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Adult Diagnosis of ADHD
For adults who struggle with ADHD, a diagnosis can have a profound impact on their lives. It can help people recognize the reasons why they struggle in work, family and relationships.
It can be difficult to identify because symptoms can overlap. A health care professional or mental health professional will examine the patient and conduct tests.
Signs and symptoms
It is possible that a person does not realize they have ADHD until they reach adulthood. This may be because teachers and parents failed to recognize the symptoms at an earlier time or due to the demands of college or work caused the disorder to be revealed. Adults with ADHD who aren't treated suffer in their social, academic and work lives. Undiagnosed ADHD can lead to a wide range of problems including relationship problems and financial difficulties.
To diagnose ADHD A mental health professional will speak with the patient and go over the patient's personal medical and mental health history, taking note of symptoms in different environments. The patient will be asked to describe the symptoms and how they impact their daily functioning as well as their relationships. It is essential that the patient is open about these symptoms, and not hold back due to feelings of shame or embarrassment.
The mental health professional should also determine if these symptoms are related to other comorbidities, such as depression and anxiety, which often coexist with ADHD. These conditions typically make the symptoms of ADHD worse and can hinder the effective treatment of the disorder.
If a psychologist or psychiatrist feels that the symptoms of ADHD are being impacted by comorbid conditions, further cognitive, neuropsychological, or testing for learning disabilities could be performed to determine an accurate diagnosis. These tests can also be used to determine the extent of functional impairment caused by these conditions. The mental health professional will also request interviews with others who are significant like spouses or siblings to get a complete picture of how the individual is performing.
Diagnosis
Adults are diagnosed with ADHD by a mental healthcare specialist or physician following an extensive assessment. This involves a thorough discussion of the symptoms and how they affect the way you live your life. It also includes the presence of any other mental disorders that may co-exist alongside ADHD like anxiety and mood disorders. Additionally, the doctor might ask for the assistance of significant others, usually the spouse or a close friend -- to help gather more information about the individual's behavior.
A correct diagnosis of ADHD can change your life. For many adults, the diagnosis finally gives them an explanation for what has always seemed like "normal" behaviors. It's usually a relief to find out that their issues aren't simply due to laziness or forgetfulness.
The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth edition (DSM-5) requires that adults meet specific criteria for symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. This is a standard established to ensure that people receive the care and support they need. For a person to qualify for an ADHD diagnoses the person must be suffering from symptoms for at least one year and have caused significant impairment in multiple settings, like at home, school or work with family or friends, or other activities. For adults who are 17 or older, the number of required symptoms has been reduced to five, from the six required for children younger than 12 years old.
A positive relationship with your primary healthcare provider can help you to recognize ADHD. Many physicians diagnose and treat ADHD in children and refer you to an expert in mental health to assess adults.
Treatment
When someone with ADHD is diagnosed, their life may drastically change. They may finally have reasons for their school failures or a struggle to find an occupation or a relationship. For some, a diagnosis can provide relief from anxiety that could have been accumulated over the years of their issues going untreated.
The first step in obtaining an diagnosis is speaking to a doctor or mental health professional. They can inquire about the family history and perform physical examinations to rule out any conditions that could cause symptoms that resemble ADHD, such as sleep disorders, learning disabilities or alcohol/drug abuse. They may also ask the patient to complete the checklist of symptoms.
In many cases, the doctor will request that a spouse or partner is interviewed during the process of assessment. adult adhd diagnosis uk allows the non ADHD spouse or partner develop an understanding of their loved one's ADHD, and an empathetic attitude towards the symptoms. This is important for improving relationships after a diagnoses. If this isn't feasible the doctor may conduct an interview with acquaintances or colleagues who know the person.
Adults suffering from ADHD are treated primarily with medications. Stimulants like methylphenidate (Ritalin(r)) and dextroamphetamine (Adderall(r)) are the most effective and commonly used medications to treat adult ADHD. Other medications, like Atomoxetine (Strattera(r)) and guanfacine (Intuniv(r), Tenex(r)) increase the amount of norepinephrine found in the brain, and can improve symptoms of ADHD.
Psychotherapy is also an alternative. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can teach patients skills to manage their ADHD symptoms, including time management and self-regulation of emotions and behavior and managing self-criticism and negative feelings. Other therapies, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), help adults recognize automatic thoughts or irrational thinking that cause negative behavior, and also develop positive self-talk.
Medication
Many people find that ADHD medication can improve their symptoms. This medicine is typically in the form of a stimulant. It works by increasing the activity in brain regions that control attention and behavior. Methylphenidate is the most popular medicine prescribed to adults with ADHD is available in various forms. It can be taken as immediate-release tablets or as modified-release tablets that release the medication throughout the day. Clonidine is another kind of medicine, works by decreasing brain activity and can be taken as a pill or liquid.
When treating adult patients with ADHD The doctor or therapist will review the person's family and medical history to determine if there are any factors that can cause similar symptoms as ADHD. This is crucial because some medical conditions, such as seizures and thyroid issues can trigger symptoms similar to those of ADHD. Some medications and dietary supplement can cause similar symptoms.
During the assessment it is likely that the person will explain their ADHD symptoms to the psychiatrist or therapist. They will be asked to fill in standardized ADHD rating scales and check lists, and complete psychological tests that measure working memory, executive functioning (abilities like making decisions and planning) spatial and visual capabilities, and reasoning abilities.
If the therapist believes ADHD symptoms affect the quality of life of a person, he or she will suggest treatment. In some cases the therapist may ask the individual's partner or spouse to speak with them regarding the effects of the symptoms on their relationship. This step can help to decrease blame between individuals and result in healthier, more productive relationships.
Counseling
Being diagnosed is a huge relief for many adults with ADHD. It's a chance to understand the reason why they face difficulties at school or at work and learn ways to overcome them. It's also a chance for them to overcome negative habits and build self-confidence.
Counseling can be a great method of helping you build a strong support network. Counseling for ADHD can include psychotherapy (or psychological therapy) and a variety behavior-based interventions. A therapist could make a chart to reward positive behavior and imposes penalties on bad ones. The therapist can also teach the patient skills to manage symptoms, for example relaxation techniques like deep breathing or meditative postures in yoga.
Counseling can help people accept and comprehend their ADHD. It's not always easy to admit that you have problems with attention or planning and organizing. It can be embarrassing to confess that you have ADHD to co-workers or supervisors. However, most teachers and bosses will be willing to accommodate for your situation. They could, for instance let you write on the computer instead of paper, or provide an explanation of class material.
The therapist will also instruct you how to manage ADHD by using cognitive behavior therapy. This is a method of talk therapy which helps you transform negative behaviours and thoughts into positive ones. Counseling for ADHD could also involve marital or family therapy. This helps loved ones learn to better communicate and solve issues with someone suffering from ADHD. People who suffer from ADHD frequently suffer from mental health issues like depression or anxiety and may struggle with substance misuse and addiction, which can cause more symptoms.
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