Notes

Lytic bacteriophages UFJF_PfDIW6 and also UFJF_PfSW6 avoid Pseudomonas fluorescens development in vitro as well as the proteolytic-caused spoilage regarding raw take advantage of in the course of cooled storage.
83, p less then 0.001, ES=-0.83) and superior-inferior planes (Z=-4.93, p less then 0.001, ES=-0.85). Increased trial time cost was associated with a decrease in dual-task cost of postural sway (p less then 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Performing a cognitive task while ambulating decreased postural sway variability in task-relevant planes of motion compared to single-task conditions. Reduced dual-task cost of sway variability during gait was associated with maintained trial times between single and dual-tasks. These data support the use of instrumented dual-task gait assessment to evaluate postural sway variability. © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.Precision temperature measurement of nano system with high sensitivity and fast response is still a challenge. The marvelous thermal and mechanical properties of graphite will allow the creation of superior nanoscale temperature sensors. In-situ X-ray diffraction was employed to determine graphite hexagonal crystal lattice dimensions and the coefficient of thermal expansion based on the calculation of its interatomic distance. The energy of graphite was mapped over the first Brillouin zone in the temperature range of 50-1200 °C at intervals of 50 °C. Energy-based comparative studies between the quantum free electron approach obtained by inelastic scattering and harmonic oscillator are introduced by the principal quantum number associated with the excitation level. Hexagonal lattice constants, interlayer distance and interatomic distance of graphite crystals are investigated analytically with consideration to their temperature dependence and the carbon peak (002), where the 2θ value decreases slightly with increasing temperature. The coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite-based interatomic distance is negative and tends toward zero with increasing temperature, which is in very good agreement with experiments. Moreover, energy probability distributions enclosed by reciprocal lattice vectors of the hexagonal lattice are defined and interpreted based on lattice dimensions with varying temperature. Linear changes of the temperature-driven unit cell lattice dimensions and analysis of the kinetic energy of the electron in graphite may both be utilised for the advanced temperature interpretation model and preliminary design of a precise nanothermometer. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.In heavy-ion therapy, the stopping position of primary ions in tumours needs to be monitored for effective treatment and to prevent overdose exposure to normal tissues. Positron-emitting ion beams, such as 11C and 15O, have been suggested for range verification in heavy-ion therapy using in-beam positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, which offers the capability of visualizing the ion stopping position with a high signal-to-noise ratio. We have previously demonstrated the feasibility of in-beam PET imaging for the range verification of 11C and 15O ion beams and observed a slight shift between the beam stopping position and the dose peak position in simulations, depending on the initial beam energy spread. In this study, we focused on the experimental confirmation of the shift between the Bragg peak position and the position of the maximum detected positron-emitting fragments via a PET system for positron-emitting ion beams of 11C (210 MeV/u) and 15O (312 MeV/u) with momentum acceptances of 5% and 0.5%. Foa dose to normal tissues beyond the tumour when the dose distal fall-off is located beyond the treatment volume. © 2020 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine.DNA-displaying nanoparticles comprised of conjugates of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) were developed. ssDNA was enzymatically conjugated to ELPs via a catalytic domain of Porcine Circovirus type 2 replication initiation protein (pRep) fused to ELPs. Nanoparticles were formed upon heating to temperatures above the phase transition temperature due to the hydrophobicity of ELPs and the hydrophilicity of conjugated ssDNA. We demonstrated the applicability of the resultant nanoparticles as drug carriers with tumor-targeting properties by conjugating a DNA aptamer, which is known to bind to Mucin 1 (MUC1), to ELPs. DNA aptamer-displaying nanoparticles encapsulating the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel were able to bind to cells overexpressing MUC1 and induce cell death. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.A draft report by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) Report Committee 26 (RC 26) will recommend alternative definitions of the operational quantities that are better estimators of radiation protection quantities. Dose coefficients for use with physical field quantities - fluence and, for photons, air kerma - are given for various particle types over a broad energy range. For the skin dosimetry, several changes are of particular interest. Specifically, the use of absorbed dose instead of dose equivalent has been selected as the operational quantity since deterministic effects are of primary interest in the skin. In addition, newly recommended phantoms are specified for computing the operational dose coefficients. The report also addresses computational approaches such as tally volumes, depths, source areas, and rotational angles. In this work, dose coefficients calculated for the local skin in support of the ICRU report are presented. Energy-dependent dose coefficients wereRP by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.Modified hybrid structures of TiO2 nanotubes (TONT), p-Al doped TONT/n-TONT with an additional overlayer of alumina, are constructed to achieve 99.57% photodegradation of the stable organic pollutant methylene blue(MB) within 180 minutes, a degradation rate 17 times higher than by pure TONTs. The anodization at three different temperatures 20C, 280C and 400C followed by impregnation of Al is used for their preparation. The analyses of structure, chemical composition and morphology respectively by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution transmission microscopy, Rutherford back scattering and field emission scanning electron microscopy confirm the formation of the hybrid structure.This structure exhibits the highest photodegradation rate with TONT based catalysts till date for MB blue, by enhancing the electron -hole separation, the absorption of visible photons and the adsorption sites for the pollutant. The optical data coupled with valence band XPS is used for elucidating the energy band structure of the p-n junctions and to gain insight into the effect of junction mechanism on photoactivity. The rectification ratios of the impregnated p-n junctions, determined by current -voltage measurements, are found to vary from 102 to 106. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Despite increasing interest in tin disulfide (SnS2) as a two-dimensional (2D) material due to its promising electrical and optical properties, the surface treatment of silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrates prior to the atomic layer deposition (ALD) deposition of SnS2 has not been thoroughly studied. In this paper, we prepared two types of SiO2 substrates with and without using an O2 plasma surface treatment and compared the ALD growth behavior of SnS2 on the SiO2 substrates. The hydrophilic properties of the two SiO2 substrates were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurements, which showed that using an O2 plasma surface treatment tuned the surface to be more hydrophilic. ALD-grown SnS2 thin films on the two different SiO2 substrates were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. To estimate the exact thickness of the ALD-grown SnS2 thin films, transmission electron microscopy was used. Our data revealed that using O2 plasma surface treatment increased the growth rate of the initial ALD stage. Thus, the ALD-grown SnS2 thin film on the SiO2 substrate treated with O2 plasma was thicker than the film grown on the non-treated SiO2 substrate. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.A close relationship between age and gut microbiota exists in invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. Long-living people are a model for studying healthy aging; they also have a distinctive microbiota structure. The relationship between the microbiota of long-living people and aging phenotype remains largely unknown. Herein, the feces of long-living people were transplanted into mice, which were then examined for aging-related indices and beneficial bacteria. Mice transplanted with fecal matter from long-living people (L group) had greater α diversity, more probiotic genera (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium), and short-chain fatty acid producing genera (Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus) than the control group. L group mice also accumulated less lipofuscin and β-galactosidase and had longer intestinal villi. This study indicates the effects that the gut microbiota from long-living people have on healthy aging.Circulating growth hormone (GH) concentrations increase during pregnancy in mice and remain pituitary-derived. Whether abundance or activation of the GH secretagogue, ghrelin increase during pregnancy or in response to dietary octanoic acid supplementation are unclear. We therefore measured circulating GH profiles in late pregnant C57BL/6J mice and in aged-matched non-pregnant females, fed standard laboratory chow supplemented with 5% octanoic or palmitic (control) acid (n=4-13/group). Serum total and acyl-ghrelin concentrations, stomach and placenta ghrelin mRNA and protein expression, Pcsk1 (encoding prohormone convertase 1/3) and Mboat4 (membrane bound O-acyl transferase 4) mRNA were determined at zeitgeber (ZT) 13 and ZT23. Total and basal GH secretion were higher in late pregnant than non-pregnant mice (P less then 0.001), regardless of diet. At ZT13, serum concentrations of total (P=0.004), but not acyl-ghrelin, and the density of ghrelin-positive cells in the gastric antrum (P=0.019) were higher, and gastric Mboat4 and Pcsk1 mRNA expression were lower in pregnant than non-pregnant mice at ZT23. Selleckchem GO-203 In the placenta, ghrelin protein was localised mostly to labyrinthine trophoblast cells. Serum acyl-, but not total, ghrelin was lower at mid-pregnancy than in non-pregnant mice, but not different at early or late pregnancy. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 5% octanoic acid did not increase activation of ghrelin in female mice. Our results further suggest that increases in maternal GH secretion throughout murine pregnancy are not due to circulating acyl-ghrelin acting at the pituitary. Nevertheless, time-dependent increased circulating total ghrelin could potentially increase ghrelin action in tissues that express the acylating enzyme and receptor.PURPOSE Ingestion of sildenafil citrate has performance-enhancing effects at high altitudes above 3800 m in able-bodied individuals. It is unknown whether it can improve the performance of athletes with spinal cord injury (SCI) at moderate altitudes ( less then 2200 m), relevant to Paralympic competitions. As most men with SCI suffer from erectile dysfunction of neurologic origin and use sildenafil on a regular basis, it seems important to study the impact of sildenafil on exercise capacity. The outcome of this study is also relevant to the antidoping community. METHODS Twenty-seven healthy male wheelchair athletes with a motor-complete SCI participated in this prospective double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. The participants performed arm cranking exercise to exhaustion at sea level and moderate altitude (2200 m) after ingestion of 50 mg sildenafil citrate or a placebo. Peak power output, peak oxygen uptake, peak heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, oxygen saturation, and lactate concentrations at exhaustion were measured.
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