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07, 0.54%) for triglycerides, and 0.11% (0.01, 0.20%) for apoA-I, whereas insulin elevation was reduced (-6.30%;-8.41,-4.20%), and the reduction in leptin was attenuated (0.64%; 0.25, 1.05%). With each unit (percent) increase in body fat, we observed similar changes in the %Δ of total cholesterol and leptin but not in triglycerides, apoA-I, or insulin. Glucose response increased by 0.29% (0.06, 0.51%) as body fat increases by one unit.

Metabolic flexibility, as assessed by biomarker responses to an acute physiological meal challenge, differed by body composition. These findings may help elucidate the pathways through which obesity contributes to cardiometabolic diseases.
Metabolic flexibility, as assessed by biomarker responses to an acute physiological meal challenge, differed by body composition. These findings may help elucidate the pathways through which obesity contributes to cardiometabolic diseases.
Iron amino acid chelates have been developed to be used as food fortificants and therapeutic agents in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.

To compare the efficacy of Oral iron bisglycinate chelate (FeBC), lactoferrin (LF), lactoferrin with iron and iron polymaltose complex (IPC) in treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA).

a comparative study was conducted on 120 children with IDA, they attended to outpatient clinic at Menoufia University Hospitals within a period from April to November 2019. All subjects were classified into FeBC Group (30 children received iron bisglycinate), LF Group (30 children received lactoferrin 100mg), LF with iron Group (30 children received 30% iron saturated lactoferrin) and IPC Group (30 children received iron polymaltose complex with elemental iron of6 mg/kg/day). Serum iron, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation was investigated.

After treatment serum iron, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation improved in FeBC group than LF group, in LF with iron group than LF group, and in IPC group than LF group. Serum ferritin improved in LF with iron group than IPC group. Side effects of drugs were higher in FeBC group than LF group, and higher in LF with iron group than FeBC group.

Adding lactoferrin to iron helps increasing iron stores more than using iron alone in treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Lactoferrin is less effective than lactoferrin with iron, iron bisglycinate chelate and iron polymaltose complex in treatment of iron deficiency anemia.
Adding lactoferrin to iron helps increasing iron stores more than using iron alone in treatment of iron deficiency anemia. Lactoferrin is less effective than lactoferrin with iron, iron bisglycinate chelate and iron polymaltose complex in treatment of iron deficiency anemia.
Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) quantitatively describes the calories used to support body function (e.g. breathing, blood circulation, etc.) at resting condition. Assessment of the REE is essential for successful weight management and the understanding of metabolic health. REE is typically determined via indirect calorimetry. Current biomedical indirect calorimetry technologies, utilizing assessment of oxygen consumption (VO
) and carbon dioxide production (VCO
) rates (which are typically in the form factor of a metabolic cart) are bulky and require on-site calibration and/or trained professionals to operate. We introduce a novel wearable medical device with FDA clearance to determine REE accurately, portable, and user-friendly format, which can be used both by health professionals in a clinical environment and by the patient at home. Previously, we have reported the validation of Breezing Med (also named as Breezing Pro™) through Douglas Bag Method, a gold standard for gas exchange measurement, and ex make the valuable device for telemedicine applications related to weight management from home.

This result shows that the MGC Ultima CPX™ and Breezing Med are substantially equivalent for REE measurement; and an advantage of this device for metabolic assessment under the current COVID-19 pandemic situation, for people with impaired physical mobility, and for those who lives in rural areas or face impediments that limit physical access to care.
This result shows that the MGC Ultima CPX™ and Breezing Med are substantially equivalent for REE measurement; and an advantage of this device for metabolic assessment under the current COVID-19 pandemic situation, for people with impaired physical mobility, and for those who lives in rural areas or face impediments that limit physical access to care.
Many critically ill patients experience increased blood glucose variability (BGV). The objective of the current pilot study was to assess the relationship between muscle composition (defined as average Hounsfield units (HU)) among ICU patients with an abdominal CT scan within seven days of intubation, and BGV (defined as coefficient of variation (CV)) calculated from blood glucose levels measured each morning while intubated.

The first serum blood glucose measurement obtained each day during intubation was recorded, blood glucose CV ((mean/SD)∗100) was calculated. Cross-sectional muscle area (CSA; cm
) at the third lumbar region was identified using the-29 to+150 HU range; muscle composition was calculated as the average HU. BGV predictors were determined using linear regression.

Eighty-two patients were included (53% female), with a median age of 64 (25th, 75 percentile (IQR) 51, 70) years. The median CV was 29% (IQR 20, 37); 40% of subjects required insulin. The median CSA was 100.4cm
(IQR 84.0, 120.8) and muscle composition was 20.4 HU (IQR 12.2, 29.4). Patients received only 36% of estimated calorie requirements. Insulin administration, history of diabetes, and muscle composition were significant BGV predictors.

Among these adult intubated ICU patients, higher muscle composition was associated with lower BGV. Future research is needed to corroborate these findings, determine other factors associated with poor muscle quality, and identify methods to describe muscle composition for all ICU patients.
Among these adult intubated ICU patients, higher muscle composition was associated with lower BGV. Future research is needed to corroborate these findings, determine other factors associated with poor muscle quality, and identify methods to describe muscle composition for all ICU patients.
Dairy products may play a beneficial role against metabolic syndrome; however, epidemiological evidence is scarce in Asian populations, who consume less dairy than Western populations. We prospectively investigated the association between dairy product intake, both overall and by fat content, and metabolic syndrome in a Japanese working population.

Participants were 1014 workers (aged 19-68 years) without metabolic syndrome at baseline who completed a 3-year follow-up survey. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome according to tertile of total, low-fat, and full-fat dairy product intake with adjustment for covariates.

At the 3-year follow-up, 66 (6.5%) workers were newly identified as having metabolic syndrome. A trend towards decreased odds of developing metabolic syndrome was observed among those in the highest tertile of total and full-fat dairy product intake multivariable-adjusted odds ratio for the highest versus lowest tertile was 0.54 (95% CI 0.26-1.12; P for trend=0.094) for total dairy products and 0.50 (95% CI 0.24-1.05; P for trend=0.038) for full-fat dairy products. selleck products Low-fat dairy intake was not associated with metabolic syndrome.

Our results suggest that higher intake of full-fat, but not low-fat, dairy products may be associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome among Japanese.
Our results suggest that higher intake of full-fat, but not low-fat, dairy products may be associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome among Japanese.
Patients undergoing surgery for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer are at high risk of malnutrition, and a multidisciplinary approach to management is recommended. This study aimed to determine practices, awareness and perceptions of multi-disciplinary clinicians with regards to malnutrition screening and provision of nutrition support.

A national survey of dietitians, surgeons, oncologists and nurses was conducted using a 30-item online REDCap survey, including questions regarding self-reported malnutrition screening/nutrition support practices, awareness and perceptions, and barriers and enablers. The survey was distributed via professional organisations/networks between 1st September and 30th November 2020. Results are presented as counts and percentages.

There were 130 participants (56% dietitians, 25% surgeons, 11% nurses, 8% oncologists). The majority reported that dietitians and nurses performed malnutrition screening, and dietitians and surgeons prescribed nutrition support. Most participants rpractices varied and appear to be lacking in the outpatient setting, with significant barriers identified to providing optimal nutrition care.
Nutritionally adequate diets can slow the progression of diabetes, but adherence to recommended dietary choices can be hindered by food insecurity. We examined the relationship between dietary quality, food insecurity, and glycemic control among adults with Type 2 Diabetes.

We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2016) for 1682 adults=>20 years old with Type 2 diabetes. Glycemic control was measured by HbA1c. Dietary quality was computed using the Healthy Eating Index 2015 score. Food security was assessed by a questionnaire. We analyzed the data using multinomial regression models.

About 16% of the population had an HbA1c≥9; 31.8% had food insecurity; 68.3% consumed a poor quality diet. About 24% consumed a poor quality diet and had food insecurity. In the multinomial model, an HbA1c of 8-<9% was associated with poor diet quality (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=5.2, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.4-19.2, p=0.01) and food insecurity (AOR=8.5, 95% CI=1.4-52.0, p=0.02). Those with both factors had higher odds of both an HbA1c 8-<9% (AOR=6.1, 95% CI=1.5-24.8, p=0.01) and HbA1c≥9% (AOR=6.7, 95% CI=2.0-22.2, p<0.01). Other risk factors for poor glycemic control were being Black or Hispanic, having no regular source of care, and ever having visited a diabetes specialist (p<0.05).

Poor glycemic control among adults with diabetes was associated with poor quality of diet and/or food insecurity, being Black, Hispanic, and lacking a regular source of care. There is a need for policies that improve access to healthy food in patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly among minority populations.
Poor glycemic control among adults with diabetes was associated with poor quality of diet and/or food insecurity, being Black, Hispanic, and lacking a regular source of care. There is a need for policies that improve access to healthy food in patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly among minority populations.
Abnormal levels of hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin are common in people with gastrointestinal cancer. The hypothesis was that this is of importance for physical performance in older persons in the perioperative context. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the association between hemoglobin, CRP and albumin and physical performance before and after abdominal cancer surgery in older patients.

Patients ≥70 years of age scheduled for abdominal cancer surgery were invited to take part in the study. Data on levels of hemoglobin, CRP and albumin and physical performance (Six-Minute Walk Test, functional leg strength [chair-stands completed in 30s], and maximal inspiratory muscle strength), were collected at baseline (n=178) and physical performance was reassessed before discharge (n=120). A composite score of 0-3 points was used, based on the presence or not of anemia, elevated CRP or hypoalbuminemia. Multivariable linear regressions were used for statistical analysis.

Before surgery, walking distance in patients scoring 2-3 (presence of 2 or 3 abnormal values) was shorter in comparison to patients scoring 0 (all values within normal range) in the multivariable model (-39.
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