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Local Views associated with COVID-19 throughout Pakistan's Sindh Domain: "Political Game", Supernatural Check, or American Conspiracy?
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by hyperproliferative keratinocytes and immune cell infiltration into the skin, often accompanied by itch. Histamine, acting via histamine 1-4 receptors, is known to modulate immune responses in the skin and to induce itch. The aim of this study was to test the role of histamine 2 receptors and histamine 4 receptors in the imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation model. BALB/c mice were treated intraperitoneally with amthamine (histamine 2 receptor agonist), JNJ-39758979 (histamine 4 receptor antagonist), a combination of both, or vehicle twice daily in a preventive manner. Imiquimod was applied once daily onto the back skin for 10 consecutive days. Stimulation of histamine 2 receptors and blockade of histamine 4 receptors ameliorated imiquimod-induced skin inflammation. The combination of amthamine and JNJ-39758979 reduced skin inflammation even more pronounced, diminished epidermal hyperproliferation, and inhibited spontaneous scratching behaviour. A combination of histamine 2 receptor agonist and histamine 4 receptor antagonists could represent a new strategy for the treatment of psoriasis.is missing (Short communication).The authors describe an 8-day-old male infant born premature at 31 weeks and 6 days (corrected gestational age 33 weeks) with cholestatic jaundice and cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia found to have bilateral multilaminar hemorrhages that represented a diagnostic challenge. Fluorescein angiography (FA) ruled out vasculitis, retinitis, and neovascular process. An extensive laboratory work-up for infectious and coagulopathic etiologies was negative other than a positive systemic viral titer for CMV, but there was no retinitis based on serial exams and FA. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a right-sided subarachnoid hemorrhage, which was felt to be parturitional and confirmed the unifying diagnosis of delivery-associated retinopathy and intracranial hemorrhages in a preterm infant, a term that has been previously described. Simultaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage and vitreoretinal hemorrhage may represent an underrecognized cause of neonatal hemorrhage in preterm infants. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51596-600.].Terson syndrome typically presents with bilateral hemorrhagic retinopathy associated with acute intracranial bleeding. The authors present a case of neonatal hemispheric ischemic stroke with vasogenic edema and increased intracranial pressure creating a unilateral Terson-like syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated congenital occlusion of the left internal carotid artery, among other vascular abnormalities. Chronic submacular, peripheral subretinal, and vitreous hemorrhage were observed, suggesting a multilaminar hemorrhagic process resembling Terson syndrome without frank intracranial hemorrhage. The patient underwent successful lens-sparing vitrectomy of the left eye. A unilateral Terson-like syndrome can result from severe cerebral edema following neonatal stroke in the setting of multiple congenital cerebrovascular abnormalities. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51592-595.].A 2-year-old child was referred to the authors' pediatric retina service for bilateral retinal folds, strabismus, and psychomotor retardation, as well as marked thinning of the corpus callosum. Family history was unremarkable and genetic testing revealed a previously undescribed mutation in the LRP5 gene. Widefield fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography were used to image the retinal fundus. The authors' case suggests a correlation between LRP5 and neurological development, since its variants may lead to a syndromic condition characterized by FEVR-like abnormalities along with neurodevelopmental delay and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. CDK inhibitor [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51588-591.].
To determine which optical parameter profiles (OPPs) can be utilized to improve the visualization of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) and the internal limiting membrane (ILM) using a three-dimensional heads-up microscope during 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy.

Fourteen independent graders were asked to complete a questionnaire comparing each of the OPPs against the unaltered control image for each given surgical case.

Analysis of the graders' responses indicated that higher values of hue are correlated with better visualization of ERM/ILM before and after dye application. There was overall agreement that OPPs could be used to enhance the visualization of the ERM and ILM during surgery.

The use of OPPs to improve the visualization of specific structures is still new and heavily dependent on surgeon preference. The authors' study shows that some OPPs may enhance the visualization of the ERM and ILM during macular surgery. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51584-587.].
The use of OPPs to improve the visualization of specific structures is still new and heavily dependent on surgeon preference. The authors' study shows that some OPPs may enhance the visualization of the ERM and ILM during macular surgery. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51584-587.].
To provide the surgical indication for patients with myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) by investigating the postoperative outcomes after vitrectomy among different types of morphological characteristic groups.

This was a retrospective cohort study that included patients (37 eyes) diagnosed with MTM at a single institution. All 37 eyes from 37 patients with MTMs were classified into three groups foveal retinoschisis (FS), lamellar macular hole (LMH), and foveal retinal detachment (FRD). The ratios of anatomic recovery, central retinal thickness (CRT), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were statistically analyzed among the three groups preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after vitrectomy.

Anatomical recovery could be found in all patients of the FS group at 6 months postoperatively and in the LMH group at 12 months postoperatively. Only 83.33% patients in the FRD group showed anatomic recovery until 12 months. The time taken for CRT to reduce to 200 µm was gradually increased between the FS, LMH, and FRD groups.
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