Notes

Restrictions involving Explainability for Proven Prognostic Biomarkers of Cancer of the prostate.
Bendamustine plays an especially important role as a treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, patients administered bendamustine alone or in combination with rituximab (BR) may experience drug-associated skin toxicities that can profoundly impact their health-related QOL through both physical discomfort and psychological distress. Moreover, worsening skin symptoms may lead to dose reduction or termination in the management of cancer chemotherapy. We retrospectively investigated patient backgrounds and pretreatment characteristics from medical records of NHL patients treated with bendamustine alone or BR therapy and identified predictive factors for skin toxicities at the start of chemotherapy. Patients were eligible for the study if they were 20 years older, diagnosed with NHL, and received bendamustine alone or BR therapy at the Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, between April 1, 2011, and March 31, 2018. This study included 95 patients with newly diagnosed or refractory or relapsed NHL. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis with backward selection revealed that baseline non-prior chemotherapy (odds ratio (OR), 15.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 4.24-83.13, p  less then  0.001) was a significant factor influencing the occurrence of skin toxicity. Our results demonstrated that non-prior chemotherapy was a significant risk factor for skin toxicities in patients with NHL receiving bendamustine alone or BR therapy. No patient experience serious side effects of grade 3 or higher and that bendamustine is very useful as a first-line treatment.A 13-year-old, 5.6-kg castrated-male Maltese was presented for reverse sneezing. A dome-shaped round mass abutting diaphragm was incidentally found ventral to caudal vena cava, which had the same echogenicity and density as that of the liver during ultrasonography and computed tomography, showing isoattenuation with a contrast study. Vascular distribution was identified throughout the mass. A caval foramen hernia (CFH) was diagnosed tentatively, followed by a herniorrhaphy and splenectomy of the chronically congested spleen. The patient had been doing well for 5-month postoperative but died because of aspiration pneumonia. CFH is an extremely rare condition, requiring surgery due to compression of the vena cava. It should be considered as a differential diagnosis when intrathoracic, mass-like lesions are identified near the diaphragm.
Limited epidemiological evidence has suggested a positive relationship between night shift work and the risk of cancer. Herein, we investigated the prospective association between different forms of work schedule and the risk of numerous cancers and all-cause cancer among Japanese men and women.

This cohort study included 45,390 working men and women aged 40-79 years and registered in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). The Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident cancer among those who reported engagement in night work and rotating shift work for their longest occupations compared with day work.

Within a median follow-up duration of 14.2 years, 2283 (9.4%) men and 1309 (4.5%) women developed cancer. Among men, rotating shift work was significantly associated with increased risk of esophageal cancer (HR= 2.47, 95% CI, 1.42-4.31) and decreased risk of liver cancer (HR= 0.54, 95% CI, 0.30-0.98). Also, rotating shift work tended to be associated with the increased risk of prostate cancer (HR= 1.42, 95% CI, 0.95-2.12). Night work and rotating shift work were not related to the risk of all-cause cancer in either sex.

Rotating shift work might contribute to the increased risk of esophageal cancer and prostate cancer and the decreased risk of liver cancer among Japanese men.
Rotating shift work might contribute to the increased risk of esophageal cancer and prostate cancer and the decreased risk of liver cancer among Japanese men.
The association between overweight and chronic musculoskeletal pain may vary by anatomical site and be modified by hypertension status. This study examined the associations between overweight and low back and knee pains and their effect modification by hypertension status.

We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study involving 2,845 adults (1,080 men and 1,765 women) aged 40-89 years. Chronic knee pain (CKP) and low back pain (CLBP) lasting more than 3 months were categorized into more or less severe pain. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between overweight and more or less severe CKP and CLBP were determined using logistic regression and stratified by hypertension status. Adjustment variables were age, sex, area, hypertension, smoking and drinking status, inactivity, job category, mental stress, depression, and overall CKP or CLBP.

Overall, 288 (10.1%) and 631 (22.2%) adults had more and less severe CKP, respectively, and 284 (10.0%) and 830 (29.2%) had more and less severe CLBP, respectively. Overweight was associated with overall CKP and more or less severe CKP, regardless of hypertension status. Overweight was not associated with overall CLBP; its association was more pronounced for more severe CLBP. The association between overweight and more severe CLBP was evident among non-hypertensives (multivariable OR=1.72 [95% CI 1.09-2.71]); however, that between overweight and less severe CLBP was not evident (multivariable OR=1.07 [0.73-1.56]).

As hypertension may attenuate the association between overweight and CLBP, we should consider hypertension status for proper management of CLBP among overweight individuals.
As hypertension may attenuate the association between overweight and CLBP, we should consider hypertension status for proper management of CLBP among overweight individuals.BackgroundRotavirus vaccination was introduced into the Australian National Immunisation Program in mid-2007. We aimed to assess the impact of the rotavirus vaccination program on the burden of hospitalisations associated with all-cause acute gastroenteritis (including rotavirus gastroenteritis and non-rotavirus gastroenteritis) in the Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal population in Western Australia.MethodsWe identified all hospital records, between July 2004 and June 2012, with a discharge diagnosis code for all-cause gastroenteritis. Age-specific hospitalisation rates for rotavirus and non-rotavirus acute gastroenteritis before and after the introduction of the rotavirus vaccination program were compared. Interrupted time series models were used to examine differences in the annual trends of all-cause gastroenteritis hospitalisation between the two periods.ResultsBetween July 2004 and June 2012, there were a total of 106,974 all-cause gastroenteritis-coded hospitalisations (1381 rotavirus-coded [15% among Aboriginal] and 105,593 non-rotavirus gastroenteritis-coded [7% among Aboriginal]). Following rotavirus vaccination introduction, significant reductions in rotavirus-coded hospitalisation rates were observed in all children aged less then 5 years (up to 79% among non-Aboriginal and up to 66% among Aboriginal). Among adults aged ≥65 years, rotavirus-coded hospitalisations were 89% (95% CI16-187%) higher in the rotavirus vaccination program period. The time series analysis suggested reductions in all-cause gastroenteritis hospitalisations in the post-vaccination period among both vaccinated and unvaccinated (age-ineligible) children, with increases observed in adults aged ≥45 years.ConclusionsRotavirus vaccination has been associated with a significant decline in gastroenteritis hospitalisations among children. The increase in the elderly requires further evaluation, including assessment of the cost-benefits of rotavirus vaccination in this population.Over the last 60 years, many reports have investigated carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and techniques have thus changed and improved. In this paper, we review the recent literature regarding operational maneuvers for CEA and discuss future problems for CEA. Longitudinal skin incision is common, but the transverse incision has been reported to offer minimal invasiveness and better cosmetic effects for CEA. Most surgeons currently use microscopy for dissection of the artery and plaque. Although no monitoring technique during CEA has been proven superior, multiple monitors offer better sensitivity for predicting postoperative neurological deficit. To date, data are lacking regarding whether routine shunt or selective shunt is better. Individual surgeons thus need to select the method with which they are more comfortable. Many surgical techniques have been reported to obtain distal control of the internal carotid artery in patients with high cervical carotid bifurcation or high plaque, and minimally invasive techniques should be considered. Multiple studies have shown that patch angioplasty reduces the risks of stroke and restenosis compared with primary closure, but few surgeons in Japan have been performing patch angioplasty. Most surgeons thus experience only a small volume of CEAs in Japan, so training programs and development of in vivo training models are important.Although it is important for patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) to live independently and maintain good quality of life (QOL), no study has examined the social independence status in this patient population. This study aimed to examine the state of social independence and its contributing factors in patients with NF2 using data from a national registry in Japan during the past decade. A database provided by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan that contained information about all patients with newly submitted claims for medical expense subsidies for NF2 in Japan between fiscal years 2004 and 2013 was analyzed. Individuals aged 6 to 64 years were deemed eligible for the present study. INCB39110 purchase Categories of "employed," "studying," and "housekeeping" were classified as "socially independent." Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine associations between demographic variables, neurological features, and social independence status. Of 334 participants, 79% were socially independent at the time of registration. link2 Socially dependent participants had more neurological features than those who were socially independent, whereas sex, age, and family history had no significant associations with social independence status. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that participants with bilateral hearing loss, unilateral hearing loss, blindness, hemiplegia, or seizures had significantly higher odd ratios for being socially dependent compared to participants without these features. Our findings, which suggest that these neurological features could restrict social independence, could contribute to the maintenance of better social functioning and QOL in patients with NF2.The present study evaluated the indications for microvascular decompression (MVD) in elderly patients based on the new classification of the elderly population proposed by the joint committee of the Japan Gerontological Society and the Japan Geriatrics Society in 2017.Retrospective analysis of 171 patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS), trigeminal neuralgia (TN), and glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) who underwent MVD in 2018. Patients were divided into three groups based on the proposal old group, 75-89 years; pre-old group, 65-74 years; and not-old group, 64 years or younger. Preoperative comorbidities were divided into five types and the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) was recorded. Outcome of the surgery and neurological complications were evaluated in June 2019.No decrease in activity of daily living occurred in any patient and surgical results showed no difference among the three groups. link3 Rate of preoperative cardiovascular diseases was higher in both the pre-old and old groups compared with the not-old group (p less then 0.
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