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Unirhinal Olfactory Tests for the Diagnostic Workup of Slight Intellectual Disability.
Conclusions GWLs appear to be an important health communication among low-income smokers. Future studies on GWLs should examine the association of negative affect and cessation among this population.Objective In this paper, we examine client perspectives of health coaching programs and differences by insurance type. Methods We used descriptive coding and directed content analysis to analyze semi-structured qualitative in-person interviews that assessed preferred health coach qualifications and experience, desirable attributes for coaches, and interest in having a coach. We recruited participants (N = 140 adults 61 commercial insurance, 79 Medicaid) without consideration of prior health coaching experience. Results Participants viewed physicians as the experts on health and valued coaches as supporters of behavior-change efforts that could take a patient's life context into account. SL-327 cell line Empathetic coaches were expected to motivate and hold patients accountable without taking too much time or being too "pushy." Participants preferred some in-person interaction and differed in preferences for program referral and enrollment approaches. Medicaid beneficiaries had less prior exposure to health coaching, more interest in having a coach, and preferred coaches to provide medical education. Conclusions Irrespective of prior coaching experience or insurance type, participants agreed on many preferred characteristics of coaches and coaching programs. Understanding client preferences and expectations can help refine the role of health coaches, making them more effective and shaping the way they are presented to potential participants to enhance their appeal and use.Objectives In this paper, we examine the relationship between parental cigarette, waterpipe, or dual smoking behavior and the development of childhood cancer. Methods We utilized a case-control design (200 in the case age- and sex-matched with 400 control group). The sample was selected from 3 main public hospitals in Jordan. We used a demographic data sheet to collect background information about the children and their parents, and a structured questionnaire to assess the children's exposure to second-hand smoking. Result Children of women who smoke on occasional to daily levels were significantly more likely to have cancer (p = .007). Also, fathers who smoke on a daily basis were significantly more likely to conceive a child with cancer compared to nonsmokers (p less then .001). The regression analysis showed that women who had past exposure to smoke were more likely to have a child with cancer compared to none-exposure women (OR = 2.9). Conclusions Children who are exposed to smoking by family members during pregnancy are significantly more likely to develop cancer. Furthermore, children who are exposed to waterpipe and cigarette smoking combined during their neonatal period have a higher chance of developing cancer.Objectives In this scoping review, we examine the current state of literature on weight-related Multiple Health Behavior Change (MHBC). Specifically, we investigate (1) MHBC versus single health behavior change (SHBC) interventions and (2) simultaneous versus sequential MHBC approaches. Secondarily, we explore (3) attributes that predict success in MHBC, and (4) the utilization of theoretical frameworks. Methods We retrieved studies from PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar within the 2000 to 2018 range. Results MHBC interventions proved superior for long-term weight loss when compared to SHBC approaches. However, the literature is limited. Studies investigating simultaneous and sequential MHBC approaches are also limited and have mixed results. Predictive characteristics of MHBC include behavior adherence, risk level, stage of change, self-efficacy, social support, environmental barriers, and treatment approaches. Whereas evidence evaluating theory in MHBC programs remains scant, there is promising research on constructs from the Transtheoretical Model and Social Cognitive Theory. Conclusions MHBC approaches may better support weight loss efforts. However, further research is needed to understand the effects of behavior change order and timing, predictive features of participants and interventions, and theoretical framework utilization in these weight-loss programs.Objectives Culinary interventions show promise in preventing obesity. The Cooking Up Energy (CUE) program aimed to improve weight status and attitudes held about healthy foods, as well as increase cooking self-efficacy and frequency of meal preparation, in children 6-12 years of age. Methods We provided 10 one-hour long culinary and nutrition education sessions. We took pre- and post-program surveys along with height, weight, and waist circumference measurements. We invited parents to 2 evening sessions. We analyzed results for the entire group, and a subgroup of children who were overweight or obese at baseline. Results We analyzed matched data (N = 65; 52% female; >60% minority; 43% overweight or obese). Mean BMI percentile and BMI z-score did not change significantly following program completion. However, BMI z-score in those who were overweight or obese, remained favorably constant, rather than rising. We found an increase in participation in meal preparation for all meals, along with robust attendance and favorable program evaluations. Participant cooking self-efficacy and attitudes remained largely unchanged. Conclusion Favorable results for several factors were evident; however, they did not reach statistical significance. The program holds promise in influencing food-related behaviors that can buffer obesity risk in children; however these findings warrant further investigation.The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of Rodentibacter pneumotropicus, R. heylii, R. rarus, R. ratti, and R. heidelbergensis and of a Rodentibacter- related β-hemolytic Pasteurellaceae taxon isolated from laboratory rodents were studied for their feasibility to discriminate among these species. The 6 species analyzed showed species-specific ITS patterns that were shared by the type strains and clinical isolates and that allowed their identification. Nevertheless, differentiating between the ITS band patterns of R. pneumotropicus and R. ratti is visually challenging. In all species tested, sequence analysis of the ITS fragments revealed a larger ITS ile+ala , which contained the genes for tRNA Ile(GAU) and tRNA Ala(UGC) , and a smaller ITS glu with the tRNA Glu(UUC) gene. The ITS sequences varied among the 6 species evaluated, displaying identity levels ranging from 62% to 86% for ITS ile+ala and 68% to 90% for ITS glu . Overall, ITS amplification proved to be a reliable method to differentiate among these important Pasteurellaceae species of laboratory rodents. Moreover, the ITS sequence variations recorded here might facilitate the design of probes for specific identification of these species. The ability to diagnose these organisms to the species level could increase our understanding of their clinical significance.Eighty-eight posters to be presented at ASCP's 2020 Annual Meeting & Exhibition.The spread of COVID-19 may change the long-term care industry in ways that will last long after the pandemic has ended, and the diligent pharmacist needs to be aware of how to adjust to those changes.The current COVID-19 pandemic with the associated social distancing measures has imposed unprecedented challenges on educational institutions around the globe. Schools and colleges of pharmacy across the United States have responded by offering distance learning options and are designing contingency plans to maintain operations. The pandemic has impacted all aspects of pharmacy education including didactic instruction, experiential education, interprofessional education, cocurricular activities, community service, scholarship, professional service, well-being, resilience, recruitment, admissions, and celebrating student success. Pharmacy faculty, staff, and students are subsequently trying to navigate a rapidly changing environment by taking advantage of opportunities as they arise while mitigating many threats that are affecting their professional and personal lives. Pharmacy faculty will need to remain flexible, embrace change, and create innovative solutions to help students progress through the curriculum while maintaining their contributions to society. Students will need to find creative ways to remain engaged with their courses and cocurricular activities.The pandemic has affected all walks of life and businesses, including education at all levels. Movement controls have forced the schools and universities to migrate the teaching and learning to be fully online. Some universities in large cities in Malyasia had already implemented blended learning and thus, were better prepared to adjust to the current situation. However, the universities, which practiced mainly traditional didactic courses, were struggling to suddenly change the mode of delivery. Many relied on the creativity of the lecturers and students.In a country with 1.3 billion population and about 1,000 universities and more than 50,000 higher education institutions and enrollment of 30 million students and a diverse demography, to find a single solution that can keep the teaching and learning process continued was a mammoth task. The focus was on engaging the students and completing the academic sessions. Having crossed the phase of teaching and learning, the institutions are now grappling as to how the examinations and progression of these students be considered. Learning from global experiences and a bit of innovation, this too has been overcome with methodologies that would have been unacceptable earlier. The challenge presently is the preparedness of higher education in the post pandemic period.An acceptable degree of digital literacy has always been present among the pharmacy teaching staff in Basel, with PowerPoint being the main vehicle to present teaching materials in front of full or half classes. Because cell phones became inseparable from students over the past years, mobile voting (movo.ch) or e-quizzes (mentimeter.com) have been regularly used to hold the attention of all students during collective teaching. Moreover, e-assessment on iPad® with the software BeAxi (www.k2prime.com) was introduced in 2012 and is currently used for all evaluations and exams. Suddenly over the night of March 16, 2020, our university, as all universities around the world, had to transfer all courses to an online format and to empower lecturers to teach from their home. This paper offers one perspective for how this digitial experiment unfolded at the University of Basel in Basel, Switzerland.The pharmacy degree at Monash University is a four year undergraduate Bachelor of Pharmacy with Honours (BPharm(Hons)), followed by a one year Master of Pharmacy incorporating a preregistration year of supervised practice, known in Australia as internship. The first cohort of the BPharm(Hons) will graduate in 2020. A key principle of the new curriculum was that clinical experiential placements should commence early in the curriculum, be fully integrated with the didactic curriculum, and prepare students for internship by developing their competence in performing useful and relevant tasks in the workplace. Entrustable Professional Activities (EPA) are used as the framework for their experiences.
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