Notes

Extracardiac heart rob caused simply by second arm or leg hyperemia: a characteristic involving interior mammary artery arteriogenesis.
With all the Exploratory Step by step Put together Approaches Style to look into Dentistry Patients' Views and requirements With regards to Mouth Cancers Info, Examination, Reduction and Actions.
Widespread Boundaries to Reporting Medical Problems.
nt of maxillary retrusive children. As one of the major mechanical loading sutures during orthopedic therapy, ZMS showed a strong positive correlation with point A on sagittal changes.
RPE/C might be more effective on the treatment of maxillary retrusive children. As one of the major mechanical loading sutures during orthopedic therapy, ZMS showed a strong positive correlation with point A on sagittal changes.
To investigate the efficacy of vertical control by using conventional mini-implant anchorage in maxillary posterior buccal area for Angle class Ⅱ extraction patients.

Twenty-eight Angle class Ⅱ patients [9 males, 19 females, and age (22.6±2.8) years] were selected in this study. All of these patients were treated by using straight wire appliance with 4 premolars extraction and 2 mini-implant anchorage in maxillary posterior buccal area. In this study, the self-control method was used to measure and analyze the lateral radiographs taken before and after orthodontic treatment in each case, the main cephalometric analysis items were related to vertical changes. The digitized lateral radiographs were imported into Dolphin Imaging Software (version 11.5 Dolphin Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, California, USA), and marked points were traced. Each marked point was confirmed by two orthodontists. The same orthodontist performed measurement on the lateral radiographs over a period of time. All measure effect on the improvement of the profile.

The conventional micro-implant anchorage in maxillary posterior buccal area has a certain vertical control ability, and can give rise to a certain counterclockwise rotation of the mandible, which would improve the profile of Angle Class Ⅱ patients.
The conventional micro-implant anchorage in maxillary posterior buccal area has a certain vertical control ability, and can give rise to a certain counterclockwise rotation of the mandible, which would improve the profile of Angle Class Ⅱ patients.
To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of micro and mini parotid gland tumors and to provide reference for their clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Patients with parotid gland tumors treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from December 2012 to April 2020 were selected. Relevant clinical data of the patients with tumor diameter ≤20 mm detected by preoperative CT were collected to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of micro and mini parotid gland tumors. And the collected data were divided into two groups with diameter 11-20 mm and diameter ≤10 mm according to tumor diameter measured by preoperative CT. The clinicopathological differences between the two groups were statistically analyzed.

A total of 2 067 patients with primary epithelial parotid gland tumors were collected, and 685 patients with tumor diameter ≤20 mm were examined by CT, accounting for 33.1%. The ratio of male to female paof benign to malignant tumors was 11.3 ∶1. There was no significant difference between the two groups (
>0.05). Fifty patients with malignant tumor were followed up for the median follow-up period of 39.5 months (1-91 months). Local recurrence occurred in 2 patients with one death. The overall 2-year survival rate was 93.7% and the 5-year survival rate was 89.3%.

The majority of micro and mini parotid gland tumors was benign lesion. There was a good prognosis for micro and mini parotid gland carcinoma. Early surgical treatment was recommended for micro and mini parotid gland tumors.
The majority of micro and mini parotid gland tumors was benign lesion. There was a good prognosis for micro and mini parotid gland carcinoma. Early surgical treatment was recommended for micro and mini parotid gland tumors.
To explore the construction process of the digital reference crown models, and to initially establish the digital reference crown models of the primary teeth to lay the foundation for the establishment of the standardized crown models and the future related applications of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology to pediatric dentistry.

This study randomly selected children who were caries free, aged from 4 to 5 years in several kindergartens of Haidian District of Beijing.Plaster dental models were made for the children after taking complete impressions.The digital dental models were reconstructed by using the three-dimensional (3D) dental model scanner.And then, Geomagic Studio, a 3D reverse engineering software, was employed to extract the single dental crown data, the mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters and the height of the crowns were measured.The object was reduced or enlarged by a numerical factor, and then the size of each dental crown was standardized.A total of 3n models and application for clinical practice, scientific research and teaching.Furthermore, this study also contributes to the extensive application of CAD/CAM technology in pediatric dentistry and the development of CAD/CAM dental systems with independent intellectual property rights.
In this study, the digital reference crown models of the primary teeth were established by reverse engineering technology, providing reference value for the standardized crown models and application for clinical practice, scientific research and teaching.Furthermore, this study also contributes to the extensive application of CAD/CAM technology in pediatric dentistry and the development of CAD/CAM dental systems with independent intellectual property rights.
To preliminarily investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)
host gene (
) in regulating the adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).

For adipogenic differentiation, BMSCs were induced in adipogenic media for 10 days. The mRNA expression levels of lncRNA
and adipogenic marker genes including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (
), CCAAT/enhanced binding protein α (
) and adiponectin (
) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) at different time points (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 days). The
stable knockdown-BMSC cell line was generated by infection of
shRNA-containing lentiviruses. To avoid off-target effect, two target sequences (sh
, sh
) were designed. And then cells were induced to differentiate in adipogenic medium. Oil red O staining, Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the effect of
knockdown on adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs.

The mRNA expression level of
was significantly increasulating the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and
knockdown significantly inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These data may suggest that lncRNA
could serve as a therapeutic potential target for the aberrant adipogenic differentiation-associated disorders including osteoporosis.
lncRNA MIR4697HG played a crucial role in regulating the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and MIR4697HG knockdown significantly inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These data may suggest that lncRNA MIR4697HG could serve as a therapeutic potential target for the aberrant adipogenic differentiation-associated disorders including osteoporosis.
To explore the feasibility and key technology of microscopic resection of lumbar intraspinal tumor through microchannel keyhole approach.

The clinical features, imaging characteristics and surgical methods of 54 cases of lumbar intraspinal tumor which were microscopically operated by microchannel from February 2017 to September 2019 were reviewed and analyzed. There were 8 cases of extradural tumor, 3 cases of extra-and intradural tumor and 43 cases of subdural extramedullary tumor (including 3 cases of ventral spinal tumor). The tumors were 0.5-3.0 cm in diameter. The clinical symptoms included 49 cases of pain in the corresponding innervation area, 5 cases of sensory disturbance (numbness) at or below the tumor segment, 7 cases of limb weakness and 2 cases of urination and defecation dysfunction.

In the study, 37 tumors were resected through hemilaminectomy, 14 tumors were resected through interlaminar fenestration, 3 tumors were resected through hemilaminectomy or interlaminar fenestration combined wal instability or deformity was found, and no recurrence or residual tumors were found. According to McCormick classification, they were of all grade Ⅰ.

The lumbar intraspinal extramedullary tumors within two segments (including the ventral spinal tumors) can be totally resected at stage Ⅰ through microchannel keyhole approach with appropriate selection of the cases. Microchannel technique is beneficial to preserve the normal structure and muscle attachment of lumbar spine, and to maintain the integrity and stability of lumbar spine.
The lumbar intraspinal extramedullary tumors within two segments (including the ventral spinal tumors) can be totally resected at stage Ⅰ through microchannel keyhole approach with appropriate selection of the cases. Microchannel technique is beneficial to preserve the normal structure and muscle attachment of lumbar spine, and to maintain the integrity and stability of lumbar spine.
To compare the clinical effect of microsurgery and endovascular embolization in the treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) by meta-analysis.

A systematic review was performed to retrieve all relevant literature about surgical treatment or endovascular embolization of SDAVF up to December 2019 through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Results, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and SinoMed. The Chinese and English key words included "SDAVF", "spinal dural arteriovenous fistula", "spinal AVM", "spinal vascular malformation and treatment". The included studies were evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The early failure rate, long-term recurrence, neurological recovery, and complications were evaluated and the clinical effects of the two methods in the treatment of SDAVF were compared by using RevMan 5.3 software. And a further subgroup analysis of the therapeutic effect of endovascular embolization with different embolic agents was conducted.

A total ofe was statistically significant (
=4.70, 95%
1.55-14.28,
< 0.05).

Although the treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas by intravascular embolization has been widely used, the clinical effect of microsurgery is still better than that of endovascular embolization. Large scale and high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to validate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment in SDAVF patients.
Although the treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas by intravascular embolization has been widely used, the clinical effect of microsurgery is still better than that of endovascular embolization. Large scale and high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to validate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment in SDAVF patients.
To evaluate the relationship between recovery of urinary continence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) and preoperative/postoperative membranous urethral length (MUL) on magnetic resonance imaging.

We retrospectively analyzed 69 patients with pathologic confirmed prostate carcinoma who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Preoperative MUL was defined as the distance from the apex of prostate to the level of the urethra at penile bulb on the coronal image. Postoperative MUL was defined as the distance from the bladder neck to the level of the urethra at the penile bulb on the coronal image. MUL-retained rate was defined as the percentage of postoperative MUL to preoperative MUL. All patients received extraperitoneal LRP. Patients reported freedom from using safety pad (0 pad/d) were defined as urinary continence. Multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of early continence recovery after LRP. Kaplan-Meier analyses and log-rank test were use rate (< 94%
≥94%,
< 0.001) were all significantly associated with continence recovery.

Post-operative MUL was independently predictors of early continence recovery after LRP. Preoperative MUL, postoperative MUL and MUL retained rate were significantly associated with recovery of urinary continence.
Post-operative MUL was independently predictors of early continence recovery after LRP. Preoperative MUL, postoperative MUL and MUL retained rate were significantly associated with recovery of urinary continence.
Androgen deficiency is common in aging males and may have unfavourable health consequences. Large-scale studies suggested low testosterone level might increse mortality and morbidity in ageing males. However, young men with low testosterone level might be neglected. Recent studies reported young men with infertility may have reduced testosterone level. To investigate the incidence of androgen deficiency in males with infertility and possible factors affecting the low testosterone level.

Between January 2011 and December 2012, 407 men with infertility caused by varicocele (VC), obstructive azoospermia (OA) and nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) in our center were included. The number of men in each group of OA, NOA and VC was 141, 97 and 169, respectively. All the eligible patients underwent a serum testosterone assessment by a single morning blood draw (between 800 to noon) to test for concentration of the total testosterone. All serum samples were determined by radioimmunoassay in our andrology laboratory.er possibility of low testosterone level. Testosterone level should be followed up after NOA and varicocele treatment. Androgen deficiency should be assessed in males with infertility in clinical practice.
NOA and varicocele might be risk factors of androgen deficiency. Young men with NOA may have a higher possibility of low testosterone level. Testosterone level should be followed up after NOA and varicocele treatment. Androgen deficiency should be assessed in males with infertility in clinical practice.
To explore the effectiveness and feasibility of dexamethasone combined with oxybuprocaine hydrochloride gel on the prevention of postoperative sore throat after nasal endoscopy.

In the study, 60 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical statuses Ⅰ to Ⅱ, aged 18 to 72 years, scheduled for elective nasal endoscope surgery under general anesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation were randomly divided into dexamethasone combined with oxybuprocaine hydrochloride gel group (G group,
=30) and control group (C group,
=30). The patients in the G group received dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg before induction and the oxybuprocaine gel was applied to the endotracheal catheter cuff and the front end within 15 cm. The patients in the C group received the same dose of saline and the saline was applied to the endotracheal catheter cuff and the front end within 15 cm. Then, all the patients in the two groups received the same induction and anesthesia maintainance. The operation time, anesthesia timeagitation [6.7%(2/30)
. 23.3%(7/30)] were significantly lower in the C group. The postoperative sore throat score at the end of operation, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h after operation in the G group were significantly lower than in the C group respectively [0 (0, 1)
. 1 (1, 2), 0 (0, 0)
1 (1, 2), 0 (0, 0)
. 1 (1, 2), 0 (0, 0)
. 1 (0.75, 1), 0 (0, 0)
. 1 (0, 1)].

Dexamethasone combined with oxybuprocaine hydrochloride gel was effective and feasible on the prevention of postoperative sore throat after nasal endoscopy.
Dexamethasone combined with oxybuprocaine hydrochloride gel was effective and feasible on the prevention of postoperative sore throat after nasal endoscopy.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 585 nm Q-switched laser in the treatment of acne inflammatory lesions and postinflammatory erythema.

A total of 25 patients with moderate facial acne, symmetrical distribution of inflammatory lesions and postinflammatory erythema on both sides of the face, were enrolled. Among the 25 patients, 22 patients completed all the treatment and evaluation, and 3 patients were lost to follow-up. 585 nm Q-switched laser was used on a randomly selected side of the face for three times of treatment at a 2 week interval. The evaluations were made before each treatment, 2 and 4 weeks after the last treatment, therefore the evaluation time points were before the treatment, weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8, respectively, for a total of 5 times. Acne severity was assessed using the investigator' s global assessment (IGA) score, and erythema severity was assessed using the investigator' s subjective erythema score and narrow-spectrum reflectance spectrophotometer at each follow-up.

After 3 timeoints. The treatment related adverse events included erythema and edema after treatment and pain during treatment, the severity was mild to moderate, which resolved spontaneously within 1 to 3 days. Nine patients were very satisfied with the treatment, 7 patients were satisfied, and 6 patients considered average.

585 nm Q-switched laser has some effect in the treatment of postinflammatory erythema, and it ensures good tolerance and safety. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment side and the control side on the improvement of acne inflammatory lesions.
585 nm Q-switched laser has some effect in the treatment of postinflammatory erythema, and it ensures good tolerance and safety. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatment side and the control side on the improvement of acne inflammatory lesions.
To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Pollard' s classification criteria(2010) for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients withfibromyalgia (FM) in Chinese patients, and to assess the clinical features and psychological status of RA-FM patients in a real-world observational setting.

Two hundred and two patients with rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled from the outpatients in Rheumatology and Immunology Department in Peking University People' s Hospital. All the patients were evaluated whether incorporating fibromyalgia translation occured using the 1990 American College of Rheumatolgy (ACR)-FM classification criteria. Forty two RA patients were concomitant with FM, while the other one hundred and sixty RA patients without FM were set as the control group.

There was no significant difference in general demography between the two groups (
>0.05). In this study, the Pollard' s classification criteria (2010) for RA-FM in Chinese patients had a high sensitivity of 95.2% and relativelyemission, the possibility of fibromyalgia should be con-sidered.
To evaluate the effects of hepatitis B virus (HBV) on helper T lymphocytes 17 (Th17), regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) and Th17/Treg ratio in chronic hepatitis B patients in different alanine aminetransferase (ALT) stages.

In the study, 336 chronic hepatitis B patients in the first hospital of Lanzhou University were analyzed. The hepatitis B antigen antibody parameters were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer, the liver function parameters were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer, the HBV loads were measured by quantitative PCR, Th17, Treg and Th17/Treg ratios were detected by flow cytometry. Among them, 111 cases (ALT < 40 U/L) of ALT were normal hepatitis B, 108 cases of chronic hepatitis B with ALT above normal upper limit and < 2 times higher (40 U/L≤ALT < 80 U/L), and 117 cases of chronic hepatitis B with ALT above 2 times normal upper limit (80 U/L≤ALT). According to the viral load, they were divided into low replication group with HBV DNA < 4.0 lg copies/mL, medium replication group and 0.73±0.36 in high replication group) were significantly increased (
< 0.05). Phenol Red sodium After entecavir treatment 24 weeks, the patient' s HBV-DNA decreased significantly, Th17 (3.89%±1.02%
. 2.06%±0.46%), Treg (6.02%±2.03%
. 5.06%±1.25%), Th17/Treg ratio (0.65±0.28
. 0.41±0.14) decreased significantly (
< 0.05).

Investigation on the effects of HBV on Th17 and Treg cells and their ratios in different ALT states can clarify the effects of HBV on the body from the immunological perspective and can further understand the ALT grouping for antiviral treatment theoretical significance, which is helpful for clinical treatment.
Investigation on the effects of HBV on Th17 and Treg cells and their ratios in different ALT states can clarify the effects of HBV on the body from the immunological perspective and can further understand the ALT grouping for antiviral treatment theoretical significance, which is helpful for clinical treatment.
To investigate the consistency of cytomegalovirus deoxyribo nucleic acid (CMV-DNA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody detections in patients with different clinical characteristics and their guiding value for clinical practice.

From December 2014 to November 2019, a total of 507 patients who were detected with both CMV-IgM and CMV-DNA were collected in Peking University International Hospital. Their general information, such as gender, age and clinical data, including the patient's diagnosis, medication, and outcome were also collected. The groups were stratified according to whether CMV-DNA was negative or positive, CMV-IgM was negative or positive, age, gender, and whether they received immunosuppressive therapy or not. The Pearson Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of the rates between the groups.
< 0.05 means the difference is statisti-cally significant.

Of the 507 patients submitted for examination, 55 (10.85%) were positive for CMV-DNA, 74 (14.60%) were positive ine CMV infection in patients with immunosuppressive status and those older than 60 years. CMV-DNA and CMV-IgM combined detection may help to predict patients' immune status and outcomes of antiviral therapy.
CMV-IgM antibody detection is affected by age, gender, and immune status. It is not recommended to use CMV-IgM alone to determine CMV infection in patients with immunosuppressive status and those older than 60 years. CMV-DNA and CMV-IgM combined detection may help to predict patients' immune status and outcomes of antiviral therapy.
To explore the relationship between urbanization and residents ' health behaviors in China, and to clarify the impact of urbanization on health behaviors.

Based on China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we established a panel data fixed effect model tracked in 2011, 2013 and 2015 to analyze the effect of urbanization level on smoking cessation, drinking, sleep quality and physical exercise behavior. The ratio of population density, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and output value of secondary and tertiary industries to GDP were used to represent the levels of urbanization.

From 2011 to 2015, China ' s urbanization levels showed an increasing trend, which showed that the ratio of population density, GDP per capita and output value of secondary and tertiary industries in GDP increased year by year. Smoking cessation increased with the increase of GDP per capita and the proportion of the output value of secondary and tertiary industries. Compared with the low-level, the drinking rion. Sleep quality is more closely related to per capita GDP, and the probability of good sleep quality decreases with the increase of urbanization level. However, there is no obvious trend between drinking rate and urbanization level, which needs further study.
To explore the influence of positive/negative effectivity on the mortality risk of the Chinese elderly.

Using the latest four surveys data of Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey in 2008, 2012, and 2014, as well as 2018 and selecting 10 993 elderly people who were aged 65 and above as research objects, this paper compared the positive/negative effectivity status and differences of the elderly in different gender and age groups. And then this paper analyzed the effect of positive/negative effectivity on elderly people' s mortality risk by constructing Cox proportional hazards model.

Compared with the female elderly, the male elderly had lower negative effectivity and higher positive effectivity. With the increase of age, the negative effectivity of the elderly increased, while the positive effectivity decreased. The results showed that after adjusting for the basic demographic characteristics, health status and living habits of the respondents in the baseline survey, in the positive effectivity ttention to the encouragement of positive effectivity in all dimensions, which requires the joint efforts of families, communities and governments.
The negative effectivity of the elderly in all dimensions may increase the mortality risk of elderly people. We ought to dredge the negative emotions of the elderly in time. In the health promotion of the elderly, we should also pay attention to the encouragement of positive effectivity in all dimensions, which requires the joint efforts of families, communities and governments.
To explore the incidence of ischemic stroke after the onset of type 2 diabetes, and further analyze the risk factors, so as to provide a basis for further research.

The data were obtained from the database of the Beijing Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance Database. The study used a prospective design to describe the incidence of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. In our study, these patients were followed up for seven years. Multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes.

A total of 185 813 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled, with an average age of (58.5±13.2) years, and 49.0% of them were males. A total of 10 393 patients with newly diagnosed ischemic stroke occurred in 7 years, with a cumulative incidence of 5.6% and an incidence density of 8.1/1 000 person-years. Ischemic stroke occurred in all age groups in patients with type 2 diabetes. The cumulative incidence was 1.5% (95%
1factors in elderly patients, screen the complications of type 2 diabetes as early as possible, and take active preventive and control measures.
The incidence level of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes is high. It is necessary to strengthen the management of risk factors in elderly patients, screen the complications of type 2 diabetes as early as possible, and take active preventive and control measures.
To investigate the effects and mechanisms of equol and its enantiomers on urethane-induced lung cancer in mice.

A total of 120 5-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 8 groups lung cancer tumor control group (CG), genistein control group (GCG), low dose racemic equol group (LEG), high dose racemic equol group (HEG), low dose R-equol group (LRE), high dose R-equol group (HRE), low dose S-equol group (LSE) and high dose S-equol group (HSE). Urethane was injected subcutaneously twice a week for 4 weeks to induce lung cancer and then the mice were fed for 4 months. The body weight and food intake of each group were measured and recorded weekly. After the mice were sacrificed, the blood, livers and lungs of the mice were collected. The incidence of lung cancer in each group was recorded. The concentration of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxydeoxygunosine (8-OHdG) were detected by the corresponding kits. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of nue control group, the high-dose experimental group had higher serum SOD concentration, lower MDA and 8-OHdG concentrations, and the differences were statistically significant. Western blotting analysis showed that the expression levels of Nrf2 protein in the experimental groups were higher than those in the control group except the low-dose racemic equol group, and the Nrf2 protein expression level in the high-dose equol groups was higher than that in the low-dose equol groups.

Racemic equol and its enantiomers mayinhibit lung carcinogenesis through antioxidant effects.
Racemic equol and its enantiomers mayinhibit lung carcinogenesis through antioxidant effects.
To investigate the effect of 275 nm and 310 nm ultraviolet irradiation on ovariectomized rats' bone metabolism.

Twenty four 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat were randomly divided into control group, sham operated group, 275 nm ultraviolet (UV) irradiation group and 310 nm UV irradiation group. Each group contained 6 rats. The rats in the two irradiation groups were treated with bilateral ovariectomy. link2 link= Phenol Red sodium The rats in sham operated group received sham operation (They were given the same back incision and a bit of par-ovarian fat were removed). Control group received no disposition. About 24 weeks after operation, all the rats received detailed bone mineral density (BMD) detection again. Detection regions include cervical vertebra, lumbar vertebra, proximal femur, mid femur and distal femur. Next, osteopenia rats in 275 nm irradiation group were UV irradiated 275 nm with fixed illumination intensity (15 μW/cm
) everyday for 16 weeks. The osteopenia rats in 310 nm irradiation group were UV irradiated 3 ultraviolet could improve osteopenia rats' bone condition. The irradiation of 310 nm might be more effective on bone condition improvement.
Both 275 nm and 310 nm ultraviolet could improve rats' vitamin D synthesis. Both 275 nm and 310 nm ultraviolet could improve osteopenia rats' bone condition. The irradiation of 310 nm might be more effective on bone condition improvement.
To analyze the effects of ozone (O
) concentrations measured with different approaches across different seasons on the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits, as well as the differentiation of such effects across different groups of patients.

The outpatient data of three grade A tertiary hospitals in Lanzhou City spanning from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017, as well as air pollution and meteorological data during the same period were collected. Considering the nonlinear relationship between O
concentrations and the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits and meteorological factors, a generalized additive temporal sequence model was employed to analyze the short-term association between changes in O
concentrations and the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits. Taking into account of the variations in O
concentrations within 1 day, this study adopted different measurement approaches to address the three types of O
exposures, namely, the maximber of childhood asthma-related clinical visits among the males.

The increase in short-term exposure levels to O
in summer in Lanzhou City has a significant effect on the increase in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits; O
max1h is more closely correlated with the increase in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits.
The increase in short-term exposure levels to O3 in summer in Lanzhou City has a significant effect on the increase in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits; O3max1h is more closely correlated with the increase in the total number of childhood asthma-related clinical visits.
To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics of children with basal ganglia germinoma and to improve the level of early clinical diagnosis.

The clinical data of children diagnosed with basal ganglia germinoma admitted to the Pediatric Surgery Ward of Peking University First Hospital from January 2013 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the clinical characteristics of children with basal ganglia germinoma.

A total of 30 patients were included in the study, 28 were male, 2 were female, the mean age at onset was (9.7±2.2) years, the median disease duration was 7 months, 27 had unilateral disease, and 3 had bilateral disease. The clinical manifestations were decreased limb muscle strength, cognitive function disorders, polydipsia, precocious puberty, intracranial hypertension, dysphonia and swallowing dysfunction. The serum and cerebrospinal fluid tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were normal in the 30 patients, and the serum and cerebrles are absolutely dominant. The clinical features and imaging manifestations have certain characteristics. With both combined, the early diagnosis of germ cell tumors in the basal ganglia can be improved.
The main age of onset of germ cell tumors in the basal ganglia in children is about 10 years old, and males are absolutely dominant. The clinical features and imaging manifestations have certain characteristics. With both combined, the early diagnosis of germ cell tumors in the basal ganglia can be improved.
To investigate the abnormality and distribution of plasma cholesterol levels in single-center hospitalized children.

The blood lipid levels of children aged 2-18 years who had blood lipid test results in Peking University First Hospital from June 2016 to June 2019 were etrospectively analyzed. link2 Cholesterol oxidase method was used for total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were detected by clearance method. The counting data were compared with chi-square test.

The survey had involved 11 829 children (7 087 were boys and 4 742 were girls). 1 822 (15.4%) children were with elevated total cholesterol, 1 371 (11.6%) children with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 2 798 (23.7%) children with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction. The total number of the children with abnormal cholesterol levels was 4 427 (37.4%). Among the 7 835 children who visited hospital due to the disease not commonly inducing dyslipidemia, 731 (9.3%) harotein cholesterol ≥140 mg/dL (3.6 mmol/L) who needed to further exclude familiar hypercholesterolemia among the children who visited hospitals due to the disease not commonly inducing dyslipidemia.

Children in hospitals have a high incidence of cholesterol abnormalities. Doctors need to pay more attention to the cholesterol diagnosis and management regardless of the discipline, which not only helps to control secondary hypercholesterolemia, but also provides the possibility of detecting familial hypercholesterolemia in time.
Children in hospitals have a high incidence of cholesterol abnormalities. Doctors need to pay more attention to the cholesterol diagnosis and management regardless of the discipline, which not only helps to control secondary hypercholesterolemia, but also provides the possibility of detecting familial hypercholesterolemia in time.
To investigate the effects of
gene knockout (KO) on autistic-like behaviors and the morphology of hippocampal neurons in mice.

In the study, 25
KO mice of 3-4 weeks old and C57BL/6 background were recruited as the experimental group, and 26 wild type (WT) mice of the same age and background were recruited as the control group. Three-chamber test and open field test were used to observe the social interaction, anxiety, and repetitive behaviors in mice. After that, their brain weight and size were measured, and the number of hippocampal neurons were observed by Nissl staining. Furthermore, the
heterozygote mice were interbred with Thy1-GFP-O mice to generate

-

(KO-GFP) and

-

(WT-GFP) mice. The density and maturity of dendritic spines of hippocampal neurons were observed.

In the sociability test session of the three-chamber test, the KO mice spent more time in the chamber of the stranger mice than in the object one (

=95.086,
< 0.05; Post-Hoc
< 0.05), without any signup (
=2.323,
< 0.05). Moreover, the density of dendritic spine of dentate gyrus neurons in the KO-GFP mice was significantly increased compared with the control group (
=-2.374,
< 0.05), without any significant difference in spine maturity (
=-1.935,
>0.05).

KO mice represent autistic-like behavior, which may be related to the decrease in the number of neurons and the increase in the density of dendritic spine in the dentate gyrus.
CACNA1H KO mice represent autistic-like behavior, which may be related to the decrease in the number of neurons and the increase in the density of dendritic spine in the dentate gyrus.
To study the correlation between immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer tissue and clinical prognosis and to explore the levels of some immune cell genes for predicting the prognosis of patients with glioma colorectal cancer.

In this study, we extracted colorectal cancer data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA). Based on a deconvolution algorithm (called CIBERSORT) and clinically annotated expression profiles, the analysis assessed the infiltration patterns of 22 immune cells in colorectal cancer tissue to determine the association between each cell type and survival. Differences in five-year survival rate effectively illustrate the clinical prognostic value of each immune cell proportion in colorectal cancer, using a bar graph, correlation-based heatmap to represent the proportion of immune cells in each colorectal cancer sample.

A total of 473 colorectal cancer tissues and 41 normal control tissues were extracted from the TCGA database, and the comparative analysis showed that there were differ new gene expression-based study of immune cell subtype levels and prognosis in colorectal cancer, which has potential clinical prognostic value in colorectal cancer patients.
There are different degrees of immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer tissues, and these differences may be important determinants of prognosis and treatment response. We conducted a new gene expression-based study of immune cell subtype levels and prognosis in colorectal cancer, which has potential clinical prognostic value in colorectal cancer patients.Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional constipation (FC) are among the most common disorders of gut-brain interaction, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Most patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction perceive food as a trigger for their gastrointestinal symptoms, and specific dietary manipulations/advice have now been recognized as a cornerstone therapeutic option for IBS and FC. We discuss in detail the 2 most common dietary interventions used for the management of IBS-general dietary advice based on the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines and a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs). We summarize the literature around the possible mechanisms of FODMAP-mediated IBS pathophysiology, the current 3-step, top-down approach of administering a low FODMAP diet (LFD) (restriction phase, followed by reintroduction and personalization), the efficacy data of its restriction and personalization phases, and possible biomarkers for response to an LFD. We also summarize the limitations and challenges of an LFD along with the alternative approach to administering an LFD (e.g., bottom-up). Finally, we discuss the available efficacy data for fiber, other dietary interventions (e.g., Mediterranean diet, gluten-free diet, and holistic dietary interventions), and functional foods (e.g., kiwifruit, rhubarb, aloe, and prunes) in the management of IBS and FC.Reviews in the nursing scientific literature have steadily expanded in scope and range. Phenol Red sodium This has resulted in a variety of terms used to describe these reports found in bibliographic databases, creating confusion. This study investigated the status of reviews in the published nursing literature, including (1) number of reviews; (2) conventions related to naming and description; (3) publication location; and (4) areas of clarity and inconsistency. Eighty-five percent of reviews (n = 5893) included in this study adhered to an identified review strategy, complete with a clear approach. The remainder (n = 981, 15%) did not. Authors of reviews must follow the identified protocol for their review type and share all relevant information including standards and rigor. Editors and peer reviewers need to possess up-to-date knowledge on methodologies associated with specific review types.We present the case of a 72-year-oldman who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomywith 8po Bricker urinary diversion in 2016 for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. During his follow-upswith our stomatotherapist, the patient started to developperistomal granulomas. Our aim is to eliminate the granulomas formed and prevent the appearanceof new lesions by controlling the urinary pH throughthe administration of Lit-Control® pH Down. The useof Lit-Control® pH Down in our patient has succeededin lowering urinary pH, eliminating part of the peristomalgranulomas, and improving urinary parameterssuch as urine odour and colour.OBJECTİVE Classical transverse, verticalabdominal or thoracoabdominal incisions inpediatric patients are frequently used to removelarge abdominal tumors such as hepatoblastomaand neuroblastoma. We present our initial experienceson our patients who was operated by modifiedMakuuchi incision.MATERİALS AND METHODS We used this incisionin 6 cases with large abdominal tumors (1 hepatoblastomaand 5 neuroblastoma and/or ganglioneuroma)between January 2019 and August 2020.RESULTS These patients had previously receivedchemotherapy according to appropiate protocol. Theexposure of surgical field was perfect with this incisionand dissection of the tumors was easily performed.Complete removal of large abdominal tumors was successfullyachieved in the patients although the masseshave close proximity and adhesions with importantstructures and organs. There was serous collection in2 patients and it resolved spontaneously. No wound infection, hernia or wound dehiscence was observedduring a mean follow-up of 9.6 months (ranged from3 to18 months).CONCLUSİON According to our preliminary experiences,the Modified Makuuchi incision provides a niceexposure for removal of large abdominal tumors to thesurgeons and is well tolerated by children.
Penile strangulation is a rare urological emergencyin our country, although not in others. Since the firstSpanish publication in 1952, 21 publications havebeen reported that have never been reviewed.The objectives of this article are to review theSpanish series and provide 2 new cases.

A retrospective studyof penile ring strangulation in Spain between 1952and 2019 is carried out and 2 cases are contributed.The search for articles in Medline was done withdifferent key words in English penile incarceration,penile strangulation, constriction penis, metallic ringsand Spanish and in Google with the Spanish ones estrangulaciónde pene. The data of the variables studiedwere analyzed using descriptive statistics.

We found 21 Spanish articles on penilestrangulation by rings. These included 25 patientswith a mean age of 45.4 years (range 24-82). Ringswere metallic in 21 patients (84%), non-metallic in 3(12%) and data were unavailable in 1 (4%). The purposeof the ring was to prolong sexual activity in 36%,masturbation in 12%, due to psychiatric disease 12%,alcoholism 8%, accident and incontinence 8%, andthis data was not available in 24%. link3 Strangulation evolutiontime ranged from 2 hours to 14 days (averageof 51 hours). The ring was cut with shears in 34.7%and with saws in 17.3%. The urologist did not need tocollaborate in 68% of cases. link3 The cities with the mostrecorded cases were Barcelona with 5 (20%) andGranada with 4 (16%).

Penile strangulation is a seriousurological emergency. The metal ring section requiresprecision instruments. The collaboration oftraumatologists and firemen can be of great help. Itwould be advisable to have the Dremel Saw availablein hospitals.
Penile strangulation is a seriousurological emergency. The metal ring section requiresprecision instruments. The collaboration oftraumatologists and firemen can be of great help. Itwould be advisable to have the Dremel Saw availablein hospitals.
The increased incidenceof diagnosis of kidney tumours has driveninvestigation in the area. It is known that the risk ofmalignancy is correlated with tumour size, but thereare still no specific and objective parameters to characterizethe degree of aggressiveness and to be ableto guide a treatment reliably.OBJECTIVE To identify the relationship betweenrenal tumour size and the incidence of tumour aggressivecharacteristics.

A retrospective analysisof our series of renal cancers operated between 1998and 2018 was performed. The specific and cumulativeincidence of aggressive characteristics was studied.The following where considered as aggressive characteristicsPresence of sarcomatoid or epidermoiddifferentiation, tumour necrosis, stage pT3-4, histologicalhigh grade (3-4) and the presence of histologicalaggressive variants.

A total of 651 patients that had undergonerenal mass surgery were analysed. In tumours below2 cm the appearance of aggressive characteristicsoccurred in less than 5%. For renal masses greaterthan 2 cm, each centimetre increase correlated with arise in cumulative incidence of 2-3% for each characteristicstudied.

In tumours below 2cm and patientswith significant comorbidities active surveillance maybe a reliable alternative to surgery.
In tumours below 2cm and patientswith significant comorbidities active surveillance maybe a reliable alternative to surgery.
to assess the capacityof the G8 questionnaire for the detection of frailty inpatients over 75 years of age with metastatic or castrationresistant prostate cancer and the relationshipof the results of this questionnaire with clinical variables,laboratory data, quality of life, functional statusand comorbidity.

Patients over the ageof 75 with metastatic or castration-resistant prostatecancer were evaluated using the G8 questionnaire.Those with a G8 15 were subjected to comprehensivegeriatric assessment in order to evaluate the abilityof this questionnaire to predict frailty. We studiedthe relationship between G8 score and functionalstatus (ECOG), comorbidity (Charlson index), qualityof life (FACT-P and EQ5D 3L questionnaires), diseasecharacteristics and common analytical variables.

64 patients were included in the study,of whom 26 scored 15 in the G8 questionnaireand were referred to geriatrics. 89% (23/26) of thepatients with a G8 score pre-fragile and 7 fragile) and only 11% (3/26) wereconsidered robustin the G8questionnaire is a good predictor of frailty in elderlypatients with advanced prostate cancer. Comorbidity,as measured by Charlson's index, and quality of life,as measured by the EQ5D-3L questionnaire, are independentpredictors of frailty (score on the G8 questionnairebelow 15).An adequate search strategy is necessaryfor all health professionals, from the trainingprocess to the moments of expertise in their area.The generation of the strategy must be a methodicaland rigorous process, which begins with the researchquestion, then the databases are chosen, the specificdesign of the strategy is continued to finally managethe result in an organized and transparent manner. The ability to perform these strategies is not acquiredovernight, and probably will require the help of someoneexpert at the beginning, however, it is clear that wecan all apply it in our lives as health professionals.
To assess the effectivenessand tolerability of treatment with P africanum(P. africanum) in patients with lower urinary tractsymptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatichyperplasia (BPH) in routine clinical practice.

Cross-sectional observationalstudy in which 115 patients with LUTS/BPHtreated for 6 months with P. africanum (Tebetane® compuesto)in real-world clinical practice conditions wereincluded. The primary objective was to assess thequality of life (QoL) according to changes in the scoresof item 8 of the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS) questionnaire (a score ≥ 4 indicates a significantimpairment of QoL). Secondary objectives includedimprovement of urinary symptoms, urinary flow, satisfactionand compliance with treatment as well astolerability. Data were collected in a single scheduledvisit at 6 months of treatment with P. africanum andwere compared with data registered in the medicalrecords at the beginning of treatment.

After 6 months of treatment withP. africanum, the percentage oflevel of satisfaction andcompliance with treatment, without adverse events.Desde que el 31 de diciembre de 2019, se informó el primer caso de neumonía de etiología desconocida en la ciudad de Wuhan (China), la humanidad desconocía cómo iba a cambiar la vida tal cual la conocíamos y los profundos cambios que se iban a suscitar. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) el 12 de enero de 2020 reporta una nueva cepa de coronavirus que causaba el Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (1) caracterizado por un cuadro clínico que variaba desde el portador asintomático hasta casos mortales de neumonía, insuficiencia respiratoria y fallo multiorgánico...
Lymphoepitheliomalikedifferentiation is a rare histological variant of urothelialbladder carcinoma, therefore its prognosis and treatmentare not clearly defined. A retrospective study of 5cases in the last 10 years in our center was performed.

cystectomy was performed in 4 of5 because they were non-metastatic muscle-invasivetumors at diagnosis, in the 5th TURB + BCG because itwas non-muscle-invasive. 2 patients received chemotherapyand 1 adjuvant radiotherapy, and 1 immunotherapyafter relapse. 2 had a pure lymphoepithelioma-like pattern, 2 predominant and 1 focal.

In predominant or pure forms, agood response to treatment with TURB and adjuvantchemotherapy has been described, even superior tocystectomy, as it is a variant with a very favorable responseto platinum. Immunotherapy is currently onlyindicated as second-line treatment.

adjuvant treatment plays an importantrole as it is a highly chemosensitive variant,but more studies are needed to define the best therapeuticstrategy.
adjuvant treatment plays an importantrole as it is a highly chemosensitive variant, but more studies are needed to define the best therapeuticstrategy.
To study the prognosticvalues of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) undergoing radicalcystectomy.

The clinical data of 186 MIBC patientsreceiving radical cystectomy from January 2013 toOctober 2015 were collected. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were plotted based on preoperativeNLR, PLR and LMR as well as survival of patientswithin 5 years after surgery. The NLR, PLR and LMRvalues of patients with different clinicopathologicalcharacteristics were described by frequencies.Recurrence-free survival curve was plotted using theKaplan-Meier method, and survival curves were comparedby the log-rank test. Independent risk factorsfor recurrence were explored by multivariate logisticregression analysis. NLR, PLR and LMR were utilizedto establish the recurrence risk scoring model, and theaccuracy for predicting recurrence was assessed byROC curves.

NLR groups had significantly differentpathological grade, T stage, lymph node metastasisand tumor number.
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