Notes

New perspectives pertaining to neutron imaging by means of superior event-mode data order.
The number of peripheral blood cells, type of MDS, proportion of primitive cells in bone marrow, and number and quality of karyotypes are all closely related to the conversion of MDS to ALL.
The number of peripheral blood cells, type of MDS, proportion of primitive cells in bone marrow, and number and quality of karyotypes are all closely related to the conversion of MDS to ALL.
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) was previously a contraindication for trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS).

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current available studies investigating outcomes of TIPS for cirrhotic patient with PVT.

Multiple databases were systematically searched to identify studies investigating the outcomes of TIPS for cirrhotic patients with PVT. The quality of studies was assessed by Cochrane Collaboration method and Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. selleck kinase inhibitor The demographic data, outcomes, combined treatment, and anticoagulation strategy were extracted.

Twelve studies were identified with 460 patients enrolled in the analysis. The technical success rate was 98.9% in patients without portal vein cavernous transformation and 92.3% in patients with portal vein cavernous transformation. One-year portal vein recanalization rate was 77.7%, and TIPS patency rate was 84.2%. The cumulative encephalopathy rate was 16.4%. One-year overall survival was 87.4%.

TIPS is indicated for portal hypertension related complications and the restoration of pre-transplantation portal vein patency in cirrhotic patients with PVT. Cavernous transformation is an indicator for technical failure. Post-TIPS anticoagulation seems not mandatory. Simultaneous TIPS and percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy device could achieve accelerated portal vein recanalization and decreased thrombolysis-associated complications, but further investigation is still needed.
TIPS is indicated for portal hypertension related complications and the restoration of pre-transplantation portal vein patency in cirrhotic patients with PVT. Cavernous transformation is an indicator for technical failure. Post-TIPS anticoagulation seems not mandatory. Simultaneous TIPS and percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy device could achieve accelerated portal vein recanalization and decreased thrombolysis-associated complications, but further investigation is still needed.
Ribavirin is a broad-spectrum nucleoside antiviral drug with multimodal mechanisms of action, which supports its longevity and quality as a clinical resource. It has been widely administered for measles and coronavirus infections. Despite the large amount of data concerning the use of ribavirin alone or in combination for measles, severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, the conclusions of these studies have been contradictory. Underlying reasons for these discrepancies include possible study design inaccuracies and failures and misinterpretations of data, and these potential confounds should be addressed.

To determine the confounding factors of ribavirin treatment studies and propose a therapeutic scheme for COVID-19.

PubMed database was searched over a period of five decades utilizing the terms "ribavirin" alone or combined with other compounds in measles, severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome,19 is proposed, documented by thorough, long-term investigation of ribavirin regimens in coronavirus infections.

A comprehensive treatment strictly tailored to distinct disease stages was proposed based upon studies on ribavirin and coronavirus infections.
A comprehensive treatment strictly tailored to distinct disease stages was proposed based upon studies on ribavirin and coronavirus infections.
Patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery usually suffer severe pain in the postoperative period. The erector spinae plane block (ESPB), first published in 2016, can anesthetize the ventral and dorsal rami of thoracic nerves and produce an extensive multi-dermatomal sensory block.

To assess whether bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB at a lower thoracic level could improve pain control and quality of recovery in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.

A total of 60 patients aged 18-80 years scheduled to undergo lumbar spine surgery with general anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups ESPB group (preoperative bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB at T10 vertebral level) and control group (no preoperative ESPB). Both groups received standard general anesthesia. The main indicator was the duration to the first patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) bolus.

In the ESPB group, the duration to the first PCIA bolus was significantly longer than that in the control group (h) [8.0 (4.5, 17.0)
1.0 (ltrasound-guided ESPB at a lower thoracic level improves the analgesic effect, reduces opioid consumption, and improves postoperative recovery.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been suggested as an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first-line therapy for OSA.

To clarify the efficacy of effective CPAP therapy on NAFLD of OSA patients by serum markers and transient elastography (TE) using FibroScan
(Echosens, Paris, France).

We prospectively enrolled 123 consecutive patients with OSA who met the indications for CPAP. Liver fibrosis and steatosis were assessed using TE. Before and after 6 mo of CPAP therapy, serum markers and TE were assessed for all patients. The mean usage rate of CPAP therapy for 6 mo was arbitrarily calculated in each patient and expressed as "mean compliance index" (m-CI).

In 50 OSA patients with NAFLD, both aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly decreased after 6 mo of CPAP therapy. Univariate analysis showed that decreased body weight (BW), decreased body mass index (BMI), decreased AST level, decreased hemoglobin A1c, and high m-CI were significantly related with improved ALT level. In multivariate regression model adjusted for quantities of BW change during 6 mo of CPAP therapy, high m-CI tended to improve ALT level (
= 0.051). All 17 OSA patients with NAFLD, high m-CI and no BMI changes showed significant improvements in AST and ALT levels. Meanwhile, no significant changes in TE data or serum fibrosis markers were seen.

Some NAFLD could be associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia due to OSA independent of BW changes. In those cases, adequate reoxygenation from effective CPAP therapy may improve NAFLD.
Some NAFLD could be associated with chronic intermittent hypoxia due to OSA independent of BW changes. link2 In those cases, adequate reoxygenation from effective CPAP therapy may improve NAFLD.
Arthroscopic debridement is a mature treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Due to the differences in the research subjects, methods, and efficacy evaluation indexes, there are great differences in the surgical efficacy reported in the literature.

To compare the medium-term efficacy of arthroscopic debridement and conservative treatment for KOA of Kellgren-Lawrence grades I-III.

Patients with KOA of Kellgren-Lawrence grades I-III who were admitted to the orthopedic clinic of our hospital from July 2018 to December 2018 and agreed to undergo arthroscopic surgery were included in an arthroscopic debridement group, and those who refused surgical treatment were included in a conservative treatment group. Gender, age, body mass index (BMI), side of KOA, American hospital for special surgery knee score (HSS score) before treatment, visual analogue scale (VAS) score during walking and rest before treatment, conservative treatment content, and surgical procedure were recorded. Outpatient visits were conductedificantly lower in the arthroscopic debridement group than in the conservative treatment group, but there was no significant difference in the VAS score during walking between the two groups after treatment.

Compared with conservative treatment, arthroscopic debridement can significantly improve the knee resting pain and knee functional status of patients with KOA of Kellgren-Lawrence grades I-III within 2 years after treatment.
Compared with conservative treatment, arthroscopic debridement can significantly improve the knee resting pain and knee functional status of patients with KOA of Kellgren-Lawrence grades I-III within 2 years after treatment.
Sarcopenia is an age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, which depends on an assessment of muscle strength and muscle mass. It has been reported that the prevalence of sarcopenia in non-hospitalized elderly people was 9.0%-18.5% in the lowland plains. However, epidemiological investigations of sarcopenia in plateau regions are limited. The city of Xining in Qinghai Province (altitude 2260 m) is the sole point of access to the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. We hypothesized that the diverse ethnicities or dietary habits of the people living in the plateau may influence the prevalence of sarcopenia.

To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in geriatric patients from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau region.

From October to December 2018, 150 hospitalized geriatric patients (72.4 ± 5.60 years) from Xining City (altitude 2260 m) in Qinghai Province were recruited. Collected data included demographics, history of fall, nutritional status, self-care ability, depression, handgrip, muscle mass, and 6-m at in the plain region and in non-hospitalized geriatric people (reported elsewhere). Specific cultural features of the region, including ethnicity, brewed tea and ghee consumption, were not significantly associated with sarcopenia. Higher body mass index and consumption of beef and mutton were protective, while patients who were widowed or with a history of falling were at increased risk.
Thallium poisoning is rare and difficult to recognize. Early diagnosis and treatment of thallium-poisoned patients are essential to prevent morbidity and mortality.

To evaluate the efficacy of treatments and outcomes of five patients with early diagnosis of acute thallium poisoning.

Five patients who consumed a thallium-contaminated meal were hospitalized in succession, and underwent clinical examinations such as blood tests and electromyography tests. Urine and blood tests confirmed the diagnosis of thallotoxicosis, revealing the occurrence of food poisoning. All patients underwent detoxification treatment, including hemoperfusion (HP) and treatment with Prussian blue (PB). A 24-mo follow-up was performed to evaluate the long-term outcomes on the patients after discharge.

Initially, the patients presented with symptoms of acute thallium poisoning including hyperalgesia of the limbs and abdominalgia, which may differ from common peripheral neuropathy. Accompanying symptoms such as hepatic damage and alopecia were observed in all the patients, which further confirmed the diagnosis of poisoning. Treatment with chelating agents was ineffective, while HP and treatment with PB drastically decreased the thallium concentration in the urine and blood. link3 With early diagnosis and intervention, four patients had a good prognosis and no permanent sequelae. One patient developed blindness and disability during the 24-mo follow-up period.

Identification of incident cluster and characteristic symptoms is extremely important for early diagnosis of acute thallium poisoning. HP plus PB is essential to improve the prognosis of thallium-poisoned patients.
Identification of incident cluster and characteristic symptoms is extremely important for early diagnosis of acute thallium poisoning. HP plus PB is essential to improve the prognosis of thallium-poisoned patients.
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