Notes

Stigmatisation, perceived limitations to worry, support looking for as well as the psychological well being regarding English Military services workers.
Minimally invasive, laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) has assumed an ever-expanding role in gastric cancer treatment. Accumulating data so far seem to suggest that LG is at least a viable alternative of conventional open gastrectomy (OG) in different contexts. However, even though reviews and meta-analyses have compared the advantages and limitations of each option, it is still controversial whether LG is a better alternative to OG, especially in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). The major goal of this study is to evaluate the readouts of LG, in comparison with OG. A literature search was performed for studies published from 2009 to 2013. Medical records of 20868 gastric cancer patients from 32 independent studies were reviewed and analyzed. All 32 studies concluded that LG is at least comparable with OG. LG is superior to OG in offering less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, and lower risk of complications, although LG is probably inferior in operative time, and not different from OG in mortality. Considering the merits and the potential future technical improvement, it is reasonable to speculate that LG may eventually replace OG in most clinical contexts.Recently, much more attention has been paid on application of elderly donor due to the shortage of organs. Although liver quality of elderly donors may be sub-optimal comparing with that from younger donors, primary non-function of a liver graft is a rare event. On the other hand, long-term graft and recipient survival for usage of elderly grafts has become a major concern and focus of research. Many transplant centers have changed the upper limit of donor age from previous 50 to 70 or even 75-year-old and achieved good graft function. Although some scholars believed that liver transplant using elderly grafts was associated with high probability of delayed liver function recovery, graft loss and hepatitis C recurrence, reports from several transplant centers document that long-term survival of grafts and recipients may be significantly improved through certain screening of donors and recipients before transplant. In conclusion, it is very important and relatively safe to use grafts from elderly donors to expand the donor pool. However, elderly donors and corresponding recipients must be carefully selected before transplant. The long-term effect of advanced age on grafts and recipients need to be evaluated through a comprehensive and long-term in-depth observation.Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women in the world. The specific etiopathogenesis of cervical cancer is indeed complex. Even so, we should make arduous efforts to have a precise understanding of the complicate cellular/molecular mechanisms underlying initiation, progression and/or prevention of the cervical cancer. The high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is considered as the major causative agent of cervical cancer. But with the existence of hrHPV only is not sufficient, autophagy plays a vital character in the development of cervical cancer. Autophagy is the endogenous, tightly regulated cellular "housekeeping" process responsible for the degradation of damaged and dysfunctional cellular organelles and protein aggregates. Our aims in this review were (1) to provide a brief synopsis of process of autophagy (including an overview of the key molecular mediators of this catabolic process and its relationship with hrHPV infection) and (2) most importantly, summarize the current evidence for autophagy-mediated cervical carcinogenesis. One of the latest opinions about the etiopathogenesis is that hrHPV leads to the occurrence of cervical cancer via inhibiting the host's autophagy. The infection of hrHPV will cause the autophagy of cancerous cells, resulting in autophagic cell death, which will suppress the further infection of HPV in return. But the autophagy would be knocked down by the hrHPV, which means the protecting action would end with failure. What's worse, the negative denouement will enhance the infectivity of HPV ultimately, which leads to accelerate cervical carcinogenesis.Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is one of the most common causes of liver diseases worldwide, affecting 3% of the world population and 3 to 4 million people acquire new infection annually. Despite the recent introduction of novel antiviral drugs for the treatment of CHC, these drugs are expensive and the access to them is not an option for many patients. Hence, the traditional therapy by pegylated interferon-α (Peg-IFN-α) and ribavirin may still have a role in the clinical management of CHC especially in developing countries. see more However, this standard therapy is associated with several severe extra-hepatic side effects and the most common adverse events are hematological abnormalities and thyroid disorders and they could result in dose reduction and/or termination of therapy. Vitamin D has been shown to be a key regulatory element of the immune system, and its serum concentrations correlate with the severity of liver damage and the development of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. Furthermore, supplementation with vitamin D with Peg-IFN-α based therapy for the treatment of CHC could be beneficial in increase the response rate to Peg-INF-α based therapy. Vitamin D has also been shown to regulate the thyroid functions and the process of erythropoiesis. This review appraises the data to date researching the role of vitamin D during the treatment of CHC and the potential role of vitamin D in preventing/treating Peg-IFN-α induced thyroiditis and anemia during the course of treatment.Mucin4 (MUC4) is a secreted glycoprotein. Numerous studies had indicated that MUC4 was an attractive prognostic tumor biomarker. However, the results of different studies have been inconsistent. So we conducted this meta-analysis to explore the association between MUC4 expression and cancer prognosis. A systematically comprehensive search was performed through PubMed, EMBASE and CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure). Prognostic value of MUC4 expression in malignancy patients was evaluated by pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Meanwhile, pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI was appropriate for the association between MUC4 expression and clinicopathological parameters. Eighteen studies including 1,933 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. Significant association was found between elevated MUC4 expression and poorer overall survival (OS) with pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 1.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58-2.23, P less then 0.001]. Significant associations were also detected in biliary tract carcinoma (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.69-3.42, P less then 0.001), pancreatic cancer (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.42-2.86, P less then 0.001) and colorectal cancer (HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.17-2.54, P=0.006). Moreover, combined odds ratio (OR) of MUC4 indicated that MUC4 overexpression was associated with tumor stage, tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis. Our results demonstrated that MUC4 may be exploited as a novel prognostic biomarker for cancer patients.Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a quite common complication during the postoperative period after cardiac surgery. Increasing studies have reported that landiolol may be effective in prevention of AF after cardiac surgery. Its efficacy and safety are seldom explored; hence we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of landiolol in prevention of AF after cardiac surgery. Databases of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception through to December 2014 for RCTs that explored the efficacy and safety of landiolol on the prevention of AF after cardiac surgery. Pooled results were expressed as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Nine eligible RCTs involving 807 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, landiolol was associated with a significant reduction of AF after cardiac surgery (RR=0.41; 95% CI 0.32-0.52; P less then 0.001), and the administration of landiolol seems more effective in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (RR=0.36; 95% CI 0.25-0.52; P less then 0.001). Compared with placebo, no difference was detected in the incidence of major complications (RR=0.77; 95% CI 0.34-1.72; P=0.52). Landiolol is effective in prevention of AF after cardiac surgery and without increasing the risk of major complications.Aplastic anemia therapy remains difficult, due to lack of effective treatment regimens. In recent years, Huangqi injection for the adjunctive therapy of aplastic anemia has been reported in many clinical trials. Considering that Huangqi injection may be a novel approach to aplastic anemia treatment, we conducted a meta-analysis of clinical controlled trials to assess the clinical value of Huangqi injection in the treatment of aplastic anemia. We searched the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Full-text Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, PubMed and EMBASE database to collect the data about the trials of Huangqi injection combined with androgens for treating aplastic anemia. A total of ten studies involving 720 patients with aplastic anemia were included in this study. The meta-analysis showed significant increases in the pool effectiveness rate, white blood cells (WBC), haematoglobin (Hb), platelets (PLT), and reticulocytes (Ret) between the experimental group versus the control group. No severe side effects were found in this study. However, the lower Jadad scores and asymmetric funnel plot degrades the validity of the meta-analysis as the clinical evidence. Therefore, Huangqi injection may significantly enhance the efficacy of androgens for aplastic anemia, suggesting that the novel approach of Chinese traditional medicine combined with Western medicine is promising. The exact outcome required confirmation with rigorously well-designed multi-center trials.
Excision repair cross complementation group 1 (ERCC1) has been shown to be involved in the progression of glioma susceptibility. However, the results remain conflict. The aim of this study was to systematically review and evaluate the role of ERCC1 C118T and C8092A polymorphisms in glioma risk among Chinese population.

Related case-control studies were searched in online electronic databases. Odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to calculate the extracted data.

Total seven articles were retrieved, including 4426 subjects (1926 were glioma patients and 2500 were matched controls). No significant heterogeneity was found between studies (I(2)=0%, P>0.01). Our results demonstrated that A allele and AA genotype of ERCC1 C8092A polymorphism have a positive association with increasing the risk of glioma in the fixed-effect model (A vs. C OR=1.13, 95% CI=1.02-1.25, P=0.02; AA vs. CC OR=1.29, 95% CI=1.04-1.61, P=0.02; AA vs. CA+CC OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.01-1.55, P=0.04). However, no significant relationship was found between C118T variant and glioma susceptibility.

Our results indicated that ERCC1 C8092A, not C118T polymorphism might be a biomarker for patients with glioma among Chinese population. Future studies with more ethnicities are needed to explore the precise association.
Our results indicated that ERCC1 C8092A, not C118T polymorphism might be a biomarker for patients with glioma among Chinese population. Future studies with more ethnicities are needed to explore the precise association.
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