Notes

Dysarthria strategy for Parkinson's disease: one-year follow-up associated with Talk Out there!® using the Deafening Crowd®.
The dynamic weighted comprehensive function was used to evaluate the Cd content in the edible part of fresh lettuce, available Cd content in the soil, yield, and remediation cost. The results showed that the comprehensive applicability of SM+N3 was the best, followed by that of SM, BC+N3, and BC, and the comprehensive evaluation effect of strain N3 was the worst. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and technical support for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated vegetable fields.In order to evaluate the pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the topsoil of the core area of the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, 146 representative topsoil samples were collected using the grid method and the contents of 16 priority PAHs were analyzed. The results showed that the content of ΣPAHs in topsoil ranged from ND to 123.12 mg·kg-1 with an average of 10.19 mg·kg-1. There were three high PAHs distribution areas in the northwest, southwest, and east of the core area. The source apportionment showed that the sources of PAHs in the Ningdong base were complex, and the main pollution sources were petroleum, coal combustion, traffic, and gasoline, which contributed 39.4%, 33.3%, 19.2%, and 8.1% to the total PAHs sources, respectively. The ecological risk assessment of the quality basis and quality standard method showed that the ecological impact of PAHs in the core area was slight and the possibility of negative ecological effects was low. The results of the health risk assessment showed that the order of exposure of the topsoil PAHs was skin contact > swallowing > respiratory inhalation, and the topsoil PAHs in the core area of the Ningdong base posed no potential carcinogenic risk to people of different ages.Excessive heavy metals in soils and crops will affect the human living environment and health. In order to study the enrichment characteristics and causes of heavy metals in soils and crops in a mountainous area of southern Sichuan, 1699 cultivated soil samples, 30 rice seed samples, 31 corn seed samples, 15 tea samples, and 76 crop root soil samples were collected. The enrichment characteristics and origins of heavy metals in the soil were studied using mathematical statistics, principal component analysis, and correlation analysis. The enrichment characteristics of heavy metals in crops and their correlations with root soil were discussed. The results showed that the content of heavy metals in cultivated soil was higher than the national soil background value, and many sampling points exceeded the risk screening value. Among them, 770 points of Cd, 176 points of Cu, 116 points of Cr, and 106 points of Ni exceeded the standard. Combining the factor analysis results, it was found that Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn ie found in tea.To investigate the effects of long-term fertilization on the accumulation and availability of heavy metals in reddish paddy soil and to analyze the major influencing factors, soil samples were collected after the later rice was harvested in 2018 from a long-term fertilization field experiment that began in 1984. Six treatments were selected, namely CK (control without fertilization), PK (P and K fertilizer), and NPK (N, P, and K fertilizer), and different proportions of organic fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer (M1NPK 30%M+70%NPK; M2NPK 50%M+50%NPK; and M3NPK 70%M+30%NPK), soil chemical properties, total and available heavy metal contents, and the relationships between the available forms of heavy metals and soil chemical parameters and total heavy metals (THM) were analyzed. The results showed that ① long-term fertilization changed the soil chemical properties; compared with those of CK, PK significantly increased the contents of soil available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK), NPK significantlof Cu, Zn, and Cd, whereas there were significant negative correlations between the available and total contents of Cr and Fe. ⑥ Redundancy analysis showed that SOM and pH accounted for 80.7% and 5.5% of the variation in THM, whereas the soil CEC, AP, and pH accounted for 81.1%, 4.9%, and 3.3% of the variation in the available heavy metals, respectively. ⑦ The partial least squares path model analysis showed that the path coefficients of the THM, CEC, and AP on the available state of heavy metals were 0.459, 0.417, and 0.293, respectively. Long-term application of organic manure, such as pig manure, significantly improved the soil chemical properties and affected the availability of heavy metals, and soil CEC and AP may play key roles in regulation.The UNMIX model was used to analyze the source of heavy metals found to be present in the topsoil of parks in the main district of Lanzhou City. The Hakanson toxicity response coefficient was used concurrently to modify the traditional weights in the model, and the matter-element extension model was used to evaluate heavy metal pollution. The results of the evaluation were compared with the comprehensive pollution index (PN) and potential ecological risk index (RI). The results were as follows. ①The average heavy metal content in the topsoil at each sampling point was higher than that of the background value of soil in Lanzhou, with the proportion of Ni, Cu, and Co being 100% while the proportion of Cr, V, Pb, and As contents were 58.82%, 14.71%, 20.59%, and 2.94%, respectively. Selleck BI-3406 ② The results of source analysis showed that there were three major sources of heavy metal pollution in the topsoil of the parks in the study area. Source 1 is construction pollution, which contributes 56% of the Co present. Source 2 atter-element extension model can be used to evaluate heavy metal pollution in soil and the evaluation results are accurate and objective.Mineralization and nitrification, two important processes of the N cycle in forest ecosystems, play an important role in the maintenance of ecosystem function and soil environmental quality. The net mineralization rate and net nitrification rate are two common indexes for evaluation of the N supply and N loss risk in soil. In order to study the soil N transformation characteristics and their influencing factors in woodlands of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the inorganic N concentrations, net N mineralization rates, and net nitrification rates of 327 soils sampled from the Qilian Mountains and Southeast Tibet were analyzed using indoor incubation experiments. The results showed that the inorganic N concentration, net N mineralization rate, and net nitrification rate of the woodland soil in Southeast Tibet ［109.70 mg·kg-1, 3.08 mg·(kg·d)-1, and 2.19 mg·(kg·d)-1］ were significantly higher than those in the Qilian Mountains ［49.47 mg·kg-1, 0.70 mg·(kg·d)-1, and 0.69 mg·(kg·d)-1］. The net mineralization rate of soil the net N mineralization and nitrification rates of woodland soil in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and will further deepen the understanding of the law of soil N transformation in woodlands in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Paddy soil often undergoes frequent dry-wet alternation. The change in water status not only affects the physical and chemical properties of the soil, but also changes the structure and diversity of the soil microbial communities, which in turn determines the rate of soil organic carbon mineralization. However, the effects of different water conditions and soil microbial biomass levels on the process of soil organic carbon mineralization and its mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, this study took typical subtropical paddy soil as the research object, applied a laboratory incubation experiment with two water treatments of dry-wet and continuous flooding, and reduced the soil microbial biomass through chloroform fumigation, thereby obtaining high and low soil microbial biomass carbon contents, to elucidate the influencing mechanisms of microbial biomass and water conditions on organic carbon mineralization in paddy soil. The results showed that during the first 30 d of incubation, the dry-wet treatment wasooding treatment was negatively correlated with the NAG activity, but showed no correlation with enzyme activities under dry-wet management. In summary, the cumulative CO2 emissions of dry-wet treatment were lower than those of continuous flooding treatment, and the difference was significant in soils with low microbial biomass carbon. The size of the soil microbial biomass determined the level of the stable soil organic carbon mineralization rate. The amount of soluble organic carbon and iron reduction affected the soil CO2 emissions under continuous flooding conditions, and the soil water conditions affected the daily CO2 emission rate and its key influencing enzymes. This study provides data and theoretical support for the carbon cycle and carbon sequestration potential in paddy soil.Cropland soil organic carbon density (SOCD) is an important indicator for measuring soil fertility and soil quality. To understand the spatial differentiation characteristics of cropland SOCD and its influencing factors across China, a dataset on the cropland SOCD of 19 typical stations during 2005-2015 was collected from the China Ecosystem Research Network. The geodetector method was used to analyze the influencing factors affecting the spatial patterns of cropland SOCD. The results indicated that the mean cropland SOCD ranged from 0.83 kg·m-2 to 4.97 kg·m-2 in different stations across China, and was higher in humid monsoon regions than in arid and semi-arid regions. Under different land use patterns, the SOCD of paddy fields was higher than that of other croplands and showed a tendency of significant increase from 2005 to 2015, reaching 0.13 kg·(m2·a)-1. The soil physical and chemical properties and precipitation were important influencing factors that affected the spatial patterns of cropland SOCD. In particular, the soil alkaline nitrogen content had the greatest impact on the cropland SOCD patterns. Furthermore, the interaction forces between the soil alkaline nitrogen content and latitude, soil type, precipitation, and soil pH were clearly strengthened. The findings can provide an important scientific basis for reducing cropland greenhouse gas emissions and increasing soil carbon sequestration across China.As carbon sources for the denitrification process, agricultural wastes have some problems, such as excess release of organic carbon; unclear release characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus, and colorimetric substances; and unclear components, release mechanisms, and potential effects of the released dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the start-up period. To resolve those problems, rice straw, wheat straw, corn stalk, corncob, soybean stalk, and soybean hull were selected as denitrification carbon sources to investigate the release mechanisms and potential influences of the organic matter, secondary pollutants, and DOM. The results showed that the six agricultural wastes could be used as the denitrification carbon source. The carbon content in the wheat straw was the highest and the secondary pollution risk from the corncob was the lowest. For the six carbon sources, the second-order kinetic equation and Ritger-Peppas equation were followed during the 1-120 h carbon release process. The fitting results demonstrated that corncob was more suitable for use as the denitrification carbon source because of its moderate cm value and longer t1/2 value, and the release mechanisms of the six types of carbon sources were mainly controlled by the diffusion process.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bi-3406.html