading English. This suggests that the intricate Arabic script and crowding may more strongly affect children with dyslexia reading Arabic.
Cycloplegia is often restricted in screening settings. Previous studies have evaluated noncycloplegic refraction for screening, but their data are not fully applicable to school-aged African children. This article adds to the literature by investigating this in school-aged African children.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of noncycloplegic autorefraction (NCA) and noncycloplegic retinoscopy (NCR) to detect refractive errors in school-aged African children and quantify differences between noncycloplegic and cycloplegic refraction measures.

Autorefraction and retinoscopy were performed on 150 children aged 6 to 15 years before and after cyclopentolate cycloplegia. Subjective refraction was performed by the same examiner after cycloplegia. Noncycloplegic and cycloplegic measurements were compared, and the data were assessed with receiver operating characteristic curves and Bland-Altman plots.

With the exception of cylindrical vector J0 (P = .17) and J45 (P = .08) obtained with NCR, detect astigmatism and myopia in this population but may elicit higher myopic values and lower hyperopic values than using cycloplegic refraction.
Visual performance is affected least by a 15° radial aperture surrounded by peripheral myopic defocus. This finding has important applications for spectacle and contact lens designs and myopia control optimization.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of clear central apertures of different diameters with a defocused retinal periphery, using a range of visual performance tasks.

Thirty visually normal subjects (mean age, 24.4 ± 3.3 years; 20 females; mean spherical equivalent of -1.28 D) were enrolled. Subjects wore five different spectacles during testing, all corrected for distance refraction, in random order three single-vision spectacles with clear central apertures of 10, 12.5, and 15° radii with the periphery defocused using Fresnel "press-on" lenses (+3.5 D sphere), progressive addition lens (PAL) spectacles with a +3.5 D addition, and single-vision lens (SVL) spectacles with no peripheral defocus. Static and kinetic visual field sensitivities, reading rate and comprehension, head mo.
Visual performance is least affected adversely by a 15° aperture surrounded by a peripheral myopic defocus. link3 This finding has important applications for spectacle and contact lens designs to optimize myopia treatment with minimal impact on visual performance.
The complications of cosmetic iris implantation may result in irreversible vision loss. Patients who obtain these implants against general medical consensus may present to providers when sequelae develop. In symptomatic patients, providers must recognize the imminent risk to vision and mitigate further ocular damage.

This is an observational clinical case report of a patient with significant, progressive, vision-threatening ocular pathology from prior cosmetic iris implantation, despite medical and surgical efforts to preserve vision.

A 35-year-old HIV-positive man with a history of cosmetic iris implants in India 16 months prior was referred to our center. He had a history of 4 months of steroid-refractory uveitis and secondary glaucoma, with IOP measurements of more than 50 mmHg in the outpatient setting. Slit-lamp examination revealed ciliary flush, pannus formation, corneal edema, and keratic precipitates. Optical coherence tomography suggested possible retinal nerve fiber layer loss in the left eye.
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