Notes

Gastro-esophageal pharmacobezoar.
This approach demonstrates that in principle an easy colorimetric detection of bacterial contaminants can be achieved through the use of bio-responsive plasmonic materials, such as silver, whose selective electrostatic interaction with bacterial cell wall is well-known and occurs without the need of chemical functionalisation.Colloids formed of solid/fluid particle dispersions in oriented nematic liquid crystals are known to be an ideal means of realizing fundamentally significant topological defect geometries. We find, experimentally, that twist-bend nematic (NTB) droplets formed in the N-NTB biphasic regime, either of pure compounds or mesogenic mixtures, completely mimic colloidal particles in their ability to generate a rich variety of defects. In the biphasic regime, the topological features of both liquid crystal colloids and chiral nematic droplets are revealed by (i) topological dipoles, quadrupoles and their patterned clusters formed in planar nematic liquid crystals orientationally perturbed by coexisting NTB drops, (ii) the transformation of hyperbolic hedgehogs into knotted Saturn rings encircling the NTB drops dispersed in a 90°-twisted nematic matrix and (iii) the Frank-Pryce defect texture evident in smaller (relative to sample thickness) NTB drops. In larger drops with fingerlike outgrowths, additional line defects appear; most of these are deemed to be pairs of disclinations to which are attached pairs of screw dislocations intervening in the growth process of the NTB droplets.Understanding the interactions of eukaryotic cellular membranes with nanomaterials is required to construct efficient and safe nanomedicines and molecular bioengineering. Intracellular uptake of nanocarriers by active endocytosis limits the intracellular distribution to the endosomal compartment, impairing the intended biological actions of the cargo molecules. Nonendocytic intracellular migration is another route for nanomaterials with cationic or amphiphilic properties to evade the barrier function of the lipid bilayer plasma membranes. Direct transport of nanomaterials into cells is efficient, but this may cause cytotoxic or biocidal effects by temporarily disrupting the biological membrane barrier. We have recently discovered that nonendocytic internalization of synthetic amphipathic polymer-based nanoaggregates that mimic the structure of natural phospholipids can occur without inducing cytotoxicity. Rapamycin Analysis using a proton leakage assay indicated that the polymer enters cells by amphiphilicity-induced membrane fusion rather than by transmembrane pore formation. These noncytotoxic cell-penetrating polymers may find applications in drug delivery systems, gene transfection, cell therapies, and biomolecular engineering.The bidirectional intelligent regulation of hydrogels is a critical challenge in on-demand functional hydrogels. In this paper, a photo-triggered hydrogel for bidirectional regulation based on IR820-α-cyclodextrin/polyethylene glycol methyl acrylate was developed. This thermosensitive hydrogel can soften from gel to sol under near-infrared irradiation based on the photothermal effect of IR820, while the hydrogel can stiffen based on the photo-crosslinking of polyethylene glycol methyl acrylate under UV laser irradiation. After implanting in vivo, the softness and stiffness of the hydrogel can be regulated in a bidirectional manner by the switching of the irradiation wavelength. Moreover, the location and status of the hydrogel was tracked in vivo by fluorescence imaging due to the fluorescence labeling of IR820. The controlled and visible hydrogel could be potentially applied to different biomedical fields for precise treatment.Mass spectrometry (MS) techniques are highly prevalent in crime laboratories, particularly those coupled to chromatographic separations like gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC). These methods are considered "gold standard" analytical techniques for forensic analysis and have been extensively validated for producing prosecutorial evidentiary data. However, factors such as growing evidence backlogs and problematic evidence types (e.g., novel psychoactive substance (NPS) classes) have exposed limitations of these stalwart techniques. This critical review serves to delineate the current role of MS methods across the broad sub-disciplines of forensic science, providing insight on how governmental steering committees guide their implementation. Novel, developing techniques that seek to broaden applicability and enhance performance will also be highlighted, from unique modifications to traditional hyphenated MS methods to the newer "ambient" MS techniques that show promise for forensic analysis, but need further validation before incorporation into routine forensic workflows. This review also expounds on how recent improvements to MS instrumental design, scan modes, and data processing could cause a paradigm shift in how the future forensic practitioner collects and processes target evidence.Recently, wearable multifunctional fibers have attracted widespread attention due to their applications in wearable smart textiles. However, stable application, large-scale production and more functions are still the greatest challenges for functional fiber devices. In this study, wearable multi-functional coaxial fibers with oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were achieved for the first time coaxial wet-spinning with rotating coagulation bath. Specifically, the cellulose solution can be regenerated in the coagulation bath and the CNTs dispersion will be oriented under the rotating force. The synergy between hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interaction enhance the mechanical strength of coaxial fibers. Especially, CNTs can prevent the rotation of the cellulose chain and the bending of the glycosidic twist angle at the atomic scale as indicated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. When the fibers are strained, the cellulose sheath will drive the movement of CNTs, causing changes involving the effective contact area and number of conductive paths. Therefore, the high electrical resistance response change enables the as-obtained coaxial fibers to exhibit a great potential in wearable strain sensors. Furthermore, coaxial fibers can be made into electric heaters based on the Joule heating principle. The heating temperature reaches more than 160 °C within 6 s at 10 V, which is of a great value for large area flexible heaters. Besides, the coaxial fibers can further be used as temperature-sensitive devices to accurately perceive the external temperature. Therefore, the scalable synthesis of multifunctional coaxial fibers is significantly expected to provide a platform for the large-scale production of multifunctional wearable intelligent textiles.
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