Notes

Patient-Provider Conversation and internet-based Health Data Seeking between a Sample people Seniors.
The findings of computed tomography of the brain and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were interpreted by a radiologist who was not familiar with the goals of this study.

Cognitive functioning of delirious patients is statistically significantly worse after three and six months, and one year from stroke compared to those without delirium. There is no statistically significant difference in cognitive functioning between delirious patients in relation to gender, age, location and type of stroke and patients without delirium throughout one year from stroke. There is no significant difference in cognitive functioning between delirious patients during one year from stroke in relation to severity and type of delirium, and statistically significantly higher degree of cognitive dysfunction has those older than ≥65 years.

Delirium significantly reduces the cognitive functioning of patients after a stroke.
Delirium significantly reduces the cognitive functioning of patients after a stroke.
Sleep apnea is described as an isolated risk factor for stroke or recurrent stroke which could be cause of death. In our study, the aim was to determine whether sleep apnea affects the outcome of stroke patients.

This is a prospective study in which a group of 110 patients in the acute phase of a stroke was evaluated sleep apnea. Acute stroke has been diagnosed either by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. There was no significant difference in patient's age with or without sleep apnea neither in men nor women. Neurological, neuropsychiatric, pulmonary test were performed in all patients at five different time periods. In these time periods, all patients were evaluated Glasgow scale, The American National Institutes of Health Scale Assessment, Mini Mental Test, The Sleep and snoring Questionnaire Test, The Berlin Questionnaire Test, The Epworth Sleepiness Scale, The Stanford Sleepiness Scale and The general sleep questionnaire.

One year after the onset of stroke, 91 (82.7%) ctors such as hypertension, body mass index, and smoking.
Patients with epilepsy commonly report sexual dysfunction (SD) and reproductive difficulties. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and SD, and its association with the quality of life and depressive symptoms.

This was a prospective study carried out in a tertiary healthcare centre. SD was evaluated using the internationally acclaimed questionnaire Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) that was successfully translated into Croatian and validated for this purpose. Depressive symptoms and quality of life were evaluated using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D17) and Quality of life in epilepsy-31 inventory (QOLIE-31).

Of 108 patients (68 (63 %) women, 40 (37 %) men, mean age 39.54±15.91 (range18-80) years) with epilepsy, 16 (14.8%) had focal, 38 (35.2%) generalized and 44 (40.7%) both types of epilepsy. Mean overall total score on the ASEX questionnaire was 11.94±5.61 (mean total score women 12.85±6.00, mean total score men 10.4±4.55), wiroup, which is similar to the previous percentage of SD reported in the community sample. Women were found to experience more pronounced symptoms of SD on ASEX. Symptoms of SD were found to be significantly correlated with older age, female gender, lower quality of life and depressive symptoms, while no significant correlations were found with the type of epilepsy and the AEDs.
Results of our study suggest SD is experienced by around one-third of patients in our group, which is similar to the previous percentage of SD reported in the community sample. Women were found to experience more pronounced symptoms of SD on ASEX. Symptoms of SD were found to be significantly correlated with older age, female gender, lower quality of life and depressive symptoms, while no significant correlations were found with the type of epilepsy and the AEDs.
Patients with epilepsy commonly report depressive symptoms. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and depression. We also wanted to evaluate possible association between depressive symptofigms in patients with epilepsy with the quality of life (QoL).

This was a prospective cross-sectional study carried out at the tertiary teaching hospital (University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia) with Ethics committee approval. Questionnaires evaluating depressive symptoms and QoL were administered to consecutive patients treated in the Referral Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Croatia for Epilepsy. selleck chemical Depressive symptoms were evaluated using Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D17). Quality of life was assessed using Quality of life in epilepsy-31 inventory (QOLIE-31).

108 patients (63% women, 37% men; mean age 39.54±15.91 years, range 18-80 years) with epilepsy were included. 14.8% of patients had focal, 35.2% generalised and g the type of epilepsy and results on HAM-D17, nor between the AEDs (older vs. newer AEDs, or both types AEDs) and results on HAM-D17.
Results of this study evaluating depressive symptoms in patients with epilepsy demonstrate that our patients mainly experience mild depressive symptoms, with no significant differences on HAM-D17 regarding gender and age. Patients with epilepsy with less pronounced depressive symptoms were found to have higher QoL. We did not find statistically significant differences regarding the type of epilepsy and results on HAM-D17, nor between the AEDs (older vs. newer AEDs, or both types AEDs) and results on HAM-D17.Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease, is accompanied by a number of comorbidities. Among the psychiatric ones, depression and anxiety occupy a special place. It is estimated that the prevalence of anxiety in the MS population is 22.1% verus 13% in the general population; whereas the prevalence of anxiety levels, as determined by various questionnaires, reaches even 34.2%. link2 Systematic literature reviews (SPL) show considerable data variations due to differences in study design, sample size, diagnostic criteria and extremely high heterogeneity (I2). Among the more conspicuous factors associated with anxiety disorder in MS are demographic factors (age and gender), nonsomatic depressive symptoms, higher levels of disability, immunotherapy treatments, MS type, and unemployment. Depression is the most common psychiatric commorbidity in MS and the lifetime risk of developing depression in MS patients is >50%. According to some research, the prevalence of depression in MS vary between 4.98% and 58.9%, with an average of 23.7% (I2=97.3%). Brain versus spinal cord lesions, as well as temporal lobe, fasciculus arcuatus, superior frontal and superior parietal lobe lesions in addition to the cerebral atrophy have been shown to be the anatomical predictors of depressive disorder in MS. Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and the consequent dexamethasone-insupressible hypercortisolemia, in addition to cytokine storm (IL-6, TNF-α, TGFβ1, IFNγ/IL-4) present the endocrine and inflammatory basis for development of depression. Fatigue, insomnia, cognitive dysfunction, spasticity, neurogenic bladder, pain, and sexual dysfunction have shown to be additional precipitating factors in development of anxiety and depression in MS patients.
Comorbidities in multiple sclerosis (MS) have a big role in management of this chronic demyelinating neurodegenerative disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate comorbidities in patients with MS in Croatia.

This was a prospective cross-sectional study carried out in an out-patient setting at a tertiary healthcare centre over 10 months, which included 101 consecutive patients with MS (mean age 42.09 (range 19-77) years, 75 female, 26 male, EDSS score 3.1 (range 0.0-7.0)). The average duration of the disease was 13.5±7.487 (range 1-42) years. Thirty-six patients were treated with disease modifying therapies (DMTs). Information on comorbidities was obtained during the medical interview. Data was analysed using software package IBM Corp. Released 2015. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. Armonk, NY IBM Corp.

33% (n=34) patients did not have any comorbidities, and there is an equal number of patients (n=34, 33%) that just had one comorbidity. 17.6% (n=18) of patients had two comorbidities, adities in Croatian patients with MS. Connection with comorbidities must be considered when managing patients with MS. Any other comorbidity in MS may also affect the condition of the patient in general, and also their quality of life, and requires a tailored approach in management.
Depression is the most common mental disorder in old age with a major impact on quality of life, morbidity and mortality. In daily work, various tests are used in terms of screening to detect suspected depressive disorder. One of the most commonly used tests is the so-called Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15). The aim of our study was to determine the incidence of depressive symptoms in patients hospitalized in the geriatric ward.

A retrospective analysis included a total of 473 subjects (170 men and 303 women), with an average age of 83.8 years (minimum 65 years, maximum 101 years). GDS-15 was tested in all subjects (a positive test implies a GDS-15 score of ≥6). The results obtained were then statistically processed.

Of the total of 473 subjects, 105 (22.2%) were positively tested for depressive symptoms (34 men and 71 women). Most of these live in the usual domestic setting (79.4% men and 74.6% women). In women, the symptoms are mostly present (49 women -69.0%) in women living alone (widowed, divorced or unmarried. The male respondents were mostly men living in a partner community (22 men - 64.7%).

The results obtained confirm the high incidence of depressive symptoms in the patients hospitalized in the geriatric ward. Depression is not a normal part of ageing and must be considered as a serious medical problem. Therefore, routine screening is necessary to identify the depressive symptoms, to detect and diagnose depression to begin treatment for such patients on time in order to improve the quality of life of the elderly.
The results obtained confirm the high incidence of depressive symptoms in the patients hospitalized in the geriatric ward. Depression is not a normal part of ageing and must be considered as a serious medical problem. Therefore, routine screening is necessary to identify the depressive symptoms, to detect and diagnose depression to begin treatment for such patients on time in order to improve the quality of life of the elderly.Depression is heterogeneous clinical entity with different clinical symptoms, that imply diverse biological underpinning, different molecular substrates and pathways. Besides different psychiatric comorbidities, depression is frequently interrelated with somatic diseases. Multi-morbidities, i.e. somatic diseases associated with depression, reduce quality of life, worsen clinical picture and increase mortality. The most frequent somatic diseases co-occurring with depression are cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. link3 Vulnerable individuals will develop depression, and the goal in modern research and in precision/personalized medicine is to determine vulnerability factors associated with development of depression and to find easy available biomarkers of depression, especially comorbid with somatic diseases. This mini-review aimed to describe the latest published data (from 2015-20120) considering biomarkers of depression related to somatic diseases. Biomarkers related to inflammatory processes, atherosclerosis, imbalance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nerve system, sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, heart rate variability and endothelial dysfunction could improve the understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms of the common pathways of depression comorbid with somatic diseases.
Homepage: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/l-selenomethionine.html