Notes

A 25-year standpoint about the progression regarding radiation treatment involving urologic cancer.
Muscle imaging showed fatty replacement of paraspinal muscles, variable degrees of involvement of the gluteal muscles, and the posterior compartment of the thigh and minor changes at the mid-leg level. Muscle biopsies revealed mild myopathic changes. Erlotinib Western blot analysis revealed a clear reduction in calpain 3 in skeletal muscle relative to controls. Protein modelling of these variants on the predicted structure of calpain 3 revealed that all variants are located in proximity to the calmodulin-binding site and are predicted to interfere with proteolytic activation.

We expand the genotypic spectrum of CAPN3-associated muscular dystrophy due to autosomal dominant missense variants.
We expand the genotypic spectrum of CAPN3-associated muscular dystrophy due to autosomal dominant missense variants.Event-related potentials (ERPs) provide a multidimensional and real-time window into neurocognitive processing. The typical Waveform-based Component Structure (WCS) approach to ERPs assesses the modulation pattern of components-systematic, reoccurring voltage fluctuations reflecting specific computational operations-by looking at mean amplitude in predetermined time-windows. This WCS approach, however, often leads to inconsistent results within as well as across studies. It has been argued that at least some inconsistencies may be reconciled by considering spatiotemporal overlap between components; that is, components may overlap in both space and time, and given their additive nature, this means that the WCS may fail to accurately represent its underlying latent component structure (LCS). We employ regression-based ERP (rERP) estimation to extend traditional approaches with an additional layer of analysis, which enables the explicit modeling of the LCS underlying WCS. To demonstrate its utility, we incrementally derive an rERP analysis of a recent study on language comprehension with seemingly inconsistent WCS-derived results. Analysis of the resultant regression models allows one to derive an explanation for the WCS in terms of how relevant regression predictors combine in space and time, and crucially, how individual predictors may be mapped onto unique components in LCS, revealing how these spatiotemporally overlap in the WCS. We conclude that rERP estimation allows for investigating how scalp-recorded voltages derive from the spatiotemporal combination of experimentally manipulated factors. Moreover, when factors can be uniquely mapped onto components, rERPs may offer explanations for seemingly inconsistent ERP waveforms at the level of their underlying latent component structure.Life-history traits are often plastic in response to environmental factors such as temperature or precipitation, and they also vary with age in many species. Trait variation during the lifetime could thus be partly driven by age-dependent plasticity in these traits. We study whether plasticity of a phenological trait-the egg-laying date-with respect to spring temperature, varies with age, and explore whether this variation relates to changes in breeding success throughout the life cycle. We use data from a four-decade long-term monitoring of a wild population of blue tits in Corsica, to estimate age-dependent plasticity of reproductive phenology and annual reproductive success. We show that both laying date plasticity and annual reproductive success vary with age young and old females are less plastic, and fledge fewer offspring, than middle-age females. Furthermore, in contrast to young and prime-age females, in old females fledging success does not depend on laying date. Phenological plasticity is a major mechanism for coping with rapid environmental variation. Our results suggest that understanding its role in adaptation to climate change and population persistence requires integrating the age structure of the population.
We report a case of a fetus with complex congenital heart disease and supraventricular tachycardia in the setting of maternal high grade atrioventricular block at 26 weeks' gestation.

Electroanatomic mapping allowed successful implantation of a permanent pacemaker to provide adequate back-up pacing in the mother with zero radiation exposure, thus allowing safe delivery of transplacental anti-arrhythmic medications to reduce the fetal arrhythmia burden and optimize the fetal ventricular rate.

This is the first reported case of using electroanatomic mapping, with zero fluoroscopy use, for pacemaker lead placement and for a novel indication.
This is the first reported case of using electroanatomic mapping, with zero fluoroscopy use, for pacemaker lead placement and for a novel indication.Despite major advances in medical therapy, sudden cardiac death remains an important cause of cardiovascular mortality. In order to improve the risk-benefit balance of transvenous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) systems, a totally subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) system was developed and approved for use in Europe in 2009. The currently available S-ICD system has undergone several important hardware- and software-related modifications and improvements over the last 10 years aimed at further improving its efficacy and safety. The results of the PRAETORIAN trial, that is, the first randomized comparison of S-ICD versus transvenous ICDs, of the prospective UNTOUCHED study, and the overall consistent observational data underline that current generation S-ICD systems may be a valid alternative in patients with an ICD indication in whom bradycardia pacing or cardiac resynchronization therapy is not required due to a lower risk of system-related problems. This review summarizes the key differences between the two systems, improvements in hardware components and algorithms over time, as well as most recent clinical evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of the S-ICD.To unravel the function of a protein of interest, it is crucial to asses to what extent it associates via direct interactions or by overlapping expression with other proteins. ROXY1, a land plant-specific glutaredoxin, exerts a function in Arabidopsis flower development and interacts with TGA transcription factors in the nucleus. We detected a novel ROXY1 function in the root meristem. Root cells that lack chlorophyll reducing plant-specific background problems that can hamper colocalization 3D microscopy. Thus far, a super-resolution three-dimensional stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (3D-dSTORM) approach has mainly been applied in animal studies. We established 3D-dSTORM using the roxy1 mutant complemented with green fluorescence protein-ROXY1 and investigated its colocalization with three distinct RNAPII isoforms. To quantify the colocalization results, 3D-dSTORM was coupled with the coordinate-based colocalization method. Interestingly, ROXY1 proteins colocalize with different RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) isoforms that are active at distinct transcription cycle steps.
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