Notes

Your phrase routine, polymorphisms as well as affiliation studies of the porcine NREP gene.
Women in the U.S. military encounter unique challenges during the perinatal period that are driven by military requirements for mission readiness. The purpose of this scoping review was to systematically examine the extent, range, and nature of the literature on pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period of active duty military women. A secondary aim was to identify leverage points for changes to improve perinatal health of servicewomen.

We used a PRISMA-ScR protocol to guide this scoping review of research and non-research articles germane to the perinatal health of servicewomen. In the protocol, we identified the rationale, objectives, eligibility criteria, search strategy, sources of evidence, and data charting processes for the review. We used the social ecological model for military women's health framework to guide the synthesis of results.

Eighty-four articles on the topics of pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period of servicewomen published from 2000 to 2018 were identified. The articles were mainly research studies (n=76), of which 49 had observational designs. Leverage points to promote workplace safety and support of pregnant women, perinatal screening, recognition of pregnancy and postpartum depression, and maintaining physical fitness during pregnancy and the postpartum period were identified in multiple levels of the social ecological model for military women's health.

Literature published from 2000 to 2018 is broad in scope, yet generally lacks a robust body of evidence on any one topic. Implementing strategies and military policies that are directed at the identified leverage points could enhance the health of childbearing servicewomen.
Literature published from 2000 to 2018 is broad in scope, yet generally lacks a robust body of evidence on any one topic. Implementing strategies and military policies that are directed at the identified leverage points could enhance the health of childbearing servicewomen.
The purpose of this scoping review was to apply the Social Ecological Model for Military Women's Health to literature on unintended pregnancy (UIP) to answer the question In United States active duty military women (population) with the potential for UIP (context), what is known about risk factors, prevention, and pregnancy outcomes (concepts)?

We conducted this review based on a PRISMA-ScR protocol registered a priori in Open Science Framework. Following a literature search of six databases and the grey literature, we used DistillerSR to manage data screening and data charting. The Social Ecological Model for Military Women's Health served as the theoretical framework to chart findings regarding UIP at the individual, microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem levels.

A total of 74 research, review, and grey literature articles met the inclusion criteria. Risk factors included specific demographics, military service, and recent deployment. Prevention included contraceptive practices, access, agoal of decreasing the incidence of unintended pregnancies. Pregnancy intentionality among military women should be considered as a concept to shape intervention research to reduce unintended pregnancies.
Maintaining military readiness requires integration and delivery of appropriate sex-specific health care services for active duty servicewomen (ADSW). Cervical cancer screening (CCS) provides early detection, intervention, and treatment, allowing for reductions in human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer cases. This scoping review examines existing cervical cancer evidence related to ADSW and identifies research gaps, leverage points, and policy recommendations within the context of the social ecological model for military women's health.

We conducted a scoping literature search using both indexed databases and nonindexed sources. We managed retrieved records from 2000 to 2018 with Endnote reference and DistillerSR systematic review software.

Of 1,006 records from indexed databases and 208 records from nonindexed resources retrieved, 40 publications met the inclusion criteria. Cervical cancer research addressing ADSW is limited. Servicewomen have high rates of known cancer risk factors kelihood of cervical cancer incidence. Recognizing the role of HPV vaccination as cancer prevention, collaborations and partnerships, research, best practices, and creative solutions to close ADSW's sex-specific health gaps will help to ensure a fit and ready force.
High rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been documented among U.S. military servicemembers. selleck screening library The purpose of this scoping review is to evaluate the literature to determine what is known about the risk factors, preventive measures, and health outcomes regarding STIs among active duty servicewomen.

A search of six bibliographic databases and the grey literature identified articles published from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2018. A two-level review process was used to evaluate the inclusion of articles.

Fifty-six articles were included. The majority of studies (n=47) were descriptive (95%). The primary STIs of focus were chlamydia (66%) and gonorrhea (38%), with a lesser focus on herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (17%) and syphilis (11%). There were no studies on chancroid or pubic lice. Chlamydia and gonorrhea were highly prevalent. Age, race, and gender were nonmodifiable risk factors, whereas behaviors, beliefs, socioeconomic level, marital status, and concomitant or repeat infections were modifiable risk factors. Educational programs and studies evaluating efficacious STI prevention methods were lacking. STI diagnoses occurred in servicewomen at their home stations as well as in deployed settings.

STIs remain an ongoing public health challenge with insufficient research to guide military and health care leaders. Future research should focus on prospective designs that leverage identified risk factors and at-risk populations where the most impact can be made to promote reproductive health.
STIs remain an ongoing public health challenge with insufficient research to guide military and health care leaders. Future research should focus on prospective designs that leverage identified risk factors and at-risk populations where the most impact can be made to promote reproductive health.
Adjustment disorder (AD) is the most common mental health diagnosis in the U.S. military and is more than twice as likely to be diagnosed in active duty servicewomen as compared with male servicemembers. The literature on ADs, particularly in female servicemembers, has not been reviewed yet. We conducted a scoping review of the literature to explore the degree of research activity and summarize current literature gaps.

We created a PRISMA-ScR checklist and prospectively registered it in Open Science Framework. The literature search included articles (including studies and reports) published between 2000 and 2018 in either the grey literature or the following databases Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Ovid Cochrane. We used DistillerSR to conduct title and abstracts screening, full-text screening, and data charting. The social ecological model for military women's health framework was used to organize the results.

After screening 1,304 records, 29 were included for data charting. Most frequently, studies were descriptive (cross-sectional) (25%), with no randomized controlled studies. The studies primarily focused on ADs' risk factors in servicewomen (76%), followed by military readiness (38%). Only 14% addressed recommendations for treatments based on expert opinion, although they did not directly test interventions, and 7% focused on health outcomes.

ADs affect the health of U.S. military women and military readiness, yet little is known about their successful treatment or health outcomes. Additional research in those areas is warranted.
ADs affect the health of U.S. military women and military readiness, yet little is known about their successful treatment or health outcomes. Additional research in those areas is warranted.
Sleep, critical to military operational effectiveness, is among the top five outpatient conditions for which military women seek care, yet sleep research in active duty servicewomen is sparse. We conducted a scoping review to 1) describe literature focused on sleep disorders and promotion of sleep health among U.S. active duty servicewomen and 2) identify opportunities for future health policies and research that may improve sleep health and decrease incidence of disordered sleep in servicewomen.

The PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews informed this project. We searched Ovid; MEDLINE and Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Daily and Versions; Embase; CINAHL; Cochrane Central; the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; PsycInfo; and the Web of Science, and several sources of grey literature, from January 2000 through March 2019. We used a three-step screening and data extraction process 1) title and abstract screening, 2) full-text article screening, and 3) data extract there is an urgent need for intervention research to address the gaps in knowledge about sleep health in this population.
U.S. military women's health (MWH) is influenced by unique life experiences while serving in combat and combat support roles in the armed forces. Daily accomplishment of the military mission exposes women to occupational, physical, and psychosocial factors that affect their health status. Here, we present the theoretical framework for a social ecological model (SEM) for MWH.

By synthesizing the common elements of various SEMs for health, we describe the layers in the military social ecological system that are typical of the milieu of servicewomen. With the individual's knowledge, beliefs, behaviors, and physiology at the center of the model, relevant components of the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem are identified.

Support for the SEM-MWH can be found in all layers of the social ecological system. Distinguishing factors of the SEM-MWH include characteristics of the military environment, community, health care system, regulations and policies, and the military culture in which women live and work. Servicewomen's life experiences in the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem occur in a nested, interactive system that affects their health behaviors and their health status.

The social ecological system of servicewomen is unique and must be fully explored and appreciated to ensure the health of women who serve. Investigation of the effects of policies throughout all layers of the SEM-MWH on the individual servicewoman is warranted.
The social ecological system of servicewomen is unique and must be fully explored and appreciated to ensure the health of women who serve. Investigation of the effects of policies throughout all layers of the SEM-MWH on the individual servicewoman is warranted.
Over 80% of the global population consider themselves religious, with even more identifying as spiritual, but the neural substrates of spirituality and religiosity remain unresolved.

In two independent brain lesion datasets (N
= 88; N
= 105), we applied lesion network mapping to test whether lesion locations associated with spiritual and religious belief map to a specific human brain circuit.

We found that brain lesions associated with self-reported spirituality map to a brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray. Intersection of lesion locations with this same circuit aligned with self-reported religiosity in an independent dataset and previous reports of lesions associated with hyper-religiosity. Lesion locations causing delusions and alien limb syndrome also intersected this circuit.

These findings suggest that spirituality and religiosity map to a common brain circuit centered on the periaqueductal gray, a brainstem region previously implicated in fear conditioning, pain modulation, and altruistic behavior.
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