Notes

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Several factors are associated with an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction revision. However, the ability to accurately translate these factors into a quantifiable risk of revision at a patient-specific level has remained elusive. We sought to determine if machine learning analysis of the Norwegian Knee Ligament Register (NKLR) can identify the most important risk factors associated with subsequent revision of primary ACL reconstruction and develop a clinically meaningful calculator for predicting revision of primary ACL reconstruction.

Machine learning analysis was performed on the NKLR data set. The primary outcome was the probability of revision ACL reconstruction within 1, 2, and/or 5 years. Data were split randomly into training sets (75%) and test sets (25%). Four machine learning models were tested Cox Lasso, survival random forest, generalized additive model, and gradient boosted regression. Concordance and calibration were calculated for all 4 models.

The data set ensive data set may improve the accuracy of risk prediction, and future studies incorporating patients who have experienced failure of ACL reconstruction but have not undergone subsequent revision may better predict the true risk of ACL reconstruction failure.

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.In this study, zinc oxide and silver and copper-doped zinc oxide nanorods were synthesized by a simple template-free precipitation technique. In addition, meso-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS4) was prepared and immobilized on ZnO nanorods (TPPS/ZnO). The synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by various techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy. The potential of the obtained photocatalysts in the degradation of methylene blue was investigated under UV and visible light irradiation. The results revealed that the photocatalytic activity of TPPS/ZnO was higher than those of the pure ZnO and doped ZnO under visible light irradiation.Discharge of oily wastewater imparts serious threat to the environment because of high level concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as well as oil and grease and it is difficult to treat such wastewater due to its inherent toxic and inhibitory property. A treatability study of oily wastewater (carrying petroleum) has been performed in the present work using a batch suspended growth reactor. The experiment was conducted using acclimatized suspended biomass in laboratory environment and the kinetic coefficients were determined which are immensely important for the design of such reactor. The oil removal efficiency was observed to be in the range of 62.84-85.45% corresponding to average MLSS concentration range of 1,797-3,668 mg/L. Haldane kinetic model was found to be the best fitted for the biodegradation of oily wastewater with acclimatised microorganisms in the present investigation. The kinetic co-efficients including Ks, Y, kd, k and ki were calculated from the experimental data and the values were compared with published results cited by various scientists. The derived kinetic coefficients values are to be useful for understanding the dynamics of substrate utilisation with production of biomass and efficient design of biological systems and also for pilot plant investigation with real life wastewater of similar nature.A combination of a submerged membrane filtration system and powdered activated carbon (PAC) was investigated for nonylphenol ethoxylates removal. Both filtration flux and initial powdered activated carbon dosage had significant effects on the micropollutants removal efficiency. The best performance was achieved under the filtration flux of 20 L/m2.h and the initial powdered activated carbon of 50 mg/L. The removal efficiencies of nonylphenol ethoxylates was obtained at 75±5% in the first 60 hours, and then decreased at 55±7% and 23±11% in the following hours, respectively. Tanespimycin As observed, over 65% of dissolved organic carbon mass adsorbed into powdered activated carbon that was suspended in the bulk phase, and the remainder was adsorbed into powdered activated carbon that deposited on the membrane surface. It reveals that the combination between submerged membrane filtration and PAC could be an effective solution for enhancing removal of micropollutants from water.This study aims to investigate the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) over particulate durian peel waste, which is chemically activated with hydrogen peroxide. The equilibrium data are well described by the Freundlich isotherm model, which indicates that the MB adsorption takes place predominantly on multilayers and heterogeneous surfaces of the biosorbent. The Freundlich adsorption constants, KF and n, are 11.06 L/g and 2.94, respectively. Thermodynamic data suggest that the MB adsorption occurs spontaneously and endothermically. The enthalpy and entropy for the MB adsorption are obtained as 10.26 kJ/mol and 0.058 kJ/mol K, respectively, in the temperature range of 303-323 K. Based on the stepwise desorption method, the adsorption of MB is dominated by physical interactions, particularly hydrogen bonding.Capacitive deionization (CDI) has been considered as a promising technology for removing phosphate from water but suffer inferior selectivity and electrosorption performances for phosphate of current carbon electrodes in CDI. Herein, we achieved highly selective phosphate removal from a ternary effluent of Cl-, PO43-, and SO42- by using nitric acid-treated activated carbon (AC) with various modification times and pure AC as the anode and cathode, a novel phosphate selective asymmetric CDI reactor. The results showed that carboxyl groups greatly grafted on the materials after modification (varying from 0.00084 to 0.0012 mol g-1). The phosphate selectivity of the present research was higher than that of unmodified CDI, and it increased with the increase of carboxyl groups content. The highest phosphate selectivity (2.01) in modified materials is almost six times higher than that of pure AC. Moreover, the modified electrodes exhibited good regenerative ability with a phosphate desorption efficiency of around 72.12% during the adsorption/desorption process and great stability during the cycling experiment. These results demonstrated that the innovative application of nitric acid-modified AC can effectively selectively remove phosphate from mixed anion solution, opening a hopeful window to selective adsorption in water treatment by CDI.Urban pavement runoff has become an important pollution source endangering the quality of urban water. This paper analyzed the characteristics of particle size distribution of road-deposited sediment (RDS). The variation of pollutants with RDS content is presented. Based on continuous sampling of runoff, the variation between pollutant concentration and rainfall characteristics is revealed. The results show that each particle group shares similar content except for the group smaller than 0.075 mm. However, the smaller particles have a stronger ability to adsorb heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cu), and a weaker ability to adsorb chemical oxygen demand (COD). The concentrations of different pollutants have different relationships with rainfall and runoff time. The concentration of suspended solids (SS) decreases steadily with runoff time, while the concentration of heavy metals increases first and then decreases. The first 30 minutes of runoff is the best time to treat heavy metals and SS. The five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) concentration are mainly affected by rainfall intensity. The result presented in this paper may provide a useful reference for the treatment of pavement runoff pollution.The contamination of water catchments by nonpoint source faecal pollution is a major issue affecting the microbial quality of receiving waters and is associated with the occurrence of a range of enteric illnesses in humans. The potential sources of faecal pollution in surface waters are diverse, including urban sewage leaks, surface runoff and wildlife contamination originating from a range of hosts. The major contributing hosts require identification to allow targeted management of this public health concern. In this study, two high-performing Microbial Source Tracking (MST) assays, HF183/Bac242 and BacCan-UCDmodif, were used for their ability to detect host-specific Bacteroides 16Sr RNA markers for faecal pollution in a 12-month study on an urban coastal lagoon in Sydney, Australia. The lagoon was found to contain year-round high numbers of human and canine faecal markers, as well as faecal indicator bacteria counts, suggesting considerable human and animal faecal pollution. The high sensitivity and specificity of the HF183/Bac242 and BacCan-UCDmodif assays, together with the manageable levels of PCR inhibition and high level DNA extraction efficiency obtained from lagoon water samples make these markers candidates for inclusion in an MST 'toolbox' for investigating host origins of faecal pollution in urban surface waters.The present study evaluated engineered media for plant biofilter optimisation in an unvegetated column experiment to assess the performance of loamy sand, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite and attapulgite media under stormwater conditions enriched with varying nutrients and metals reflecting urban pollutant loads. Sixty columns, 30 unvegetated and 30 Juncus effusus vegetated, were used to test pollutant removal, infiltration rate, particulate discharge, effluent clarity and plant functional response, over six sampling rounds. All engineered media outperformed conventional loamy sand across criteria, with engineered attapulgite consistently among the best performers. No reportable difference existed in vegetation exposed to different material combinations. For all media, the results show a net removal of NH3-N, PO43--P, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn and an increase of NO3--N, emphasizing the importance of vegetation in biofilters. Growth media supporting increased rate of infiltration whilst maintaining effective remediation performance offers the potential for reducing the area required by biofilters, currently recommended at 2% of its catchment area, encouraging the use of small-scale green infrastructure in the urban area. Further research is required to assess the carrying capacity of engineered media in laboratory and field settings, particularly during seasonal change, gauging the substrate's potential moisture availability for root uptake.Intermittent planted filters are extensive biological purification techniques aimed at oxidizing and decontaminating urban wastewater at a low cost and with minimum environmental impacts. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the performances of intermittent planted filters in treating urban wastewater under arid conditions of southern Tunisia. The experimental study was carried out on a pilot scale plant comprising five constructed gravel-sand basins. Screened urban wastewater effluent was intermittently applied with a daily hydraulic load of 400 L/m2. Several water quality parameters were monitored at the inlet and outlet of this treatment plant. The average removal rate were 94.8%, 92.3%, 99.3%, 89.9% and 93.3% for chemical and biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, ammonium nitrogen and orthophosphate, respectively. Additionally, results demonstrated that this treatment system is capable of removing 3.67, 3.22 and 2.44 log units of total and faecal coliforms, and faecal streptococci, respectively.
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