Notes

Effective calculation regarding nuclear spin-rotation always the same via auxiliary density functional concept.
tal for precision cancer surgery especially for radiologically unseen tumours to avoid adverse clinical consequence.Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among people with severe mental disorder (SMD). CVD risk factors occur at the individual, health system, and socio-environmental levels and contribute not only to high rates of CVD but also to worsening mental health. While acknowledging this wider context, this review focuses on behavioral interventions for seven CVD risk behaviors-smoking, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, low fruit and vegetable intake, inadequate sleep, poor social participation, and poor medication adherence-that are common among people with SMD. We survey recent meta-reviews of the literature and then review additional key studies to provide clinical recommendations for behavioral interventions to reduce CVD risk among people with SMD. A transdiagnostic psychological approach from the start of mental health treatment, drawing upon multidisciplinary expertise to address multiple risk behaviors, is recommended.Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is an uncommon malignant mesenchymal tumour deriving from soft tissues or visceral organs without any evidence of a primary bone osteosarcoma. Although ESOS has been mainly reported in the extremities, it can also occur in unusual locations such as the colorectal region. A 58-year-old man with a 3-month history of dyspepsia, constipation and soreness in the left upper abdominal quadrant was admitted to hospital. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a huge, irregular, mixed cystic and solid, partially calcified mass measuring 116mm×140mm×200mm. Because of the patient's obstructive symptoms, surgery was performed. A tumour involving the splenic flexure of the colon was excised in line with oncological principles by extended left hemicolectomy with end-to-side colo-colonic anastomosis. The specimen was interpreted as a primary osteosarcoma of the colon after immunohistochemical straining. Considering the limited data regarding ESOS arising in colon, we present the second case to date that involves the transverse colon, to further elucidate its clinical aspects, prognosis and treatment options.
An ASCO provisional clinical opinion offers timely clinical direction to ASCO's membership following publication or presentation of potentially practice-changing data from major studies. This provisional clinical opinion addresses the appropriate use of tumor genomic testing in patients with metastatic or advanced solid tumors.

An increasing number of therapies are approved to treat cancers harboring specific genomic biomarkers. However, there is a lack of clarity as to when tumor genomic sequencing should be ordered, what type of assays should be performed, and how to interpret the results for treatment selection.

Patients with metastatic or advanced cancer should undergo genomic sequencing in a certified laboratory if the presence of one or more specific genomic alterations has regulatory approval as biomarkers to guide the use of or exclusion from certain treatments for their disease. find more Multigene panel-based assays should be used if more than one biomarker-linked therapy is approved for the patient's duld be used if more than one biomarker-linked therapy is approved for the patient's disease. Site-agnostic approvals for any cancer with a high tumor mutation burden, mismatch repair deficiency, or neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) fusions provide a rationale for genomic testing for all solid tumors. Multigene testing may also assist in treatment selection by identifying additional targets when there are few or no genotype-based therapy approvals for the patient's disease. For treatment planning, the clinician should consider the functional impact of the targeted alteration and expected efficacy of genomic biomarker-linked options relative to other approved or investigational treatments.Additional information is available at www.asco.org/assays-and-predictive-markers-guidelines.With the rise of synthetic biology, dual-use research risks are not confined to pathogen-related research. However, existing measures to mitigate the risks of dual-use research, such as export control, are still designed to hinder access to pathogens and do not address the risks of nonpathogen-related dual-use research. The current self-regulatory approach requires scientists to be aware of their responsibility and know how to assess risks and establish countermeasures. The purpose of this study was to examine the state of knowledge about dual-use research among life science students and to test an alternative teaching approach on the importance of considering biosecurity risks for teams participating in the International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition. We conducted an international survey from July 18 to September 13, 2018, which was completed by 192 respondents from 29 countries and 74 universities. Based on the results of the survey, we designed and tested a learning workshop on dual-use research within the iGEM community. Results from the workshop and the survey show that educational machinery so far have failed to integrate teaching about dual-use research issues.
The current gold standard treatment for breast cancer liver metastases (BCLM) is systemic chemotherapy and/or hormonal therapy. Nonetheless, greater consideration has been given to local therapeutic strategies in recent years. We sought to compare survival outcomes for available systemic and local treatments for BCLM, specifically surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation.

A review of the PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase and Cochrane Library databases was conducted. Data from included studies were extracted and subjected to time-to-event data synthesis, algorithmically reconstructing individual patient-level data from published Kaplan-Meier survival curves.

A total of 54 studies were included, comprising data for 5,430 patients (surgery,
=2,063; ablation,
=305; chemotherapy,
=3,062). Analysis of the reconstructed data demonstrated survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years of 90%, 65.9% and 53%, respectively, for the surgical group, 83%, 49% and 35% for the ablation group and 53%, 24% and 14% for the chemotherapy group (
<0.0001).

Local therapeutic interventions such as liver resection and radiofrequency ablation are effective treatments for BCLM, particularly in patients with metastatic disease localised to the liver. Although the data from this review support surgical resection for BCLM, further prospective studies for managing oligometastatic breast cancer disease are required.
Local therapeutic interventions such as liver resection and radiofrequency ablation are effective treatments for BCLM, particularly in patients with metastatic disease localised to the liver. Although the data from this review support surgical resection for BCLM, further prospective studies for managing oligometastatic breast cancer disease are required.
The use of telepractice in the field of communication disorders offers an opportunity to provide care for those with primary progressive aphasia (PPA). The Western Aphasia Battery-Revised (WAB-R) is used for differential diagnosis, to assess severity of aphasia, and to identify a language profile of strengths and challenges. Telehealth administration of the WAB-R is supported for those with chronic aphasia due to stroke but has not yet been systematically explored in neurodegenerative dementia syndromes. To fill this gap, in-person and telehealth performance on the WAB-R from participants with mild to moderate PPA was compared.

Nineteen participants with mild to moderate PPA were administered the WAB-R in person and over videoconferencing. Videoconferencing administration included modifications to the testing protocol to ensure smooth completion of the assessment. Subtest and Aphasia Quotient (WAB-AQ) summary scores were compared using concordance coefficients to measure the relationship between the administration modes.

In-person and telehealth scores showed strong concordance for the WAB-AQ, Auditory Verbal Comprehension subtest, and Naming & Word Finding subtest. The Spontaneous Speech test summary score had slightly lower concordance, indicating the need for caution when comparing these scores across administration modes.

These findings support extending the use of telehealth administration of the WAB-R via videoconferencing to those with mild to moderate PPA given appropriate modifications to testing protocol.
These findings support extending the use of telehealth administration of the WAB-R via videoconferencing to those with mild to moderate PPA given appropriate modifications to testing protocol.Women face a disproportionate burden of stroke mortality and disability. Biologic sex and sociocultural gender both contribute to differences in stroke risk factors, assessment, treatment, and outcomes. There are substantial differences in the strength of association of stroke risk factors, as well as female-specific risk factors. Moreover, there are differences in presentation, response to treatment, and stroke outcomes in women. This review outlines current knowledge of impact of sex and gender on stroke, as well as delineates research gaps and areas for future inquiry.Sex-based differences in cardiovascular disease presentation, diagnosis, and response to therapies are well established, but mechanistic understanding and translation to clinical applications are limited. Blood-based biomarkers have become an important tool for interrogating biologic pathways. Understanding sexual dimorphism in the relationship between biomarkers and cardiovascular disease will enhance our insights into cardiovascular disease pathogenesis in women, with potential to translate to improved individualized care for men and women with or at risk for cardiovascular disease. In this review, we examine how biologic sex associates with differential levels of blood-based biomarkers and influences the effect of biomarkers on disease outcomes. We further summarize key differences in blood-based cardiovascular biomarkers along central biologic pathways, including myocardial stretch/injury, inflammation, adipose tissue metabolism, and fibrosis pathways in men versus women. Finally, we present recommendations for leveraging our current knowledge of sex differences in blood-based biomarkers for future research and clinical innovation.Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in women. Given accumulating evidence on sex- and gender-based differences in cardiovascular disease development and outcomes, the need for more effective approaches to screening for risk factors and phenotypes in women is ever urgent. Public health surveillance and health care delivery systems now continuously generate massive amounts of data that could be leveraged to enable both screening of cardiovascular risk and implementation of tailored preventive interventions across a woman's life span. However, health care providers, clinical guidelines committees, and health policy experts are not yet sufficiently equipped to optimize the collection of data on women, use or interpret these data, or develop approaches to targeting interventions. Therefore, we provide a broad overview of the key opportunities for cardiovascular screening in women while highlighting the potential applications of artificial intelligence along with digital technologies and tools.
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