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Scientific behavior associated with common adhesives inside non-carious cervical wounds: Any randomized medical trial.
Using first-principles density functional theory calculations, we systematically investigate the structural and electrical properties of pure and hydrogen (H) or fluorine (F) functionalized polar (111) cubic boron nitride (c-BN) surface. In the absence of surface functionalization, only the reconstructed B-terminated surface is energetically preferable. The hydrogenation is favorable for stabilizing N- and B-terminated surfaces, while the fluorination only obtains the stable unreconstructed B-terminated structure due to strong site preference of F atoms. The reconstructed c-BN surface has magnetic characteristic, and the spin density distributions are mainly localized around the interlayer weak B-B bonds. The unreconstructed structures are nonmagnetic. Meantime, the adsorption of NO and NH3 molecules are investigated on the reconstructed c-BN surface. It is found that only the adsorption of NO has a considerable effect on the energy levels near the Fermi level, while the energy levels of NH3 are at a deep energy level. Our theoretical results are helpful for understanding experimental phenomenon in practical applications and designing novel c-BN based molecule sensors. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.There are varied spin states in diluted magnetic semiconductor, carrier is not the only elementary excitation carrying the spin freedom. This article reports the study of spin interactions in excitons of ZnSeNiI(II) nanostructures. High quality ZnSeNiI(II) nanobelts(NBs) prepared by chemical vapor deposition(CVD) technique show sphalerite structure by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra, the latter show clear structural instability. The temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra of highly doped NB shows independent Free exciton(FX) and exciton magnetic polarons (EMP) peaks at room temperature, with the ferromagentic(FM) coupled Ni ions. A single mode lasing profile was obtained by the femtosecond laser excitation due to the EMP condensation over a threshold. The luminescence lifetimes at different pump powers indicated the emission of coherent EMP aggregates. A weak side-peak at high energy side of FX could show up separately at low temperature, that should be the magnetic polaron emission band out of the antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupled Ni(II) pair binding with FX (AMP). Both bands out of AFM and FM could be identified in their d-d transition of Ni ions, combination with clearly relaxed structures. These results illustrate the typical spectroscopic characteristics of spin-spin magnetic coupling, exciton-spin or phonon interactions in DMS nanostructures, reflecting their different coupled spin type could work as exciton binder for their collective excitons , possibly used for spin nanophotonic devices and quantum modulations. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Radio-resistance induced under low oxygen pressure plays an important role in malignant progression in fractionated radiotherapy. For the general approach to predict cell killing under hypoxia, cell-killing models (e.g., the Linear-Quadratic model) have to be fitted toin vitroexperimental survival data for both normoxia and hypoxia to obtain the oxygen enhancement ratio (OER). YD23 chemical structure In such a case, model parameters for every oxygen condition needs to be considered by model-fitting approaches. This is inefficient for fractionated irradiation planning. Here, we present an efficient model for fractionated radiotherapy the integrated microdosimetric-kinetic model including cell-cycle distribution and the OER at DNA double-strand break endpoint (OERDSB). The cell survival curves described by this model can reproduce the in vitro experimental survival data for both acute and chronic low oxygen concentrations. The OERDSBused for calculating cell survival agrees well with experimental DSB ratio of normoxia to hypoxia. The important parameters of the model are oxygen pressure and cell-cycle distribution, which enables us to predict cell survival probabilities under chronic hypoxia and chronic anoxia. This work provides biological effective dose (BED) under various oxygen conditions including its uncertainty, which can contribute to creating fractionated regimens for multi-fractionated radiotherapy. If the oxygen concentration in a tumor can be quantified by medical imaging, the present model will make it possible to estimate the cell-killing and BED under hypoxia in more realistic intravital situations. © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.OBJECTIVE Neurofeedback (NF) trains people to volitionally modulate their cortical activity to affect a behavioral outcome. We evaluated the feasibility of using NF to improve hand function after chronic cervical-level spinal cord injury (SCI) using biologically-relevant visual feedback of motor-related brain activity and an intuitive control scheme. APPROACH The NF system acquired magnetoencephalography (MEG) data in real-time to provide feedback of event-related desynchronization (ERD) measured over the sensorimotor cortex during attempted hand grasping. During brain control, stronger ERD resulting from attempted grasping drove the virtual hand towards a more closed grasp, while less ERD drove the hand more open. MAIN RESULTS Eight individuals with partial or complete hand impairment due to chronic SCI controlled the NF to perform a grasping task that increased in difficulty as the participants achieved success. During their first NF session, participants achieved an average success rate of 63.7±6.4% (chance level of 13.9%). After as few as one intervention session, four of the seven individuals evaluated for ERD changes had significantly strengthened ERD and three of the four participants with measurable grip strength prior to NF had increased grip strength. Interestingly, both individuals who participated in a longer-term study (i.e. >8 NF sessions) had improved grip strength and significantly strengthened ERD. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that MEG-based NF training can change brain activity in individuals with hand impairment due to SCI and has the potential to induce acute changes in grip strength. Future studies will evaluate whether neuroplasticity induced with long term NF can improve hand function for those with moderate impairment. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.
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