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Orthogonal Modular Gene Repression within Escherichia coli Employing Engineered CRISPR/Cas9.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Studies have shown that acupuncture can effectively alleviate the symptoms of AD and slow down the disease progression, and its mechanism has been intensively explored. This paper summarized the researches on the mechanism of acupuncture intervention on AD in the past 5 years. It has been found that acupuncture intervention on AD is correlated with the regulation of the expression levels of relevant proteins, the inhibition of central inflammatory response, the resistance to oxidative stress injury, the modulation of brain energy metabolism, the improvement of neuronal synaptic plasticity, the adjustment of autophagy activity and the suppression of neuronal apoptosis.Acupuncture can intervene in and treat ischemic stroke (IS) through multiple targets and pathways. In recent years, experimental studies have shown that the mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of IS mainly involves the promotion of nerve repair and regeneration, the regulation of the activity of neurotransmitters, the improvement of cerebral blood flow, the alleviation of brain edema, the reduction of oxidative stress, the inhibition of apoptosis and autophagy, and the suppression of inflammatory responses. This paper reviewed the available mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of IS to provide theoretical support for the clinical application of acupuncture against IS and references for further research.
To observe the effect of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with meibomian gland massage in improving meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and explore its mechanism.

Seventy-two MGD patients with 144 eyes in the Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February 2019 to January 2021 were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group (
=36,72 eyes) and a control group (
=36, 72 eyes). Patients in the control group received 0.1% fluo-rometholone eye drops and 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops, 1-2 drops per time, four times per day, and the meibomian glands were massaged once per day. Patients in the experimental group received additional thunder-fire moxibustion on the basis of the treatment of the control group, 10 cones per time, once per day. One month after treatment, meibomian gland function was assessed, and the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in tears were detected.

After treatment, the scores of Ocular Surface Disease Index, meibomian hyperemia, meibomian gland opening, meibomian gland loss, and meibomian gland secretion function were lower than those before treatment in the two groups, and the scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (
<0.05). After treatment, the tear break-up time and tear meniscus height were higher than those before treatment in the two groups, which were higher in the experimental group than those in the control group (
<0.05). The post-treatment levels of IL-6 and PGE2 were lower than those before treatment in the two groups, and the levels in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (
<0.05).

Thunder-fire moxibustion combined with meibomian gland massage can significantly improve the function of the meibomian glands and lower the levels of IL-6 and PGE
in tears.
Thunder-fire moxibustion combined with meibomian gland massage can significantly improve the function of the meibomian glands and lower the levels of IL-6 and PGE2 in tears.
To observe the clinical curative effect of wentongzhenfa (warming and promoting technique of acupuncture) combined with extracorporeal shock wave in treatment of type Ⅲ prostatitis.

A total of 96 patients with type Ⅲ prostatitis were randomly divided into an observation group (48 cases) and a control group (48 cases). In the control group, the extracorporeal shock wave was combined with even-needling technique of acupuncture at Guanyuan (CV4), Mingmen (GV4), Zhongji (CV3), Zusanli (ST36), etc. In the observation group, the extracorporeal shock wave was combined with "warming and promoting technique" of acupuncture at the same acupoints as the control group. The treatment lasted 30 min each time, once daily in either group. There were 2 days of interval after consecutive treatment for 5 days. Totally, the duration of treatment was 1 month in two groups. The clinical curative effect was assessed after treatment. Before and after treatment, the changes in the concentrations of tumor nerosis factor-α (TNF-α),NIH-CPSI, IIEF and VAS were all reduced (
<0.05) in two groups. The changes of the above indexes were more obvious in the observation group than those in the control group (
<0.05). After treatment and 1 and 3 months after treatment, Karnofsky scores all increased (
<0.05) in two groups，and the increases were more significant in the observation group (
<0.05).

"Warming and promoting technique" of acupuncture combined with extracorporeal shock wave promotes the elimination of local inflammatory factors, relieves clinical symptoms, improves the quality of life, as well as has a satisfactory short-term and medium-term curative effect on type Ⅲ prostatitis.
"Warming and promoting technique" of acupuncture combined with extracorporeal shock wave promotes the elimination of local inflammatory factors, relieves clinical symptoms, improves the quality of life, as well as has a satisfactory short-term and medium-term curative effect on type Ⅲ prostatitis.
To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of acupuncture combined with moxibustion on allergic rhinitis.

Using the random number table, 80 patients with allergic rhinitis were divided into a medication group and an acupuncture combined with moxibustion (acu-mox) group, 40 cases in each one. In the medication group, ioratadine tables were prescribed for oral administration, one tablet daily for 10 days as 1 session , 3 sessions of treatment were required. In the acupuncture combined with moxibustion group, bilateral Yingxiang (LI20), Yintang (EX-HN3), bilateral Hegu (LI4) and bilateral Shenshu (BL23) were selected as the main points and stimulated with acupuncture and moxibustion; and the acupoint prescription was modified according to symptoms. This combined treatment was given once every day, stimulating for 30 min each time, and 10 treatments made 1 course, for 3 courses of treatment totally. Before and after treatment, the scores for symptoms and physical signs, as well as the score of rhino-conjunccores of symptoms and physical signs as well as the score of R-QOL, and the contents of serum IgE, RORγt and IL-33 in the acu-mox group were lower than those in the medication group (
<0.05), and the contents of serum Foxp3 and IL-27 were higher than those of the medication group (
<0.05). The total effective rate of the acu-mox group was 100.0% (40/40), significantly higher than 82.5% (33/40) in the medication group (
<0.05). No ob-vious adverse reaction was found in either group during and after treatment.

Acupuncture combined with moxibustion is significantly effective and safe in treatment of allergic rhinitis. Its effect mechanism may be related to the balance modulation of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells mediated by naive CD4
T cells.
Acupuncture combined with moxibustion is significantly effective and safe in treatment of allergic rhinitis. Its effect mechanism may be related to the balance modulation of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells mediated by naive CD4+T cells.
To observe the effects of eye acupuncture on motor evoked potential (MEP) and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in the patients with incomplete spinal cord injury so as to evaluate its clinical efficacy.

According to the random number table, 90 patients were divided into exercise therapy group, eye acupuncture group and eye acupuncture combined exercise therapy group (combined treatment group), 30 cases in each. In the exercise therapy group, patients were treated with the routine exercise and occupational therapy. Patients of the eye acupuncture group were treated with eye acupuncture at upper jiao region, lower jiao region, liver region and kidney region bilaterally. Patients of the combined treatment group were given the routine exercise and occupational therapy combined with eye acupuncture. All the treatments were conducted once daily, 7 days as one treatment course for 4 treatment courses. Before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment, the motor function, light touch sensation and pinprick sensatied with exercise therapy can significantly increase the excitability of sensory and motor nerve conduction in the spinal cord and cerebral cortex of patients, effectively promote the recovery of patients' motor and sensory function and improve the activities of daily living.
To observe the effect of warm needling on the expression of oxidative stress related factors and pro-inflammatory factors in cartilage of mono sodium iodoacetate (MIA) induced knee osteoarthritis (KOA) model rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of KOA.

Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups control, model, acupuncture, moxibustion,warm needling, with 12 rats in each group. Rats of the acupuncture, moxibustion,warm needling groups received manual acupuncture or moxibustion or both stimulation of "Zusanli" (ST36) for 15 minutes, once a day for 21 days beginning from the third day after modeling. The foot volume was measured by drainage method, and the plantar mechanical contraction reflex threshold (mechanical pain threshold, MPT) measured by using an electronic pain meter. After 21 days of treatment, the histopathological changes of knee joint were observed by HE staining, and Mankin score was calculated to evaluate the degree of cartilage destruction. Th pain, swelling and inflammatory damage in KOA rats, which may be associated with its function in inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation in the cartilage of KOA. The therapeutic effect of warm needling is better than that of manual acupuncture and moxibustion alone.
To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of "Shangjuxu"(ST37) and "Tianshu"(ST25) on colonic mucosal injury and activities of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor family，pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling in the colonic tissue in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of UC.

Male SD rats were randomly divided into blank, model, medication and EA groups, with 12 rats in each group. The UC model was established by enema of 2-4-6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid +50% ethanol (2.5 mL). EA (10 Hz/50 Hz) was applied to bilateral ST37 and ST25 for 20 min, once a day, for a total of 10 days. Rats of the medication group received gavage of mesalazine suspension (2 mL：0.2 g/kg+0.9% saline) once a day, for 10 days. The rats' general conditions were recorded for calculating the disease activity index (DAI) score (0-4 points). The colonic tissue was sampled for giving colonic mucosa damage index (CMDI, 0-5 points) score and for observRP3 contents, and expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 proteins (
>0.05). Selleckchem Tofacitinib The rats' general conditions including arch back sloth, anorexia, loss of fur gloss, weight loss, lethargy and loose of stool, and histopathological changes such as necrosis of intestinal mucosa, formation of obvious ulcerative surface, with many neutrophils and pus cells and inflammatory cell infiltration were obvious in the model group, which were relative milder in both medication and EA groups.

EA can relieve colonic injury in UC rats, which may be related to its functions in down-regulating serum IL-1β, TNF-α and NLRP3 levels by suppressing colonic NF-κB / NLRP3 inflammasome signaling.
EA can relieve colonic injury in UC rats, which may be related to its functions in down-regulating serum IL-1β, TNF-α and NLRP3 levels by suppressing colonic NF-κB / NLRP3 inflammasome signaling.
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