Notes

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6%), deformed nail in 14 cases (24.6%), and cold hypersensitivity in 20 cases (35.1%). The mean duration of the disease was 2.3 years (1.2-5.6 years).

One of the most painful clinical conditions confirmed by comprehensive clinical assessment and cured dramatically by complete surgical excision.
One of the most painful clinical conditions confirmed by comprehensive clinical assessment and cured dramatically by complete surgical excision.
Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability and loss of productive life in developing countries, including India. Ischemic stroke accounts for 85% of all types of stroke with a prevalence of 5%-15% among acute stroke incidents. The prevalence of poststroke depression among acute stroke survivors is varied from 5 to 54%. The study focused on depression among stroke survivors who actively involved in a home-based rehabilitation.

A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted by enrolling 138 stroke survivors consecutively at tertiary care public hospital, North India. A sociodemographic and clinical profile sheet was used to seek information on personal and clinical variables. Information on disability, depression, performance in the activity of daily living, and degree of stroke severity was ascertained by using the Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Barthel Index, and National Institutes of Health Stroke (NIHSS). After binary logistic regression model, a multivarg of the stroke survivors at follow-up visit to rule out the probability of occurrence of poststroke depression.
India accounts for 17% of the population, contributes to about 19% of maternal deaths, and 21% of childhood deaths of the world. Antenatal and postnatal services were one of the most important works done by ASHA workers.

The objective of this study was to assess the services provided by ASHA workers in a district of western Utter Pradesh to her beneficiaries regarding antenatal and postnatal care.

A cross-sectional study was done in four randomly selected blocks of the district with the help of simple random sampling technique.

A total of 384 study participants (mother having child up to 2 years of age) who availed services from the ASHA of their village.

Data were analyzed using SPSS-24.0, IBM Corp., Chicago, USA. Differences between the groups were compared using the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test.
value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Out of 384 beneficiaries of ASHA workers regarding antenatal and post-natal services, only 25% educated up to ≥higher secondary. Most of the beneficiaries (>55%) escorted less than four times for ANC, whereas only 0.5% of beneficiaries received the correct number i.e., 180 or > 180 IFA tablet from the ASHA workers. Only 57.2% of beneficiaries replied ≥6 times the post natal care home visit done by ASHA.

Services provided by ASHA workers regarding ANC and PNC were not adequate.
Services provided by ASHA workers regarding ANC and PNC were not adequate.
Approximately 33% of all gynaecological consultations are associated with abnormal vaginal bleeding, and this proportion increases to 70% in the peri and postmenopausal years.

To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Karman's cannula endometrial aspiration histopathology versus dilatation and curettage in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding.

In total 100 women of all age groups with a clinical diagnosis of AUB were included in this prospective comparative study. Endometrial aspiration with Karman cannula was performed in the operation theatre prior to curettage to maintain synchronization during sampling.

In our study, no significant difference was observed between Karman and D and C regarding sample adequacy (
= 0.07), HPE findings (
= 1) and concordance rate with hysterectomy specimen (
= 1). 95% of the samples obtained by Karman and 98% of those obtained by D and C were adequate. For obtaining an adequate sample by Karman the sensitivity and accuracy was 96.94% and 96% when compared with D a
Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergencies across the world.

The aim of this study was to determine the value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer as diagnostic markers of acute appendicitis.

It was a Prospective observational clinical study.

The present study was carried out in General Surgical Unit of University Hospital, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi from September 2015 to July 2017. All data including patient's demography, clinical examination, laboratory test results, and appendix histology were summarized. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of TLC, CRP, and D-dimer was analyzed.

Total 65 patients who presented with periumbilical pain or pain in right iliac fossa (RIF) were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 31.18 ± 14.59 years (range 15 to 65 years) with male female ratio was 2.211. The most common symptom was pain in right iliac fossa (100%) followed by nausea/vomiting (69.2%). The mean leucocyte count, CRP, and D-dimer levels were significantly raised in appendicitis group as compared to negative appendicectomy group (
= 0.025,
= 0.036, and
= 0.025, respectively). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for TLC was not helpful for differentiating between appendicitis and negative appendicitis (
= 0.073). In addition, D-dimer was helpful for differentiating between appendicitis and negative appendicitis (
= 0.002). However, CRP was also found to be helpful for differentiating between appendicitis and negative appendicitis (
= 0.030).

The diagnosis of appendicitis remains multifactorial and biochemical markers like CRP and D-dimer may help to guide the surgeon in the decision making.
The diagnosis of appendicitis remains multifactorial and biochemical markers like CRP and D-dimer may help to guide the surgeon in the decision making.
After the formal process of developing/revising and implementing the curriculum, the need arises for its 'Evaluation'. A plan of evaluation is an integral part of the process of curriculum development, which ultimately yields an evaluation report, giving us the directives for the curriculum reforms in the future. 'Curriculum Evaluation' is one of the six steps of curriculum development as given by David E Kern.

The present study was undertaken with an objective to evaluate the whole process of curriculum revision and effectiveness of the Physiology curriculum in achieving the goals, objectives, and outcomes.

A framework or model is developed named 'FIPO model' of curriculum evaluation. According to this, all four components (Formative phase, Input, Process, Output and Outcome) are evaluated for the 'Curriculum'. Selleckchem Ispinesib In addition, the model also states the key/concerned person/persons responsible and the assessment/monitoring modality for each component.

All parameters included in the 'Formative phase' of treport stated that the curriculum of Physiology subject of MBBS (Phase I) is revised, implemented and evaluated systematically as per the prescribed guidelines using the available resources in an effective and efficient manner. The demonstrable output for the same was the document of 'Revised Curriculum' and significant outcomes were in the form of satisfactory result and distinctions for the subject Physiology.
Oral health is an integral component of general health. Periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent dental diseases among the population. Researchers have identified an association of various risk factors with periodontal disease. The study aimed to assess the periodontal status among the sugar factory workers of Karad taluka.

The study was conducted among 1200 subjects in the age group of 25-54 years. Personal and sociodemographic data were recorded in the proforma based on the WHO oral health survey form (1997). Periodontal status was assessed using community periodontal index (CPI). For statistical analyses, Chi-square test and Multiple Logistic Regression analyses was performed.

The sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, and socioeconomic status) and deleterious habits like tobacco chewing and smoking were found to be significantly associated with the CPI and LoA scores for the population (
< 0.00001).

The analysis of the results obtained in this epidemiological study evidenced that periodontitis is prevalent among the sugar factory workers of Karad taluka. There is a need for emphasis on the preventive care.
The analysis of the results obtained in this epidemiological study evidenced that periodontitis is prevalent among the sugar factory workers of Karad taluka. There is a need for emphasis on the preventive care.
to investigate the postendodontic pain in asymptomatic necrotic teeth prepared with different rotary instrumentation techniques after single-visit root canal treatment.

A total of 60 single-rooted teeth with single root canal were treated endodontically. Teeth were divided randomly into four equaled groups (
= 15) according to instrumentation systems as follows group I were shaped using ProTaper Universal (control group) (Dentsply/Maillefer, Ballaigues), group 2 were shaped with 2Shape (Micro-Mega) till TS2 (25.06), group 3 were shaped with XP-endo Shaper file (FKG Dentaire) till #30.04, and group 4 were shaped with Reciproc blue (VDW) till R25 (25.08). All groups were prepared according to manufacturer's instructions and obturated with lateral condensation technique. Pain levels were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) and verbal evaluation of pain questionnaire after 6, 12, 24, 48 h, and 7 days of canal obturation. Data were then analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests at
value of 0.05.

Postendodontic pain started after 6 h of treatment with highest values and then decreased gradually until almost vanished after 1 week of treatment, with no significant differences in VAS among studied groups (ProTaper, 2 shape, XP endo Shaper, and Reciproc Blue) after 6,12, and 48 h of treatment. On the other hand, XP endo Shaper group, showed the lowest pain values after 24 h of treatment, and the highest pain values were found in 2 shape group after 1 week with significance (
< 0.05).

Root canals prepared with XP endo Shaper resulted in the lowest pain levels after 24 h of treatment. Root canal preparation with 2Sshape rotary system resulted in the highest pain levels after 1 week of treatment.
Root canals prepared with XP endo Shaper resulted in the lowest pain levels after 24 h of treatment. Root canal preparation with 2Sshape rotary system resulted in the highest pain levels after 1 week of treatment.
To explore resident perceptions of factors contributing to pass rates on a high-stake licensing objective structured clinical exam (OSCE).

A cross-sectional survey was administered to all 51 applicants of the April 2019 internal medicine Arab Board OSCE examination in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE), and included questions on preparedness, stress level, and prior educational experiences. Exposures were evaluated for correlation against Arab Board pass rates using Pearson correlation and the two-tailed significance was recorded.

All 51 examinees completed the survey (100% response rate). Participants were primarily female
= 35 (67%) and all completed residency training in the UAE. Gender differences were noted, with higher pass rates for the male residents (13/35, 37% females vs. 8/16, 50% males,
< 0.05). Further, 65% (
< 0.001) of female examinees reported higher levels of anxiety than male residents. Examinees reported regular exposure during residency to clinical skills training (74%), standardized patients (71%), simulation (66%), and OSCEs (72%) but none of these educational modalities correlated with higher pass rates.
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