Notes

Gonadal mosaicism in ARID1B gene leads to intellectual incapacity and also dysmorphic functions within about three brothers and sisters.
48, CI 1.38-1.59). Characteristics independently associated with concurrent OAC/EI-AED use included younger age, female sex, white race, net worth less then $250 K, and lower education levels. Our findings demonstrate the expanding use and evolving patterns of OAC/AED co-dispensing, and ensuing critical need to further understanding regarding postulated interactions.
Cognitive and psychiatric problems are common in people with epilepsy. They can have multiple causes, including structural brain lesions, the active epilepsy, and the effect of anti-epileptic therapy. Since patients' treatment compliance and quality of life are affected by cognitive and emotional status, it is crucial for clinicians to understand how anti-seizure medications (ASMs) affect cognition and mood, and to choose the proper ASM.

To conduct a literature review of the impact on cognition and mood status of lacosamide (LCM) in people with epilepsy.

Wesearched PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and reference lists of articles for all types of articles with no limitations on publication date.

A total of 251 records were obtained, including 247 articles in PubMed and 4 articles from reference lists. We included 2 meta-analyses, one randomized controlled trials and 14 observational studies after the screening process. Most studies agree LCM has low risk of treatment-emergent adverseween studies make the quality of evidence weaker and further trials are needed.
To enumerate and classify errors in physicians' orders of antiseizure medications (ASMs) to people with epilepsy presenting to neurology clinic.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the neurology clinic of a teaching hospital catering to a predominantly rural population. People in whom a diagnosis of epilepsy was confirmed and who presented for the first time with a prior prescription for antiseizure medication/s were included. Their immediate previous prescriptions were assessed for errors, enumerated and classified according to WHO guidelines for prescription writing.

Hundred prescriptions of 334 patients screened were analyzed. The number of ASMs prescribed to a participant was 2 ± 0.6 (mean ± SD). We identified a mean of 5 ± 4 (median 3; range 1-7) errors in each order. These included superscription errors, e.g., missing information on seizure control and frequency (n = 90, 90%), generic name (n = 62, 62%), patient identifiers (n = 57, 57%), prescribers' identifiers (n = 29, 29%) and diagnosis or indication for prescribing the medication/s (n = 55, 55%). The most common inscription and subscription errors were dosing errors (22%) and pharmaceutical form errors (20%) followed by omission (13%), duplication (13%), substitution (12%), commission (9%) and frequency errors (8%). Errors were more common among prescriptions provided by primary-care and Ayurvedic, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH) physicians compared to specialists (P < 0.05).

Errors are common among medication orders provided by non-specialist and specialist physicians. Primary care and AYUSH are more liable to make errors underscoring the need to educate them in basic epilepsy treatment.
Errors are common among medication orders provided by non-specialist and specialist physicians. Primary care and AYUSH are more liable to make errors underscoring the need to educate them in basic epilepsy treatment.
Long-term treatment with certain antiepileptic drugs may lead to thyroid function disturbances or alterations in bone metabolism; the data on the effects of new antiepileptic drugs on this are limited and conflicting, especially in children with epilepsy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of levetiracetam and oxcarbazepine on thyroid hormone levels and bone metabolism in children with epilepsy.

A total of 51 children with new-onset partial epilepsy were selected. They were randomly treated with either levetiracetam (n = 25), or oxcarbazepine (n = 26) monotherapy. selleckchem Eight of the 51 patients were excluded for failing to take the drug continuously or failing to undergo a regular review. Thus, 43 patients were finally included (levetiracetam 23 patients, oxcarbazepine 20 patients). A control group consisting of age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (n = 20) was included for comparison. Serum triiodothyronine, tetraiodothyronine, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyroid-stimuldiffer from baseline values.

Our data show that levetiracetam treatment has no significant effect on thyroid function and bone metabolism in children with epilepsy. Long-term use of oxcarbazepine may reduce serum free thyroxine levels, resulting in impaired thyroid function, and may reduce serum calcium and increase parathyroid hormone levels, leading to bone metabolism disorders.
Our data show that levetiracetam treatment has no significant effect on thyroid function and bone metabolism in children with epilepsy. Long-term use of oxcarbazepine may reduce serum free thyroxine levels, resulting in impaired thyroid function, and may reduce serum calcium and increase parathyroid hormone levels, leading to bone metabolism disorders.The recent COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted care systems around the world. We assessed how the COVID-19 pandemic affected children with epilepsy in Italy, where lockdown measures were applied from March 8 to May 4, 2020. We compiled an Italian-language online survey on changes to healthcare and views on telehealth. Invitations were sent to 6631 contacts of all patients diagnosed with epilepsy within the last 5 years at the BambinoGesù Children's Hospital in Rome. Of the 3321 responses received, 55.6% of patients were seizure-free for at least 1 year before the COVID-19-related lockdown, 74.4% used anti-seizure medications (ASMs), and 59.7% had intellectual disability. Only 10 patients (0.4%) became infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Seizure frequency remained stable for most patients during the lockdown period (increased in 13.2%; decreased in 20.3%), and seizure duration, use of rescue medications, and adherence to treatment were unchanged. Comorbidities were more affected (behavioral problems worsened in 35.
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