Notes

One session endoscopic ultrasound-guided double get around (hepaticogastrostomy and gastrojejunostomy) for concomitant duodenal as well as biliary blockage: In a situation collection.
OBJECTIVE Few studies of eating-disorder behaviors (EDBs) in Iran have been conducted and no study has examined the occurrence of these behaviors (EDBs) among young Iranian men. selleckchem This cross-sectional study examined the occurrence of EDBs, as assessed by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), among young men and women in Iran. METHOD Male (n = 253) and female (n = 384) college students completed the EDE-Q. Mean scores on the EDE-Q subscales and the occurrence and regular occurrence of EDBs, namely, binge eating, self-induced vomiting, laxative misuse, extreme dietary restriction and excessive exercise, were compared between male and female participants. RESULTS Female students had higher scores on the EDE-Q Shape Concern subscale than males, whereas scores on the other subscales did not differ by gender. Male students were more likely to report self-induced vomiting (any occurrence 10.4% vs. 3.2%) and excessive exercise (28.0% vs. 20.0%) than female students. The occurrence of other EDBs did not differ by gender and binge eating was the most common EDB in both men (regular occurrence = 24.7%) and women (27.5%). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that EDBs are relatively common among college students in Iran and that most EDBs are equally common among male and female students. Prevention and health promotion programs designed to reduce the occurrence and adverse impact of EDBs may be increasingly important in Iran. Differences in trait suggestibility among those with obesity may help explain differential responses to weight-loss interventions. Ubiquitous advertising of unhealthy foods, weight-loss products that are not evidence-based, and myths regarding weight loss could be particularly sabotaging in individuals with high levels of suggestibility, with or at risk of developing obesity. This study explored relationships between suggestibility, body mass index (BMI), and self-reported eating-related behaviors that vary among those with obesity. A sample of ethnically diverse adults (N = 73) with a BMI ≥25 completed the Short Suggestibility Scale (SSS), Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS), Binge Eating Scale (BES), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire-Restraint (DEBQ-R), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). Impulsiveness was controlled in analyses due to its strong association with suggestibility. Analyses revealed that BMI was not related to SSS scores, consistent with studies using hypnotic-suggestibility scales. However, SSS scores were positively associated with eating caloric food more frequently for Reward, Social, and Conformity motives, and with greater actual dieting behavior, and binge eating. Suggestibility was not related to eating for Coping motives or effort to diet. If supported by future replications, knowledge of these associations could potentially help inform and tailor weight-loss interventions to protect those that may be most susceptible to adopting invalid messages and products. The increase in lawsuits against veterinarians based on recklessness, negligence and malpractice is a current trend since pets are increasingly viewed as part of the family, and legal action is sought if the owner is frustrated with the services rendered by the veterinarian. However, since scarce data exists on this issue, this study aims to quantify and qualify lawsuits filed against veterinarians in the state of São Paulo, Brazil to identify and correlate potential risk factors that may lead to conviction or acquittal of defendants. For this purpose, the methodology employed a search for lawsuits on the website of the São Paulo State Court of Justice, sorted by year; proceedings (summary or special civil court); plaintiff's claim (non-economic damages, economic damages, malpractice, negligence or recklessness); court decision (case granted or denied); reason for judgment (sufficient or insufficient evidence); reverse burden of proof (present or absent); type of evidence (deposition, documentary and expert testimony); value of damages claimed and awarded; location (greater São Paulo or inner state), and whether the lawsuit was filed against a veterinary clinic or hospital. These categories shed light, through bivariate and Poisson regression analyses, on the potential risk factors relative to court decisions. Results demonstrate that reverse burden of proof and insufficient evidence as the basis for judgment were, respectively, risk factors for conviction and acquittal of veterinary practitioners, and the number of lawsuits increased by 533 % over eight years. Soils are crucial trace evidence that can establish or exclude the relationship between a suspect, victim, or an object at a particular scene, which could contribute to building a case. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy have been demonstrated to be effective techniques for soil characterization owing to its being rapid, non-destructive, and convenient analysis with little sample preparation requirements. Therefore, the principles of LIBS and FTIR-ATR techniques for soil forensic analysis in typical soil samples were investigated and their practical feasibility was tested by applying the techniques to forensic soil samples in two criminal cases. Principal component analysis (PCA) of a typical soil sample indicated that five typical soil types were clearly distinguished by LIBS and FTIR-ATR spectra. Variations in the soil elements (i.e., Si, Mg, Al, Ca, K, O, and N) and functional groups (i.e., OH/NH, CC/CO, SiO, CO32-, AlOH, and NH2) are crucial indicators for soil identification. The casework results demonstrated that both LIBS and FTIR-ATR show great potential for forensic soil analysis in future cases. OBJECTIVES To assess knowledge and practice of birth preparedness among antenatal care (ANC) clients attending maternal and child health center in Assiut Governorate in Upper Egypt and to identify factors affecting BP/CR knowledge and practice. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in three randomly selected health centers providing ANC services in Assiut city, Upper Egypt. 300 pregnant women in their third trimester were interviewed using an Arabic version of the BP/CR questionnaire. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors of BP/CR knowledge and practice of pregnant women. RESULTS Only 26.7% of the study participants were considered "well prepared" for birth and its complications. The most frequently mentioned practice was the preparation of essential items for delivery and newborn care (40%) followed by saving money (34.7%). Identifying a skilled provider for delivery, a blood donor and a transport method was practiced only by 7.3%, 2.3% and 1% of the participants respectively. Women who lived in rural regions were 1.9 times likely to be well prepared for childbirth than those who lived in urban regions and women who attended ≥4 ANC visits were 3.2 times more likely to be well prepared as compared to those who attended less than four visits. CONCLUSION Efforts should focus not only on frequency but also on the contents of health education given during ANC follow ups with giving special emphasis to knowledge of key danger signs and BP/ CR. Since the advent of biologics in human welfare various bio-molecules have been explored. Different bacterial exopolysaccharides have proved their worth in many industrial and commercial applications. In this perspective, while exploring a surfactant exopolysaccharide of Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium C1, it is strikingly observed that it possesses a potent antibacterial property which encourages its bio-medical applications. Following isolation and purification of the said exopolysaccharide, its structural configuration and functional attributes are studied by several analytical procedures involving FTIR, 13C- NMR, CHN-analysis, estimation of zeta potential, XRD-study and digital tensiometry. When treated with pathological samples in vitro, it distinctly elicits its antibacterial property by exhibiting a characteristic zone of inhibition. Combined with a standard antibiotic (like ciprofloxacin), it enhances the action of antibiotic also. Mechanism of its antibacterial action is evaluated by crystal violet entrapment assay with UV-vis spectrophotometry, bacterial cell viability assay by trypan blue staining and SEM study. Results show that its basic surfactant property, anionic character, crystalline nature and scaffolding architecture are supposed to facilitate its antibacterial property which is manifested by its capability of disrupting bacterial cell envelope causing eventual cell death. In the current global scenario, an increasing threat of antibiotic resistance is prevailing due to their indiscriminate use. If used as an adjuvant with a judicious dose of antibiotic, this bio-molecule might play a significant role in bio-medicine to combat such threat. BACKGROUND Low level of fibrinogen is a risk factor of perioperative bleeding, which is a major complication in surgical patients. However, the safety and efficacy of fibrinogen supplementation with fibrinogen concentrate to minimize postoperative bleeding remains unclear. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this review was to investigate the effect of fibrinogen concentrate in postoperative blood loss in adult surgical patients. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL were searched from their start date until July 2019. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA All randomized clinical trials comparing intravenous fibrinogen concentrate and placebo in adult surgical patients were included, regardless of type of surgery. Observational studies, case reports, case series and non-systematic reviews were excluded. RESULTS Thirteen trials (n = 900) were included in this review. In comparison to placebo, fibrinogen concentrate significantly reduced the first 12-hour postoperative blood loss, with a mean difference of -134.6 ml (95% CI -181.9 to -87.4). It also significantly increased clot firmness in thromboelastometry (FIBTEM) with a mean difference of 2.5 mm (95%CI 1.1 to 3.8). No significant differences were demonstrated in the adverse events associated with fibrinogen concentrate use, namely incidence of thromboembolism, myocardial infarction and acute kidney injury. CONCLUSIONS In this meta-analysis of 13 randomized trials, low level of evidence and substantial heterogeneity with small sample size limit strong recommendation on the use of fibrinogen concentrate in adult surgical patients. However, its use is tolerable without any notable adverse events. TRIAL REGISTRATION CRD42019149164. Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) has been strictly controlled as hazardous waste globally because it contains various heavy metals and dioxins. This study prepared a nanometallic Al/CaO (n-Al/CaO) dispersion mixture via ball-milling as a reductive stabilization reagent for the simultaneous immobilization of heavy metals and detoxification of POPs like substance in MSWI-FA. Under optimal conditions, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb had been significantly immobilized (over 99.9 %) and the leaching concentration of Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb were below the detectable limit. Simultaneously, 82.43 % of HCB can be destructed into alkanes and amorphous carbon. The porous structure of the fly ash and alkaline surface of n-Al/CaO promoted the adsorption and cracking of HCB. The highly active n-Al/CaO interacted with water as the hydrogen donor to promote the reductive dechlorination process. Hydrocalumite was a new mineral formed from the adsorption and complexation of heavy metal. Therefore, n-Al/CaO can strengthen the control of heavy metals in the S/S treatment of MSWI-FA, effectively detoxify chlorinated organics, and reduce environmental health risks.
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