Notes

The impact associated with perceived community problem in quitting smoking amongst metropolitan back-up clinic people.
Molar-incisor malformation (MIM) is a newly described dental developmental anomaly that predominantly affects primary second molars, permanent first molars, and, in some cases, permanent central incisors. Diagnosis is usually made upon radiographic examination. The molars usually present with significant cervical constriction, flattened pulp chambers, and absent or thin, short, and narrow roots, whereas the incisors usually exhibit coronal dilaceration. Loss of these compromised teeth in the long term may be inevitable. Thus, clinicians should be aware of this condition and the factors to consider to advise their patients as early as possible. The purpose of this paper is to present two cases of MIM and discuss the factors clinicians should take into consideration to make a care plan in these cases.Localized scleroderma (LoS) or morphea is a rare group of inflammatory disorders resulting in excessive collagen deposition and subsequent sclerosis of the skin and subdermal tissues. Linear scleroderma (LiS) or linear morphea is the most common subtype of LoS in children and primarily affects the face and extremities. This case report details the three-year follow-up of a five-year-old girl with LiS of the left upper lip and adjacent oral mucosal tissue. She also presented with a concurrent developmental root defect of the permanent maxillary left central incisor. Intralesional corticosteroids were considered as a first-line treatment; however, parents declined it. Decision was made to biopsy when the lesion showed signs of progression. At subsequent reviews, the affected mucosal surface appeared to have stabilized but progressive notching of the upper lip was noted. In the long term, after cessation of disease activity, the patient will require aesthetic intervention to surgically correct her upper lip.Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood rheumatic disease. It can involve the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) at onset; however, this is frequently overlooked until later stages when pain and dysfunction occur. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the case of a 14-year-old female with malocclusion and TMJ pain who presented for orthodontic treatment. The orthodontist referred her to the orofacial pain specialist to rule out TMJ dysfunction before starting care. After a comprehensive evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with JIA. Dentists can play a key role in the initial detection of systemic diseases causing TMJ pathology. This case report outlines the main orofacial signs and symptoms a dentist needs to be familiar with for the prompt identification of JIA, further reiterating the importance of an early diagnosis for a better prognosis and quality of life of a young patient with JIA.Purpose To assess the impact of pulp necrosis on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with early childhood caries and their caregivers.Conclusion The presence of pulp necrosis increased the negative impact on OHRQoL of children with untreated carious lesions and their guardians.Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of lingual frenectomy, as a standalone treatment or in association with myofunctional therapy, on the general and functional aspects of six- to 12-year-old children with anomalies in the lingual frenulum. Conclusion Frenectomy associated with myofunctional therapy benefitted tongue mobility.
Resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) results in hypertrophy, and its magnitude depends on various training variables. This study aimed to compare the long-term effect of passive recovery (PR) and active recovery (AR) during low-intensity resistance training with BFR on hormonal levels and performance in young men.

In the randomized clinical trial, 20 men were randomly divided into PR and AR groups during resistance training with BFR. The intervention consisted of six upper and lower body movements with 30% of one maximum repetition (1RM), three sessions per week for six weeks. Both groups wore pneumatic cuffs on the proximal part of thighs and arms. The cuff pressure was 60% of the calculated arterial blood occlusion and increased 10% every two weeks. The AR group performed seven repetitions in 30s break between sets by one second for concentric and eccentric phases and two seconds rest, and the other group had passive rest. The blood samples and a series of performance tests were gathereGH, muscle strength, and endurance. Thus, to gain further benefits, AR during training with BFR is recommended.

IRCT20191207045644N1. Registration date 14/03/2020. URL https//www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20191207045644N1.
IRCT20191207045644N1. Registration date 14/03/2020. URL https//www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20191207045644N1.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected all healthcare systems worldwide. Effective COVID-19 preventive measures, including wearing a mask, hand washing, avoiding the "Three Cs", and city lockdowns, could decrease other infectious diseases. The case numbers of the major infectious diseases in Thailand were investigated (pneumonia, influenza, and dengue fever) during the COVID-19 pandemic using Thailand government national data sources from 2018 to August 2021. Pneumonia, influenza, and dengue fever cases decreased after the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to respiratory tract infections, COVID-19 preventive measures could decrease dengue fever cases.
Obesity in pregnancy increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and associated adverse outcomes. Despite metabolic differences, all pregnant women with obesity are considered to have the same risk of developing GDM. Improved risk stratification is required to enable targeted intervention in women with obesity who would benefit the most. The aim of this study is to identify pregnant women with obesity at higher risk of developing GDM and, in a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT), test feasibility and assess the efficacy of a lifestyle intervention and/or metformin to improve glycaemic control.

Women aged 18 years or older with a singleton pregnancy and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30kg/m
will be recruited from one maternity unit in London, UK. Epinephrine bitartrate purchase The risk of GDM will be assessed using a multivariable GDM prediction model combining maternal age, mid-arm circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides and HbA1c. Women identified at a higher risk of developing GDM will be randomly This study has been approved by the NHS Research Ethics Committee (UK IRAS integrated research application system; reference 18/LO/1500). EudraCT number 2018-000003-16 .
This study has been approved by the NHS Research Ethics Committee (UK IRAS integrated research application system; reference 18/LO/1500). EudraCT number 2018-000003-16 .
The ideal treatment of early-stage arthrofibrosis after total knee arthroplasty is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the treatment effect, including variability, and feasibility of a multimodal physical therapy program as compared to manipulation under anesthesia.

This was a prospective feasibility study with a retrospective cohort comparison. Ten consecutive patients (aged 64 ± 9 years, 7 females) with early-stage arthrofibrosis were enrolled 6 weeks after primary total knee arthroplasty and participated in the multimodal physical therapy program. The multimodal physical therapy program consisted of manual therapy, therapeutic exercise, and static progressive splinting delivered over 4 weeks. The outcomes included knee range of motion (ROM), adherence, patient satisfaction, and safety. Data were compared to a retrospective cohort of 31 patients with arthrofibrosis (aged 65 ± 9 years, 20 females) who underwent manipulation under anesthesia followed by physical therapy.

Overall, knee ROodal physical therapy program versus manipulation under anesthesia.

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04837872 .
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04837872 .Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become in the spotlight regarding the serious early and late complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), systemic inflammation, multi-organ failure and death. Although many preventive and therapeutic approaches have been suggested for ameliorating complications of COVID-19, emerging new resistant viral variants has called the efficacy of current therapeutic approaches into question. Besides, recent reports on the late and chronic complications of COVID-19, including organ fibrosis, emphasize a need for a multi-aspect therapeutic method that could control various COVID-19 consequences. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), a group of placenta-derived amniotic membrane resident stem cells, possess considerable therapeutic features that bring them up as a proposed therapeutic option for COVID-19. These cells display immunomodulatory effects in different organs that could reduce the adverse consequences of immune system hyper-reaction against SARS-CoV-2. Besides, hAECs would participate in alveolar fluid clearance, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulation, and regeneration of damaged organs. hAECs could also prevent thrombotic events, which is a serious complication of COVID-19. This review focuses on the proposed early and late therapeutic mechanisms of hAECs and their exosomes to the injured organs. It also discusses the possible application of preconditioned and genetically modified hAECs as well as their promising role as a drug delivery system in COVID-19. Moreover, the recent advances in the pre-clinical and clinical application of hAECs and their exosomes as an optimistic therapeutic hope in COVID-19 have been reviewed.
The understanding of how microbiomes assemble, function, and evolve requires metagenomic tools that can resolve microbiota compositions at the strain level. However, the identification and tracking of microbial strains in fecal metagenomes is challenging and available tools variably classify subspecies lineages, which affects their applicability to infer microbial persistence and transfer.

We introduce SameStr, a bioinformatic tool that identifies shared strains in metagenomes by determining single-nucleotide variants (SNV) in species-specific marker genes, which are compared based on a maximum variant profile similarity. We validated SameStr on mock strain populations, available human fecal metagenomes from healthy individuals and newly generated data from recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) patients treated with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). SameStr demonstrated enhanced sensitivity to detect shared dominant and subdominant strains in related samples (where strain persistence o persistence, transfer, and engraftment in human fecal microbiomes. Our findings identify a persisting healthy adult core gut microbiota, which should be further studied to shed light on microbiota contributions to chronic diseases. Video abstract.
SameStr provides for a robust identification of shared strains in metagenomic sequence data with sufficient specificity and sensitivity to examine strain persistence, transfer, and engraftment in human fecal microbiomes. Our findings identify a persisting healthy adult core gut microbiota, which should be further studied to shed light on microbiota contributions to chronic diseases. Video abstract.
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