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Liquid repellency empowered antipathogen films.
1% and 14.1%, respectively (P < .001). In adolescent CCSs and sibling controls (<18 years old), the prevalence of CF was 10.9% and 3.2%, respectively. Female gender (odds ratio [OR], 2.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.73-2.62), unemployment (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.67-2.85), having 1 or more health problems (OR for 1-2, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.18-1.87; OR for >2, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.50-3.21), and a central nervous system diagnosis (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.17-2.60) were significantly associated with CF in adult CCSs.

This study shows that CCSs, regardless of their cancer diagnosis, report CF more often than sibling controls. This study provides new evidence for the prevalence of fatigue in CCSs.
This study shows that CCSs, regardless of their cancer diagnosis, report CF more often than sibling controls. This study provides new evidence for the prevalence of fatigue in CCSs.High citrus consumption may increase melanoma risk; however, little is known about the biological mechanisms of this association, or whether it is modified by genetic variants. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of gene-citrus consumption interactions on melanoma risk among 1563 melanoma cases and 193 296 controls from the UK Biobank. Both the 2-degrees-of-freedom (df) joint test of genetic main effect and gene-environment (G-E) interaction and the standard 1-df G-E interaction test were performed. Three index SNPs (lowest P-value SNP among highly correlated variants [r2  > .6]) were identified from among the 365 genome-wide significant 2-df test results (rs183783391 on chromosome 3 [MITF], rs869329 on chromosome 9 [MTAP] and rs11446223 on chromosome 16 [DEF8]). Although all three were statistically significant for the 2-df test (4.25e-08, 1.98e-10 and 4.93e-13, respectively), none showed evidence of interaction according to the 1-df test (P = .73, .24 and .12, respectively). Eight nonindex, 2-df test significant SNPs on chromosome 16 were significant (P  less then  .05) according to the 1-df test, providing evidence of citrus-gene interaction. Seven of these SNPs were mapped to AFG3L1P (rs199600347, rs111822773, rs113178244, rs3803683, rs73283867, rs78800020, rs73283871), and one SNP was mapped to GAS8 (rs74583214). We identified several genetic loci that may elucidate the association between citrus consumption and melanoma risk. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Skindex-16 are among the most commonly used dermatology-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments. DLQI has two common scoring methods, the original and the DLQI-R modification. Head-to-head comparisons on measurement properties of DLQI, DLQI-R and Skindex-16 are currently lacking.

We aim to compare measurement properties of DLQI, DLQI-R and Skindex-16.

We analysed data of 618 patients with self-reported physician-diagnosed dermatological conditions from a cross-sectional survey carried out in early 2020 in Hungary. DLQI, DLQI-R and Skindex-16 were compared in terms of ceiling and floor effects, informativity, convergent and known-group validity.

Mean DLQI, DLQI-R and Skindex-16 total scores were 3.76±5.03, 4.11±5.34 and 29.36±26.62, respectively. Among patients with a DLQI/DLQI-R total score of zero, 64% reported problems on Skindex-16. Overall, 23-38% of patients with a 'not relevant' responses on DLQI items 3 (shopping/home/gardening), 7 (hoice of instrument for clinical and research purposes.
Germline variants in fumarate hydratase (FH) are associated with autosomal dominant (AD) hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) and autosomal recessive (AR) fumarase deficiency (FMRD). The prevalence and cancer penetrance across different FH variants remain unclear.

A database containing 120,061 records from individuals undergoing cancer germline testing was obtained. FH variants were classified into 3 categories AD HLRCC variants, AR FMRD variants, and variants of unknown significance (VUSs). Individuals with variants from these categories were compared with those with negative genetic testing.

FH variants were detected in 1.3% of individuals (AD HLRCC, 0.3%; AR FMRD, 0.4%; VUS, 0.6%). The rate of AD HLRCC variants discovered among reportedly asymptomatic individuals without a clear indication for HLRCC testing was 1 in 2668 (0.04%). In comparison with those with negative genetic testing, the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) prevalence was elevated with AD HLRCC variants (17.0% vs 4.5%; P<.01) and VUSs (6.4% vs 4.5%; P=.02) but not with AR FMRD variants.

The prevalence of HLRCC discovered incidentally on germline testing is similar to recent population carrier estimates, and this suggests that this is a relatively common cancer syndrome. CP-690550 Compared with those with negative genetic testing, those with VUSs had an elevated risk of RCC, whereas those with AR FMRD variants did not.
The prevalence of HLRCC discovered incidentally on germline testing is similar to recent population carrier estimates, and this suggests that this is a relatively common cancer syndrome. Compared with those with negative genetic testing, those with VUSs had an elevated risk of RCC, whereas those with AR FMRD variants did not.
In response to the increased use of combination checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and the resulting increased cutaneous adverse events (CAEs), this study reviewed patients with melanoma treated with combination CPIs to characterize CAE features and their clinical impact, correlation to adverse events in other organs, and correlation to tumor response.

Patients from the authors' institutional database who received at least 1 dose of ipilimumab in combination with either nivolumab or pembrolizumab between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2017, for stage IV or unresectable stage III melanoma were identified. The time to next treatment (TTNT) was calculated from the start of CPI therapy to the start of the next treatment or death, and the development of CAEs was tested in a time-dependent Cox regression to identify associations with TTNT.

Eighty-one patients (52.3%) experienced a total of 92 CAEs, including eczematous dermatitis (25.0%), morbilliform eruption (22.8%), vitiligo (12.0%), and pruritus without rash (8.7%). The median times to the onset and resolution of CAEs were 21days (range, 0-341days) and 50days (range, 1-352days), respectively. Most CAEs resolved after patients entered the CPI maintenance phase and treatment with oral antihistamines with or without topical steroids. CPI discontinuation occurred in 4 patients (2.6%) because of CAEs, in 49 (31.6%) because of other immune-related adverse events, and in 20 (12.9%) because of melanoma progression or death. For patients definitively treated with CPIs (n=134; 86.5%), TTNT was significantly longer with CAEs than without CAEs (hazard ratio, 0.567; 95% CI, 0.331-0.972; P=.039).

CAEs were mostly reversible and rarely required therapy discontinuation. The development of CAEs was associated with a longer TTNT, and this suggested a possible clinical benefit.
CAEs were mostly reversible and rarely required therapy discontinuation. The development of CAEs was associated with a longer TTNT, and this suggested a possible clinical benefit.
Changes in surgical technique and postoperative care that target improvements in functional outcomes are widespread in the literature. Radical prostatectomy (RP) is one such procedure that has seen multiple advances over the past decade. The objective of this study was to leverage RP as an index case to determine whether practice changes over time produced observable improvements in patient-reported outcomes.

This study analyzed patients undergoing RP by experienced surgeons at a tertiary care center with prospectively maintained patient-reported outcome data from 2008 to 2019. Four patient-reported urinary function outcomes at 6 and 12 months after RP were defined with a validated instrument good urinary function (domain score ≥ 17), no incontinence (0 pads per day), social continence (≤1 pad per day), and severe incontinence (≥3 pads per day). Multivariable logistic regressions evaluated changes in outcomes based on the surgical date.

Among 3945 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, excellent urinaative incontinence were not reported by patients. To improve urinary function outcomes beyond the current high standard, the approach to studying innovations in surgical technique needs to be changed, and further development of other aspects of prostatectomy care is needed.
Although there have been advances in radical prostatectomy over the past decade, consistent observable improvements in postoperative incontinence were not reported by patients. To improve urinary function outcomes beyond the current high standard, the approach to studying innovations in surgical technique needs to be changed, and further development of other aspects of prostatectomy care is needed.
Opioid-based treatment is used to manage stress responses during surgery and postoperative pain. However, opioids have both acute and long-term side effects, calling for opioid-free anaesthetic strategies. This meta-analysis compares adverse events, postoperative recovery, discharge time from post-anaesthesia care unit, and postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, and opioid consumption between strict opioid-free and opioid-based general anaesthesia.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, Cochrane Library, selected reference lists, and Google Scholar. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2000 and February 2021 with at least one opioid-free study arm, i.e. no opioids administered preoperatively, during anaesthesia induction, before skin closure, or before emergence from anaesthesia.

The study comprised 1934 patients from 26 RCTs. Common interventions included laparoscopic gynaecological surgery, upper gastrointestinal surgnt. There is a need for more evidence-based non-opioid anaesthetic protocols for different types of surgery as well as postoperative phases.
It is unknown how long-term prognosis after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in patients with a prior cancer diagnosis is impacted by cancer-related factors as diagnosis, stage, and treatment. link2 We aimed to assess long-term survival trends after STEMI in this population to evaluate both cardiovascular and cancer-related drivers of prognosis over a follow-up period of 5 years.

In this retrospective single-center cohort study, patients with a prior cancer diagnosis admitted with STEMI between 2004 and 2014 and treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were recruited from the STEMI clinical registry of our institution.

In the 211 included patients, the cumulative incidence of all-cause death after 5years of follow-up was 38.1% (N = 60). The cause of death was predominantly malignancy-related (N = 29, 48.3% of deaths) and nine patients (15.0%) died of a cardiovascular cause. After correcting for age and sex, a recent cancer diagnosis (< 1year relative to > 10years, HR
2.98 [95% CI 1.39-6.41], p = 0.005) and distant metastasis at presentation (HR
4.02 [1.70-9.53], p = 0.002) were significant predictors of long-term mortality. link3 While maximum levels of cardiac troponin-T and creatinine kinase showed significant association with mortality (resp. HR
1.34 [1.08-1.66], p = 0.008; HR
1.36 [1.05-1.76], p = 0.019), other known determinants of prognosis after STEMI, e.g., hypertension and renal insufficiency, were not significantly associated with survival.

Patients with a prior cancer diagnosis admitted with STEMI have a poor survival rate. However, when the STEMI is optimally treated with primary PCI and medication, cardiac mortality is low, and prognosis is mainly determined by factors related to cancer stage.
Patients with a prior cancer diagnosis admitted with STEMI have a poor survival rate. However, when the STEMI is optimally treated with primary PCI and medication, cardiac mortality is low, and prognosis is mainly determined by factors related to cancer stage.
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